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Jevrem Brković (; 29 December 1933 – 24 January 2021) was a Montenegrin poet, writer, journalist, dissident and historian. Brković was one of the founders and member of
Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts The Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts ( Montenegrin and Serbian: Dukljanska akademija nauka i umjetnosti, DANU / Дукљанска академија наука и уметности'', ''ДАНУ; Latin ''Academia Dioclitiana Scientiarum et ...
(DANU), a parallel scholars' academy in Montenegro, disputed by the national
Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts ( sh-Cyrl, Црногорска академија наука и умјетности, ЦАНУ; ) is the most important scientific institution of Montenegro. History It was founded in 1973 as the Montene ...
(CANU), parallel academy dissolved in 2015 with its membership, including Brković rejoined CANU.


Biography

He was born in the Seoca village near
Podgorica Podgorica ( cnr-Cyrl, Подгорица; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Montenegro, largest city of Montenegro. The city is just north of Lake Skadar and close to coastal destinations on the Adriatic Sea. Histor ...
, Zeta Banate,
Kingdom of Yugoslavia The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a country in Southeast Europe, Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 to 1929, it was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, but the term "Yugoslavia" () h ...
. Brković worked as a journalist at the Radio Titograd and was a deputy editor of the magazine "Ovdje". Brković spent his early life in
Belgrade, Serbia Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...
, then capital city of
Socialist Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (commonly abbreviated as SFRY or SFR Yugoslavia), known from 1945 to 1963 as the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as Socialist Yugoslavia or simply Yugoslavia, was a country ...
. In 1975 he was the recipient of the "13 July prize", the most prestigious Montenegrin national annual award. While in Belgrade, Brković promoted
civil disobedience Civil disobedience is the active and professed refusal of a citizenship, citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders, or commands of a government (or any other authority). By some definitions, civil disobedience has to be nonviolent to be cal ...
and supported free society. A romantic poet of the same league, he intimately befriended
Matija Bećković Matija Bećković ( sr-Cyrl, Матија Бећковић, ; born 29 November 1939) is a Serbian poet, writer and academic. Life Bećković was born in Senta, in the multiethnic province of Vojvodina (then Danube Banate, Kingdom of Yugoslavia) ...
and
Radovan Karadžić Radovan Karadžić ( sr-Cyrl, Радован Караџић, ; born 19 June 1945) is a Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnian Serb politician who was convicted of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes by the International Criminal ...
, though he would later become their most harsh critic. During the
Yugoslav wars The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related#Naimark, Naimark (2003), p. xvii. ethnic conflicts, wars of independence, and Insurgency, insurgencies that took place from 1991 to 2001 in what had been the Socialist Federal Republic of ...
in the 1990s he affected a pro-Montenegrin attitude and his views were described as being
anti-establishment An anti-establishment view or belief is one which stands in opposition to the conventional social, political, and economic principles of a society. The term was first used in the modern sense in 1958 by the British magazine ''New Statesman'' ...
. He was also a critic of the government led by
Milo Đukanović Milo Đukanović (, ; born 15 February 1962) is a Montenegrin politician who served as the President of Montenegro from 2018 to 2023, previously serving in the role from 1998 to 2002. He also served as the Prime Minister of Montenegro (1991–19 ...
. In 1994, due to Đukanovic's pressure and political persecutions, Brković left Montenegro for
Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...
where he stayed for some time. While in Croatia he studied the research of the historian
Savić Marković Štedimlija Savić Marković Štedimlija ( sr-cyrl, Савић Марковић Штедимлија; 12 January 1906 – 25 January 1971) was a Montenegrin writer. He studied the history of Croatia and was an associate of the Lexicographic Institute in Zagr ...
and Croatian historian Ivo Pilar. In 1999 he returned to Montenegro, when, in his words, "Montenegro once again became Montenegrin". He was since a strong supporter of Montenegrin independence from the state union of
