Johann Lukas Schönlein (30 November 1793 – 23 January 1864) was a German

naturalist Natural history is a domain of inquiry involving organisms, including animals, fungi, and plants, in their natural environment, leaning more towards observational than experimental methods of study. A person who studies natural history is cal ...

, and professor of medicine, born in

Bamberg Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian German, East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia district in Bavaria, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main (river), Main. Bamberg had 79,000 inhabitants in ...

. He studied medicine at Landshut, Jena, Göttingen, and Würzburg. After teaching at Würzburg and Zurich, he was called to

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

in 1839, where he taught therapeutics and

pathology Pathology is the study of disease. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in the context of modern medical treatme ...

. He served as physician to Frederick William IV.

Work

He was one of the first German medical professors to lecture in the vernacular tongue instead of

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

. Schönlein described ''purpura rheumatica'' (Schönlein's disease) an allergic non- thrombopenic

purpura Purpura () is a condition of red or purple discolored spots on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. The spots are caused by bleeding underneath the skin secondary to platelet disorders, vascular disorders, coagulation disorders, ...

rash that became known as Henoch–Schönlein purpura, though now known as IgA vasculitis. He also discovered the parasitic cause of

ringworm Dermatophytosis, also known as tinea and ringworm, is a mycosis, fungal infection of the skin (a dermatomycosis), that may affect skin, hair, and nails. Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. Hair loss may occur in the a ...

or favus ('' Trichophyton schönleinii''). J. L. Schönlein first published the name "tuberculosis" (German: ''Tuberkulose'') in 1832.The word "tuberculosis" first appeared in Schönlein's clinical notes in 1829. See: See especially Appendix, p. iii. Prior to Schönlein's designation, tuberculosis had been called "consumption".

Taxon named in his honor

*The blackspot tuskfish (''Choerodon schoenleinii'') is a

wrasse The wrasses are a family, Labridae, of marine ray-finned fish, many of which are brightly colored. The family is large and diverse, with over 600 species in 81 genera, which are divided into nine subgroups or tribes. They are typically small, ...

native to the

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approximately 20% of the water area of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia (continent), ...

and the western

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is ...

from

Mauritius Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, about off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of Madagascar. It includes the main island (also called Mauritius), as well as Rodrigues, Ag ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

and

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

north to the Ryukyus.

Notes

* * * * * * * * * * *

* Joh. Lucas Schoenlein ''von der Hirnmetamorphose'', Inauguralabhandlung, Würzburg, Gedruckt bey F. E. Nitribitt, Universitätsbuchdrucker, 1816 * ''Theses ex universa Medicina. Quas Gratiosi in Inclyta Universitate Herbipolitana Medicorum Ordinis consensu pro Gradu Doctoris in Medicina, Chirurgia et Arte Obstetricia Rite Obtinendo Pubice, Defendet Die XXIV. Februarii MDCCCXVI. Horis Matutinis Consuetis Joannes Lucas Schoenlein, Bambergensis'', Wirceburgi 1816 (Thesenverteidigung Schönleins im Jahre 1816) *''Allgemeine und spezielle Pathologie und Therapie'', Nach J. L. Schönlein's Vorlesungen, Niedergeschrieben und herausgegeben von einem seiner Zuhörer, In vier Bänden, Würzburg 1832 (unrechtmäßiger Vordruck), mit späterer Auflage Herisau 1834 * ''Dr. J. L. Schönlein's, Professors in Berlin, Krankheitsfamilie der Typhen.'', Nach dessen neuesten Vorlesungen niedergeschrieben und herausgegeben von einem seiner Zuhörer, Zürich 1840 * ''Schoenlein's klinische Vorträge in dem Charité-Krankenhause zu Berlin.'' Redigirt und herausgegeben von Dr. L. Güterbock, Berlin 1842 (Zweite unveränderte Auflage) * Günter Klemmt: ''Johann Lukas Schönleins unveröffentlichtes Vorlesungsmanuskript über den "Keichhusten".'' Matthiesen Verlag, Husum 1986 (Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften 53), * K.-P. Kelber, M. Okrusch: (2006): ''Die geologische Erforschung und Kartierung des Würzburger Stadtgebietes von den Anfängen bis 1925'' in ''Mainfränkische Hefte'' Würzburg Nr. 105, Seite 71–115 * R. Virchow: ''Gedächtnisrede auf Joh. Lucas Schönlein, gehalten am 23. Januar 1865, dem ersten Jahrestage seines Todes in der Aula der Berliner Universität''.- Berlin 1865 * ''"... und ewig erklingen wird sein Ruhm ..." – Johann Lukas Schönlein (1793–1864)'', Katalog einer Ausstellung der Staatsbibliothek Bamberg, Bamberg 1993 * Arnholdt, Robert, ''Johann Lukas Schönlein als Tuberkulosearzt'', In: Bayerisches Ärzteblatt 1978, S. 702–707 * Fuhrmann, H. R.: ''Dr. Johann Lukas Schönlein, der Begründer einer neuen Zeit un der Medizin'', In: Berichte der Phys.-med. Gesellschaft zu Würzburg, 1938, S. 130–179 * Herd, Rudolf: ''Dr. Johann Lukas Schönleins (1793–1864) fränkische Vorfahren und Verwandte'', In: Bericht des Historischen Vereins Bamberg 100 (1964), S. 551–557 * Katalog der Sammlung Schoenlein. Catalog of the Schonleiniana Collection Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg, Boston/Mass. 1972 * Virchow, ''Gedächtnisrede auf Schönlein'', (1865)

External links

* Neurotree
Johann Lukas Schönlein Details

Digital collection about Johann Lukas Schönlein
at the Bamberg State Library {{DEFAULTSORT:Schonlein, Johann Lukas German pathologists 19th-century German botanists 1793 births 1864 deaths People from Bamberg Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class) Physicians of the Charité

Work

Taxon named in his honor

See also

Notes

Further reading

External links