Joaquín Lluch y Garriga, OCD (22 February 1816 – 23 September 1882) was a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church who was bishop of the

Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; ) or Canaries are an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean and the southernmost Autonomous communities of Spain, Autonomous Community of Spain. They are located in the northwest of Africa, with the closest point to the cont ...

from 1858 to 1868, bishop of

Salamanca Salamanca () is a Municipality of Spain, municipality and city in Spain, capital of the Province of Salamanca, province of the same name, located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is located in the Campo Charro comarca, in the ...

from 1868 to 1874, bishop of

Barcelona Barcelona ( ; ; ) is a city on the northeastern coast of Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second-most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within c ...

from 1874 to 1877, and archbishop of

Seville Seville ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Spain, Spanish autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the Guadalquivir, River Guadalquivir, ...

from 1877 until his death in 1886. He was made a cardinal in 1882.

Biography

Joaquín Jacinto Lluch y Garriga was born in

Manresa Manresa () is the capital of Bages county, located in the central region of Catalonia, Spain. Crossed by the river Cardener, it is an industrial area with textile, metallurgical, and glass industries. The houses of Manresa are arranged aro ...

, Spain, on 22 February 1816. He studied in Manresa and after 1822 in Barcelona. He entered the order of

Discalced Carmelites The Discalced Carmelites, known officially as the Order of the Discalced Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel () or the Order of Discalced Carmelites (; abbreviation, abbrev.: OCD; sometimes called in earlier times, ), is a Catho ...

on 2 November 1830 and took his vows on 27 February 1832. In 1835, when the Spanish government began expropriating monasteries and forcing them to close, he left Spain and eventually settled in

Lucca Città di Lucca ( ; ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. The city has a population of about 89,000, while its Province of Lucca, province has a population of 383,9 ...

, where he completed his studies and was ordained a priest in 1838. In Lucca, he was master of novices and directed spiritual exercises; he taught philosophy, theology, and French. When the Italian governments suppressed the Carmelite monasteries, he returned to Barcelona in 1847 without the possibility of continuing to live a monastic life. He fulfilled pastoral assignments, worked as a professor and seminary administrator, and held leadership roles within the Carmelites.

Queen Isabel II Isabella II (, María Isabel Luisa de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904) was Queen of Spain from 1833 until her deposition in 1868. She is the only queen regnant in the history of unified Spain. Isabella wa ...

proposed him for bishop of the Canary Islands on 22 September 1858. He received his episcopal consecration on 12 December 1858 from Florentino Llorente Montón, Bishop of Girona. He was transferred to the see of Salamanca on 13 March 1868. He participated in the

First Vatican Council The First Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the First Vatican Council or Vatican I, was the 20th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, held three centuries after the preceding Council of Trent which was adjourned in 156 ...

in 1869-1870, where he proved one of the more eloquent spokesmen for conservatism. He advocated for requiring bishops to make pastoral visitation at least every three years and tried to soften language about the sins of the clergy. He was transferred to the see of Barcelona on 16 January 1874. King Alfonso XII proposed him for the archdiocese of Sevilla on 7 May 1877 and Pope Pius made the appointment on 22 June 1877.

Pope Leo XIII Pope Leo XIII (; born Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2March 181020July 1903) was head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 until his death in July 1903. He had the fourth-longest reign of any pope, behind those of Peter the Ap ...

made him a cardinal priest on 27 March 1882. He died six months later on 23 September 1882 in Umbrete, a village outside of Seville where the Archbishop's Palace served as his summer residence. He was interred in the chapel of Saint in the Cathedral of Seville. He had not travelled to Rome to receive his cardinal's red

galero A (plural: ; from , originally connoting a helmet made of skins; cf. '' galea'') is a broad-brimmed hat with tasselated strings which was worn by clergy in the Catholic Church. Over the centuries, the red ''galero'' was restricted to use by i ...

and be assigned his titular church.

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* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Lluch y Garriga, Joaquín 1816 births 1882 deaths People from Manresa Bishops of Salamanca Bishops of Barcelona Bishops of Seville Cardinals created by Pope Leo XIII Carmelite cardinals