John Hampden (21 March 1653 – 12 December 1696), the second son of Richard Hampden, and grandson of ship money tax protester John Hampden, returned to England after residing for about two years in France, and joined himself to William Russell and Algernon Sidney and the party opposed to the arbitrary government of Charles II. With Russell and Sidney, he was arrested in 1683 for alleged complicity in the Rye House Plot, but more fortunate than his colleagues his life was spared although, as he was unable to pay the fine of £40,000 which was imposed upon him, he remained in prison. Then in 1685, after the failure of Monmouth's rising, Hampden was again brought to trial, and on a charge of

high treason Treason is the crime of attacking a state authority to which one owes allegiance. This typically includes acts such as participating in a war against one's native country, attempting to overthrow its government, spying on its military, its d ...

was condemned to death. But the sentence was not carried out, and having paid £6000 he was set at liberty. In the Convention Parliament of 1689, he represented Wendover, but in the subsequent parliaments, he failed to secure a seat. It was Hampden who in 1689 coined the phrase "

Glorious Revolution The Glorious Revolution, also known as the Revolution of 1688, was the deposition of James II and VII, James II and VII in November 1688. He was replaced by his daughter Mary II, Mary II and her Dutch husband, William III of Orange ...

".In testimony before a House of Lords committee in the fall of 1689; (2004), ''The Revolution of 1688-89: Changing Perspectives'', Cambridge U.P., 310 pages , p. 3 He died by his own hand on 12 December 1696. Hampden wrote numerous pamphlets, and Bishop Burnet described him as "one of the learnedest gentlemen I ever knew". He married Sarah Foley (died 1687), and had two children: * Richard Hampden (aft. 1674 – 27 July 1728), an MP and Privy Counsellor * Letitia Hampden, who married John Birch MP as his second wife After her death, he married Anne Cornwallis and had two children: * John Hampden (c. 1696 – 4 February 1754), an MP * Ann Hampden (died September 1723), married Thomas Kempthorne

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* {{DEFAULTSORT:Hampden, John 1653 births 1696 deaths People from Buckinghamshire People of the Rye House Plot English MPs 1679 English MPs 1680–1681 English MPs 1681 English MPs 1689–1690 English politicians convicted of crimes British politicians who died by suicide Suicides by sharp instrument in England