John Kenneth Salisbury, Jr. (born July 12, 1951, in

Schenectady, New York Schenectady () is a city in Schenectady County, New York, United States, of which it is the county seat. As of the 2020 census, the city's population of 67,047 made it the state's ninth-largest city by population. The city is in eastern New Yo ...

) is an American

Roboticist Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of computer science and engineering. Robotics involves design, construction, operation, and use of robots. The goal of robotics is to design machines that can help and assist humans. Robotics integr ...

and

Research Professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors ...

Emeritus at Stanford University’s Computer Science Department and

Stanford School of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine is the medical school of Stanford University and is located in Stanford, California. It traces its roots to the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific, founded in San Francisco in 1858. This ...

’s Department of Surgery. Salisbury is a researcher in the fields of

robotics Robotics is an interdisciplinarity, interdisciplinary branch of computer science and engineering. Robotics involves design, construction, operation, and use of robots. The goal of robotics is to design machines that can help and assist human ...

, haptics, and

medical robot A medical robot is a robot used in the medical sciences. They include surgical robots. These are in most telemanipulators, which use the surgeon's activators on one side to control the "effector" on the other side. Types * Surgical robots: Th ...

ics. Widely known as the father of haptics, he is an inventor of over 50 patents and recipient of the ''2011 IEEE Inaba Award'' for "Commercialization of Products in Medical Robotics, Robotics, and Haptics".

Academic background

Kenneth Salisbury received his

Bachelor of Science A Bachelor of Science (BS, BSc, SB, or ScB; from the Latin ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for programs that generally last three to five years. The first university to admit a student to the degree of Bachelor of Science was the University o ...

(1975),

Master of Science A Master of Science ( la, Magisterii Scientiae; abbreviated MS, M.S., MSc, M.Sc., SM, S.M., ScM or Sc.M.) is a master's degree in the field of science awarded by universities in many countries or a person holding such a degree. In contrast ...

(1977), and PhD (1982) at Stanford University. His PhD thesis, ''Kinematic and Force Analysis of Articulated Hands'' was advised by Professor Bernard Roth. He is an academic descendant of the Father of Modern Kinematics,

Ferdinand Freudenstein Ferdinand Freudenstein (12 May 1926 – 30 March 2006) was an American physicist and engineer known as the "Father of Modern Kinematics." Freudenstein applied digital computation to the kinematic synthesis of mechanisms. In his Ph.D. dissertatio ...

. From 1982 through 1997, Salisbury served as Principal Research Scientist at the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a Private university, private Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern t ...

’s Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. From 1997 through 2003, he was Fellow and Scientific Advisor at

Intuitive Surgical Intuitive Surgical, Inc. is an American corporation that develops, manufactures, and markets robotic products designed to improve clinical outcomes of patients through minimally invasive surgery, most notably with the ''da Vinci'' Surgical System ...

Mountain View, CA Mountain View is a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States. Named for its views of the Santa Cruz Mountains, it has a population of 82,376. Mountain View was integral to the early history and growth of Silicon Valley, and is the ...

. He joined the faculty at Stanford in 1999 where his research has focused on the design of robots for interaction with and near humans as well as haptics and surgical simulation. He became Professor Emeritus in 2017.

Work

Salisbury's work is organized around the following topics: * ''Robot Hands:multi-finger hand mechanisms, control systems and perception techniques'' * ''Haptics: interfaces and rendering techniques'' * ''Robot Arms:force controllable robotic arms'' * ''Personal Robotics: robots to work near and with humans, HRI'' * ''Medical Robotics: user interfaces and surgical simulation''

Selected references

* Salisbury, J.K., Jr. (1999)
Making graphics physically tangible. Communications of the ACM
(Vol. 42, Number 8), pp. 74–81. * Salisbury, J.K., Jr. & Craig, J. J. (1982)
Articulated Hands: Force Control and Kinematic Issues
International Journal of Robotics Research, 1(1). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. * Mason, M.T. and J.K. Salisbury, Robot Hands and the Mechanics of Manipulation, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, MA, 1985

Awards

* IEEE Inaba Technical Award for Innovation Leading to Production for Feb 2011, Contributions to Commercialization of Products in Medical Robotics, Robotics and Haptics. * 2022 IEEE Pioneer in Robotics and Automation Award "For pioneering contributions to the field of robot mechanics, mechanism design and surgical manipulation".

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Salisbury Jr., John Kenneth Living people 1951 births American roboticists Stanford University faculty Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty