Jiří Třanovský

Jiří Třanovský (, , ; 9 April 1592 – 29 May 1637), was a Lutheran priest and hymnwriter from the Cieszyn Silesia. Sometimes called the father of Slovak hymnody and the " Luther of the Slavs," Třanovský's name is sometimes anglicized to ''George Tranoscius''. Both the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada remember his life and work annually, on the anniversary of his death.

Life

Třanovský was born in Cieszyn, and studied at Guben and Kolberg. In 1607, he was admitted to the University of Wittenberg where Martin Luther had taught less than a century earlier. Upon graduation, he traveled in Bohemia proper and Silesia and in 1612 and became a teacher at St. Nicholas Gymnasium in Prague. Later, he became rector of a school in Holešov, Moravia.

In 1616 Třanovský was ordained a priest in Meziříčí and served as a pastor for four years. Persecution of Lutherans in Bohemia (after the Battle of White Mountain) under Ferdinand II forced him into exile. After imprisonment in 1623 and the deaths of two of his children from plague the following year, Třanovský accepted a call to be pastor to a church in Bielitz, Teschen Silesia. In 1627, he also became personal chaplain to Count Gáspár Illésházy.He was from the Hohenem dynasty which sought to establish a buffer state between Austrian lands and Old Swiss Confederacy, although citizens resented paying taxes to both the Holy Roman Empire and the Swabian League and the area which became Lichtenstein became embroiled in Thirty Years War beginning in 1618 From 1631 until 1637, Třanovský served as pastor at a church in Liptovský Svätý Mikuláš (Liptószentmiklós), Kingdom of Hungary (present-day Slovakia).

Třanovský appreciated poetry and hymns, and wrote as well as compiled both. In 1629, he published his first hymnal, oddly named in Latin ''Odarum Sacrarum sive Hymnorum Libri III'' ("Three Books of Sacred Odes or Hymns"). His most important and most famous work was ''Cithara Sanctorum'' ("Lyre of the Saints"), written in Czech, which appeared in 1636 in Levoča (Lőcse). This latter volume has formed the basis of Czech and Slovak Lutheran hymnody to the present day. Třanovský's hymnbook together with the '' Bible of Kralice'' (also in Czech) became the cornerstones of the Slovak Reformation. In 1620 Rev. Třanovský also translated the Augsburg Confession into Czech.

Třanovský died, aged forty-six, on 29 May 1637 and was buried in an unmarked grave at his church in Liptovský Mikuláš.

Varia

* Uncle of Třanovský's wife Anne was theologian Amandus Polanus.

See also

* Calendar of Saints (Lutheran)

Notes

References

* Daniel, David Paul, "Juraj Tranovsky: Slavic Hymnodist," ''The Lutheran Witness'', Vol. XCIX (1980), pp. 378–379

External links

Daniel Spratek, Jiří Třanovský - život, dílo a odkaz na rodném Těšínsku


Tercentenary of Jesus Church in Teschen, 2009-05-18

''Cithara Sanctorum''
Budapešť: Nákl. Kolomana Liptseyho, 1923. 846 p. - available at ULB's Digital Library

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tranovsky, Jiri
1592 births
1637 deaths
People from Cieszyn Silesia
People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar
Czech male classical composers
Czech poets
17th-century writers from Bohemia
Czech male poets
Czech Lutheran clergy
Baroque composers from Bohemia
University of Wittenberg alumni
17th-century classical composers
17th-century male musicians