Jirón Caylloma, also known as Jirón Cailloma, is a major

street A street is a public thoroughfare in a city, town or village, typically lined with Building, buildings on one or both sides. Streets often include pavements (sidewalks), pedestrian crossings, and sometimes amenities like Street light, streetligh ...

in the

Damero de Pizarro The Cercado de Lima ('Walled Lima'), Damero de Pizarro ('Pizarro's Checkerboard'), or Lima Cuadrada ('Squared Lima') is an area of the Historic Centre of Lima, historic center of Lima (capital of Peru) located within the Walls of Lima, old wall ...

, located in the

historic centre of Lima The Historic Centre of Lima () is the historic city centre of the city of Lima, the capital of Peru. Located in the city's districts of Lima and Rímac, both in the Rímac Valley, it consists of two areas: the first is the Monumental Zone est ...

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

. The street starts at its intersection with

Jirón Conde de Superunda Jirón Conde de Superunda, formerly Jirón Lima, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión, next to the Palacio Municipal de Lima ...

and continues until it reaches

Jirón Quilca Jirón Quilca is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Avenida Alfonso Ugarte, Alfonso Ugarte Avenue ...

. The street has housed important characters of the

republican history of Peru The history of Peru spans 15 millennia, extending back through several stages of cultural development along the country's desert coastline and in the Andes mountains. Peru's coast was home to the Norte Chico civilization, the oldest civilization i ...

, such as Colonel

Francisco Bolognesi Francisco Bolognesi Cervantes (4 November 1816 – 7 June 1880) was a Peruvian military colonel. He is considered a national hero in Peru and was declared patron of the Army of Peru by the government of Peru on 2 January 1951. Early life and ...

and poet

José Santos Chocano José Santos Chocano Gastañodi (May 14, 1875 – December 13, 1934), more commonly known by his pseudonym "El Cantor de América" (), was a Peruvian poet, writer and diplomat, whose work was widely praised across Europe and Latin America. Consid ...

History

The road that today constitutes the street was laid by

Francisco Pizarro Francisco Pizarro, Marquess of the Atabillos (; ; – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish ''conquistador'', best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire. Born in Trujillo, Cáceres, Trujillo, Spain, to a poor fam ...

when he founded the city of Lima on January 18, 1535. With the expansion of the Basilica and Convent of Santo Domingo, the street was enclosed alongside the jirón Santa. In 1862, when a new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was named jirón Caylloma, after the province of the same name. Prior to this renaming, each block (''cuadra'') had a unique name: *Block 1: Afligidos. According to

José Gálvez Barrenechea José Gálvez Barrenechea (7 August 1885 – 8 February 1957) was a Peruvian poet, writer, journalist, university professor, and politician. He was Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Peru), Minister of Justice, Worship and Instruction (1931) ...

, poet once wrote that a large number persons afflicted by an earthquake sought refuge in the street, while

José de la Riva-Agüero y Osma José de la Riva-Agüero y Osma, 6th Marquess of Montealegre de Aulestia and 5th of Casa-Dávila (26 February 1885 – 25 October 1944) was a Peruvian lawyer, historian, writer, essayist and politician who served as Prime Minister of Peru, Mini ...

believed that an image of a denomination of the same name brought from Spain was instead the source for the street's nomenclature. Colonel

was born on this street. His birthplace became a museum in 1975. *Block 2: Argandoña, after Domingo Gonzáles de Argandoña, treasurer of the

Cathedral of Lima The Basilica Cathedral of Lima, commonly known as the Metropolitan Cathedral of Lima, and formerly the Iglesia Metropolitana de los Reyes, is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Lima, Peru. It is the seat of the Archdiocese of Lima. Its construction b ...

, who lived there. *Block 3: Calonge, after José P. Calonge, teacher at the

University of San Marcos The National University of San Marcos (, UNMSM) is a public research university located in Lima, the capital of Peru. In the Americas, it is the first officially established ( privilege by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor) and the oldest continu ...

, who lived there. *Block 4: Puerta Falsa de la Comedia or Arévalo, the latter after a resident whose identity is disputed between Juan Arévalo de Espinosa (according to Luis A. Eguiguren) and Andrés de Arévalo Ballesteros (according to Juan Bromley), and the former after an entrance to a ''

corral de comedias ''Corral de comedias'' () is a type of open-air theatre specific to Spain. In Spanish all secular plays were called ''comedias'', which embraced three genres: tragedy, drama, and comedy itself. During the Spanish Golden Age, ''corrals'' became p ...

'' located there. *Block 5: Acequia Alta, after the ''

acequia An acequia () or (, also known as síquia , all from ) is a community-operated watercourse used in Spain and former Spanish colonies in the Americas for irrigation. Acequias are found in parts of Spain, the Andes, northern Mexico, and what i ...

'' that ran through its path. *Block 6: Villegas, most likely after retired captain José de Villegas, who owned a property there. *Block 7: Monopinta, for reasons unknown. The home of poet

is located in the former Argandoña street. The 479.58 m² building was built 1864-1865, inhabited by Chocano's family since 1874. He was born on May 14 of the following year. In 1922, while in a ceremony at the

Palacio de la Exposición The Palacio de la Exposición is a building on Colon Avenue in downtown Lima, Peru. It was constructed in the 19th century with the Park of the Exposition to house the International Exposition of Lima in 1872. Since 1957, it has been home to ...

with

Augusto B. Leguía Augusto Bernardino Leguía y Salcedo (19 February 1863 – 6 February 1932) was a Peruvian politician who served as President of Peru from 1908 to 1912 and from 1919 to 1930, the latter term known as the " Oncenio" after its eleven-year length. ...

, a plaque was placed in his home, the work of sculptor David Lozano. Also located in the street is the

Art Nouveau Art Nouveau ( ; ; ), Jugendstil and Sezessionstil in German, is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and ...

-decorated Pancorvo Building, named after the Pancorvo Brothers' company, who owned it. On October 28, 1823, José Olaya, a spy for the Patriot side of the

Peruvian War of Independence The Peruvian War of Independence () was a series of military conflicts in Peru from 1809 to 1826 that resulted in the country's independence from the Spanish Empire. Part of the broader Spanish American wars of independence, it led to the dis ...

, was captured carrying correspondence from

Callao Callao () is a Peruvian seaside city and Regions of Peru, region on the Pacific Ocean in the Lima metropolitan area. Callao is Peru's chief seaport and home to its main airport, Jorge Chávez International Airport. Callao municipality consists ...

, where

Antonio José de Sucre Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá (; 3 February 1795 – 4 June 1830), known as the "Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho" (), was a Venezuelan general and politician who served as the president of Bolivia from 1825 to 1828. A close friend and associate ...

was located. He was later executed on what became known as the

Pasaje Olaya Pasaje José Olaya is a pedestrian alleyway located in the Damero de Pizarro, next to the Plaza Mayor of Lima, Peru. It is the location of a statue of the same name, which was declared part of the Cultural heritage of Peru alongside the other st ...

. By 2012, the street was reported to be extremely dangerous at night due to its number of hostile homeless persons and criminals. The street saw two fires in 2023, the first took place in May as a result of a failed irregular vacancy attempt which led to 40 arrests, and the second one took place in October, close to the Casa de Bolognesi, after an illegal warehouse caught on fire.

References

Bibliography

* Caylloma Lima District Historic Centre of Lima {{DEFAULTSORT:Jirón Caylloma

History

See also

References

Bibliography