Jevíčko (; ) is a town in
Svitavy District
Svitavy District () is a district in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the town of Svitavy.
Administrative division
Svitavy District is divided into four administrative districts of municipalities with extended competenc ...
in the
Pardubice Region
Pardubice Region () is an administrative unit () of the Czech Republic, located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia, with a small part in northwestern Moravia. It is named after its capital Pardubice. As an administrat ...
of the
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...
. It has about 2,800 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an
urban monument zone.
Administrative division
Jevíčko consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
*Jevíčko (2,678)
*Zadní Arnoštov (64)
Geography
Jevíčko is located about southeast of
Svitavy
Svitavy (; ) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. It is the birthplace of Oskar Schindler and the centre of the Czech Esperanto movement. The historic town centre is well pr ...
and north of
Brno
Brno ( , ; ) is a Statutory city (Czech Republic), city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava (river), Svitava and Svratka (river), Svratka rivers, Brno has about 403,000 inhabitants, making ...
. The eastern part of the municipal territory with the town proper lies in the
Boskovice Furrow
Boskovice (; ) is a town in Blansko District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 13,000 inhabitants. The area of the historic town centre, Jewish quarter, château complex and castle ruin is well preserved and is protec ...
depression. The western part extends into the
Orlické Foothills and includes the highest point of Jevíčko, the hill Křenovské hradisko at above sea level.
Jevíčko is situated on the stream Malonínský potok. The stream flows into the Jevíčka River, which partly forms the eastern border of the municipal territory. North of the town is the Finsterl Deep, an artificially created body of water with islands and peninsulas serving as a biocentre.
History
Jevíčko was founded in the first half of the 13th century on the trade route from
Olomouc
Olomouc (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the Statutory city (Czech Republic), sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.
Located on the Morava (rive ...
to
Prague
Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...
. The first written mention of Jevíčko is from 1249. In 1258, Jevíčko was promoted to a royal town by King
Ottokar II. It was owned by the kings until 1499.
The town had a significant
Jewish
Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...
community. The community began to form from the 15th century and in the mid-19th century, Jews made up a third of the population.
Demographics
Transport
There are no railways or major roads passing through the town.
Sights
Jevíčko centre has preserved the medieval layout of the streets with Palackého Square in the middle. The centre was delimited by stone town walls built in the 14th century, whose fragments are still visible. The originally Gothic town tower has been also preserved and nowadays serves as an observation tower. It was raised to a height of in 1593.
The former Augustinian monastery was founded in the 14th century and abolished in 1784. Today a part of the premises houses the Town Museum. The adjacent Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary was built in 1762–1766. It has valuable Baroque interiors. The second church in the town is the Church of Saint Bartholomew, a small Neo-Gothic cemetery church from 1936.
[
The former synagogue was built in 1794 and replaced a wooden synagogue destroyed by fire in 1747. Today the building serves cultural and religious purposes.][
The Renaissance castle was built in 1559 and rebuilt in 18th century to it current form. Nowadays it houses a library and a school.][
]
Notable people
* Cyril Napp (1792–1867), Augustinian abbot
* Richard Fall (1882–1945), Austrian composer and conductor
*Julius Mackerle
Julius Mackerle (18 June 1909 – 11 September 1988) was a Czech inventor and automobile engineer.
Life
Julius Mackerle was born in Jevíčko, Austria-Hungary in 1909. His father, Julius, owned a brick works firm in Jevíčko and his brother Jaro ...
(1909–1988), inventor and automobile engineer
*František Lízna
František Lízna (11 July 1941 – 4 March 2021) was a Czech Jesuit priest.
Biography
He was born in a Moravian town Jevíčko to Ukrainian mother and Czech father. He was a recipient of the Order of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk.
He died on ...
(1941–2021), Jesuit priest
Twin towns – sister cities
Jevíčko is twinned with:
* Abasha, Georgia
* Martvili
Martvili ( ka, მარტვილი) is a small town in Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti province of Western Georgia. Its monastery was Samegrelo's clerical centre in the Middle Ages. Under Soviet rule, from 1936 to 1990, it was named Gegechkori after ...
, Georgia
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jevicko
Cities and towns in the Czech Republic
Populated places in Svitavy District