Johann Andreas Benignus Bergsträsser
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Johann Andreas Benignus Bergsträsser (21 December 1732, in
Idstein Idstein () is a town of about 25,000 inhabitants in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the ''Regierungsbezirk'' of Darmstadt (region), Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany. Because of its well preserved historical Altstadt (Old Town) it is part of the ''Deutsch ...
– 24 December 1812, in
Hanau Hanau () is a city in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. It is 25 km east of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main and part of the Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region. Its railway Hanau Hauptbahnhof, station is a ma ...
) was a German
educator A teacher, also called a schoolteacher or formally an educator, is a person who helps students to acquire knowledge, competence, or virtue, via the practice of teaching. ''Informally'' the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g. w ...
,
philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also defined as the study of ...
, and
entomologist Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ...
.


Education

He studied
philology Philology () is the study of language in Oral tradition, oral and writing, written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also de ...
and
theology Theology is the study of religious belief from a Religion, religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity. It is taught as an Discipline (academia), academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itse ...
at the universities of
Jena Jena (; ) is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city in Germany and the second largest city in Thuringia. Together with the nearby cities of Erfurt and Weimar, it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia with approximately 500,000 in ...
and Halle, and in 1756–58 worked as a teacher at the
orphanage An orphanage is a residential institution, total institution or group home, devoted to the care of orphans and children who, for various reasons, cannot be cared by their biological families. The parents may be deceased, absent, or abusi ...
in
Halle an der Saale Halle (Saale), or simply Halle (), is the second largest city of the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It is the sixth-most populous city in the area of former East Germany after (East) Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden, Chemnitz and Magdeburg as well as t ...
. In 1760 he was appointed rector at the
Evangelical Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched ...
gymnasium in Hanau. In 1775 he obtained the title of professor and became a member of the
consistory Consistory is the anglicized form of the consistorium, a council of the closest advisors of the Roman emperors. It can also refer to: *A papal consistory, a formal meeting of the Sacred College of Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church *Consistor ...
.Aachen - Braniß
edited by
Rudolf Vierhaus Rudolf Vierhaus (29 October 1922 – 13 November 2011) was a German historian who mainly researched the Early modern period. He had been a professor at the newly founded Ruhr University Bochum since 1964. From 1971, he was director of the in Gött ...
ADB:Bergsträßer, Johann Andreas Benignus
In:
Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB; ) is one of the most important and comprehensive biographical reference works in the German language. It was published by the Historical Commission of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences between 1875 and 1912 in 56 volumes, printed in Lei ...
(ADB). Band 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, S. 387–398.
In 1784 he proposed a type of
optical telegraph An optical telegraph is a line of stations, typically towers, for the purpose of conveying textual information by means of visual signals (a form of optical communication). There are two main types of such systems; the semaphore telegraph whic ...
system to "connect"
Leipzig Leipzig (, ; ; Upper Saxon: ; ) is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Saxony. The city has a population of 628,718 inhabitants as of 2023. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, eighth-largest city in Ge ...
with
Hamburg Hamburg (, ; ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,. is the List of cities in Germany by population, second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 7th-lar ...
. He initially tried a variety of other types of fire-related communications. But this connection used four different types of rockets: rockets without detonation; rockets with detonation; illuminating signal rockets and firework rockets.


Selected works

* ''Realwörterbuch über die classischen Schriftsteller'' (7 volumes. Halle, 1772–81) – Dictionary on the classical authors. * ''Chronologiae historicae particula prima (-secunda), scholarum in usus concinnatae, qua ad solemnem lycei lustrationem...'' (Hanovre, 2 volumes, 1778). * ''Nomenclatur und Beschreibung der Insecten der Grafschaft Hanau-Münzenberg...'' (Hanau, three volumes, 1777–79) – Nomenclature and description of the insects of
Hanau-Münzenberg The County of Hanau-Münzenberg was a territory within the Holy Roman Empire. It emerged when the County of Hanau was divided in 1458, the other part being the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg. Due to common heirs, both counties were merged from 1642 t ...
. * ''Jo. Andr. Benigni Bergstraesseri,... Icones papilionum diurnorum quotquot adhuc in Europa occurrunt descriptae... Decuria prima, oder Abbildungen und Beschreibungen aller bekannten europaeischen Tagfalter. Erstes Zehendt'' (Hanovre, 3 parts, 1779-1781). * ''Ueber sein am ein und zwanzigsten December. 1784 angekündigtes Problem einer Korrespondenz in ab- und unabsehbaren Weiten der Kriegsvorfälle, oder über Synthematographik...'' (Hanau, three volumes, 1785–88). * ''Ueber Signal-, Order- und Zielschreiberei in die Ferne... oder über Synthematographe und Telegraphe in der Vergleichung...'' (Francfort-sur-le-Main, 1795).


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bergstrasser, Johann Andreas Benignus German lepidopterists University of Jena alumni University of Halle alumni People from Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis 1732 births 1812 deaths 18th-century German zoologists 19th-century German zoologists German Lutherans German philologists