John of Strathbogie (c. 1266 – 7 November 1306) was warden and

Justiciar Justiciar is the English form of the medieval Latin term or (meaning "judge" or "justice"). The Chief Justiciar was the king's chief minister, roughly equivalent to a modern Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The Justiciar of Ireland was ...

y of

Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...

Early years and family

John was born in Atholl,

Perthshire Perthshire (Scottish English, locally: ; ), officially the County of Perth, is a Shires of Scotland, historic county and registration county in central Scotland. Geographically it extends from Strathmore, Angus and Perth & Kinross, Strathmore ...

, Scotland around 1266. He was the son of David I Strathbogie, Earl of Atholl (d. 1270), by his spouse Isabel de Chilham (also known as Isabel de Dover), daughter of Richard de Dover, Baron of Chilham,

Kent Kent is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South East England. It is bordered by Essex across the Thames Estuary to the north, the Strait of Dover to the south-east, East Sussex to the south-west, Surrey to the west, and Gr ...

and his wife Matilda, Countess of Angus. John de Strathbogie first appears on record as his father's son and heir in 1282. He was a great-great-grandson of King John of England through an illegitimate line.

Life and military service

In 1284, he joined with other Scottish noblemen who acknowledged

Margaret, Maid of Norway Margaret (, ; March or April 1283 – September 1290), known as the Maid of Norway, was the queen-designate of Scotland from 1286 until her death. As she was never crowned, her status as monarch is uncertain and has been debated by historia ...

, as the

heir presumptive An heir presumptive is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of a person with a better claim to the position in question. This is in contrast to an heir app ...

to King Alexander III.''Foedera'', p. 228 In 1296, he fought on the Scottish side at the Battle of Dunbar, where he was captured and sent to the

Tower of London The Tower of London, officially His Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic citadel and castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamle ...

. After a year's confinement there he was set free on condition that he served King

Edward I of England Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (Latin: Malleus Scotorum), was King of England from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he was Lord of Ireland, and from 1254 ...

Flanders Flanders ( or ; ) is the Dutch language, Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, la ...

. He did homage for his manor of Lesnes,

, in 1305 but subsequently returned to Scotland, and in 1306 joined

Robert the Bruce Robert I (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce (), was King of Scots from 1306 until his death in 1329. Robert led Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence against Kingdom of Eng ...

in his rising against English overlordship, and his English possessions were forfeited. He took part in Robert's

coronation A coronation ceremony marks the formal investiture of a monarch with regal power using a crown. In addition to the crowning, this ceremony may include the presentation of other items of regalia, and other rituals such as the taking of special v ...

in that year.

Execution

In the subsequent English invasion of Scotland in 1306, he was taken prisoner at the

Battle of Methven The Battle of Methven took place at Methven, Scotland on 19 June 1306, during the Wars of Scottish Independence. The battlefield was researched to be included in the Inventory of Historic Battlefields in Scotland and protected by Historic Sco ...

. John, Earl of Atholl, was hanged in London on 7 November 1306, on a gallows 30 feet higher than ordinary. This was to signify his higher status than his fellow prisoners: no earl had been executed in England for 230 years. His body was burnt and his head fixed on

London Bridge The name "London Bridge" refers to several historic crossings that have spanned the River Thames between the City of London and Southwark in central London since Roman Britain, Roman times. The current crossing, which opened to traffic in 197 ...

Marriage and children

John married Marjory (also known as Margaret), daughter of Domhnall I, Earl of Mar. They had two sons and a daughter: * David de Strathbogie, 10th Earl of Atholl (d. 28 December 1326) * Sir John de Strathbogie, Knight. * Isabel, wife or mistress of Edward de Brus,

Earl of Carrick Earl of Carrick (or Mormaer of Carrick) is the title applied to the ruler of Carrick, Scotland, Carrick (now South Ayrshire), subsequently part of the Peerage of Scotland. The position came to be strongly associated with the Scottish crown when ...

References

* Rymer, Thomas,''Foedera Conventiones, Literae et cuiuscunque generis Acta Publica inter Reges Angliae''. London. 1745. (Latin

* Richardson, Douglas, ''Plantagenet Ancestry'',

Baltimore Baltimore is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland. With a population of 585,708 at the 2020 census and estimated at 568,271 in 2024, it is the 30th-most populous U.S. city. The Baltimore metropolitan area is the 20th-large ...

, Md., 2004, p. 50, {{DEFAULTSORT:Atholl, John de Strathbogie, 9th Earl of 13th-century births 1306 deaths Nobility from Perth and Kinross 14th-century Scottish military personnel

John John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second E ...

Mormaers of Atholl 13th-century mormaers 14th-century Scottish earls