John Murray, 3rd Duke Of Atholl
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John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl, KT, PC (6 May 1729 – 5 November 1774), known as John Murray until 1764, was a Scottish peer and
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politician.


Background

He was born 6 May 1729. Murray was the eldest son of Lord George Murray, fifth son of John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl and Lady Catherine Hamilton. James Murray and George Murray were his younger brothers.


Political career

For some time he was captain in a company of Lord Loudoun's regiment of foot, afterwards the 54th. Murray sat as Member of Parliament for
Perthshire Perthshire (Scottish English, locally: ; ), officially the County of Perth, is a Shires of Scotland, historic county and registration county in central Scotland. Geographically it extends from Strathmore, Angus and Perth & Kinross, Strathmore ...
from 1761 to 1764. On 8 January 1764, his uncle and father-in-law, the 2nd Duke of Atholl, died. Murray should have been heir to the dukedom, which was only able to descend through the male line; but he was ineligible since his father had fought in the
Jacobite Rising of 1745 The Jacobite rising of 1745 was an attempt by Charles Edward Stuart to regain the Monarchy of Great Britain, British throne for his father, James Francis Edward Stuart. It took place during the War of the Austrian Succession, when the bulk of t ...
and had consequently been attainted in the blood. However, on 7 February 1764, the
House of Lords The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the lower house, the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster in London, England. One of the oldest ext ...
deemed Murray the rightful heir to his uncle's title (notwithstanding the attainder of his father) and he succeeded him as 3rd Duke of Atholl. He was elected a
Scottish representative peer This is a list of representative peers elected from the Peerage of Scotland to sit in the House of Lords after the Acts of Union 1707 abolished the unicameral Parliament of Scotland, where all Scottish Peers had been entit ...
in 1766. His wife, on the death of her father, the second duke, succeeded to the
suzerainty A suzerain (, from Old French "above" + "supreme, chief") is a person, state (polity)">state or polity who has supremacy and dominant influence over the foreign policy">polity.html" ;"title="state (polity)">state or polity">state (polity)">st ...
of the
Isle of Man The Isle of Man ( , also ), or Mann ( ), is a self-governing British Crown Dependency in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland. As head of state, Charles III holds the title Lord of Mann and is represented by a Lieutenant Govern ...
, and to the ancient English barony of Strange, of Knockyn, Wotton, Mohun, Burnel, Basset, and Lacy. For some time negotiations had been in progress with the British government for the revestment of the suzerainty back to the British crown; and in an act of parliament, the Isle of Man Purchase Act 1765, was passed to give effect to a contract between the lords of the Treasury and the Duke and Duchess of Atholl for the purchase of the sovereignty of Mann and its dependencies for £70,000, the duke and duchess retaining their manorial rights, the patronage of the bishopric and other ecclesiastical benefices, the fisheries, minerals, etc. The arrangement rendered them very unpopular in Mann, and the
42nd Regiment of Foot The 42nd (Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot was a Scottish infantry regiment in the British Army also known as the Black Watch. Originally titled Crawford's Highlanders or the Highland Regiment (mustered 1739) and numbered 43rd in the line, in 17 ...
, or Black Watch, under Lord John Murray, had to be stationed in the island to maintain order. The money received by the duke and duchess was directed to be laid out and invested in the purchase of lands of inheritance in Scotland, to be inalienably entailed on a certain series of heirs. The duke and duchess had also a grant of an annuity of £2,000 for their lives. Atholl was chosen a Scottish representative peer in succession to the
Earl of Sutherland Earl of Sutherland is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created circa 1230 for William de Moravia, 1st Earl of Sutherland, William de Moravia and is the premier earldom in the Peerage of Scotland. The earl or countess of Sutherland is al ...
, who died 21 August 1764, and he was reelected in 1768. In 1767, he was invested with the
Order of the Thistle The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle is an order of chivalry associated with Scotland. The current version of the order was founded in 1687 by King James VII of Scotland, who asserted that he was reviving an earlier order. The ...
. He was Grand Master of the
Ancient Grand Lodge of England The Ancient Grand Lodge of England, as it is known today, or ''The Grand Lodge of the Most Ancient and Honourable Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons (according to the Old Constitutions granted by His Royal Highness Prince Edwin, at York, An ...
from 1771 until 1774, and Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland from 1773 to 1774. He died at
Dunkeld Dunkeld (, , from , "fort of the Caledonians") is a town in Perth and Kinross, Scotland. The location of a historic cathedral, it lies on the north bank of the River Tay, opposite Birnam. Dunkeld lies close to the geological Highland Boundar ...
on 5 November 1774.


Family

Atholl married his first cousin, Lady Charlotte, daughter of
James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl, (28 September 16908 January 1764), styled Marquess of Tullibardine between 1715 and 1746, was the Lord of Mann, a Scottish peer, and Lord Privy Seal. Life Atholl was born in Edinburgh, Scotland and was the ...
, at
Dunkeld Dunkeld (, , from , "fort of the Caledonians") is a town in Perth and Kinross, Scotland. The location of a historic cathedral, it lies on the north bank of the River Tay, opposite Birnam. Dunkeld lies close to the geological Highland Boundar ...
, on 23 October 1753. They had nine children: * Lady Charlotte Murray (1754–1808) *
John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl, KT, PC, FRS (30 June 1755 – 29 September 1830), styled Marquess of Tullibardine from 1764 to 1774, was a Scottish peer. Life and career Murray was the eldest son of John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl, and his ...
(1755–1830) * The Right Reverend Lord George Murray (1761–1803) * Lord William Murray (1762–1796); married Mary Ann Hodges, granddaughter if Sir James Hodges, Town Clerk of the City of London. They had a son, and daughter. * Lady Amelia Murray (1763–1818); unmarried. * Lady Jane Murray (1764–1846); married John Grosset Muirhead. No issue. *
Lord Henry Murray Lord Henry Murray (13 June 1767 – 3 December 1805) was a soldier and administrator who served as the fourth Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man. Career Born the fourth son of John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl, Henry Murray was appointed Co ...
(1767–1805) * Lady Mary Murray (1769–1814); married Rev. George Martin. No known issue. * The Very Reverend
Lord Charles Murray-Aynsley Lord Charles Murray-Aynsley (21 October 1771 – 5 May 1808) was an English dean. Life Murray-Aynsley was the youngest of nine children of John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl, and Charlotte Murray, Duchess of Atholl, and baptized as Charles Murray. ...
(1771–1808) Atholl died in November 1774, aged 45, after drowning himself in the
River Tay The River Tay (, ; probably from the conjectured Brythonic ''Tausa'', possibly meaning 'silent one' or 'strong one' or, simply, 'flowing' David Ross, ''Scottish Place-names'', p. 209. Birlinn Ltd., Edinburgh, 2001.) is the longest river in Sc ...
in a fit of delirium and was buried at Dunkeld. His eldest son John succeeded him in the dukedom.


References

;Attribution {{DEFAULTSORT:Murray, John 1729 births 1774 deaths Nobility from Perth and Kinross
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Knights of the Thistle Murray, John Grand masters of the United Grand Lodge of England
John John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second E ...
Scottish representative peers Suicides by drowning in the United Kingdom British MPs 1761–1768 54th Regiment of Foot officers Dukes of Rannoch Monarchs of the Isle of Man