Serbia and Montenegro The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro or simply Serbia and Montenegro, known until 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and commonly referred to as FR Yugoslavia (FRY) or simply Yugoslavia, was a country in Southeast Europe locate ...
. The same year Brković became the founder and first president of the
Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts The Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts ( Montenegrin and Serbian: Dukljanska akademija nauka i umjetnosti, DANU / Дукљанска академија наука и уметности'', ''ДАНУ; Latin ''Academia Dioclitiana Scientiarum et ...
, a non-governmental cultural organization in Montenegro, dedicated to Štedimlija's research of Montenegrins' true original Red Croat identity and to proving that Montenegrins are not related to the Serbs. Seen as an organization paired to the official
Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts ( sh-Cyrl, Црногорска академија наука и умјетности, ЦАНУ; ) is the most important scientific institution of Montenegro. History It was founded in 1973 as the Montene ...
which it reckons is pro-Serb and pro-establishment, among others, at around the same time, he became the editor of ''Crnogorski književni list'' (Montenegrin Literary Paper) also known as ''CKL'' that is published in Montenegrin,
Serbian Serbian may refer to: * Pertaining to Serbia in Southeast Europe; in particular **Serbs, a South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans ** Serbian language ** Serbian culture **Demographics of Serbia, includes other ethnic groups within the co ...
, Bosnian and
Croatian language Croatian (; ) is the standard language, standardised Variety (linguistics)#Standard varieties, variety of the Serbo-Croatian pluricentric language mainly used by Croats. It is the national official language and literary standard of Croatia, o ...
. He was praised and criticized for his frequent activism and role as Montenegrin independentist and liberty sympathizer and honest patriot and cosmopolitan, his enemies mostly calling him an "'' Ustaša''" because of his opposition to
Serbian nationalism Serbian nationalism asserts that Serbs are a nation and promotes the cultural and political unity of Serbs. It is an ethnic nationalism, originally arising in the context of the general rise of nationalism in the Balkans under Ottoman rule, ...
. His works were also praised and criticized for his satirical humour and due to frequent use of obscene and vulgar language. In 2001, his organization, the
Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts The Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts ( Montenegrin and Serbian: Dukljanska akademija nauka i umjetnosti, DANU / Дукљанска академија наука и уметности'', ''ДАНУ; Latin ''Academia Dioclitiana Scientiarum et ...
, actively campaigned for the election of "Coalition for an Independent Montenegro". On October 24, 2006 Brković and his driver and bodyguard Srđan Vojičić were attacked by three armed men. Vojičić was shot dead, while Brković escaped with mild injuries, The reason for the attack was his latest book, ''Ljubavnik Duklje'' (The Doclean Lover), in which he ridiculed people from contemporary Montenegrin public life such as close friends of
Milo Đukanović Milo Đukanović (, ; born 15 February 1962) is a Montenegrin politician who served as the President of Montenegro from 2018 to 2023, previously serving in the role from 1998 to 2002. He also served as the Prime Minister of Montenegro (1991–19 ...
. Brković died on 24 January 2021 at the age of 87.


Personal life

His son, Balša Brković is also a notable Montenegrin writer., while his grandson Brajan Brković lives in Serbia and is the vice president of the
Novi Sad Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; #Name, see below for other names) is the List of cities in Serbia, second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pannoni ...
branch of the
Party of Freedom and Justice The Party of Freedom and Justice (, abbr. SSP) is a social democratic List of political parties in Serbia, political party in Serbia. It is led by Dragan Đilas. Founded in 2019 as the merger of the Green Ecological Party – The Greens and Se ...
.


Works


Poetry

* Testaments * Highlands Country * Highlands Homer is dead * Sons of Bitches * Ancient fog around the home * Komite ballads


Novels

* Pantelej on a cornel * Duke's men * Black spots * Monigrens * Stone-cutters * The Lover of Doclea


Philosophical works

* The anatomy of a
Stalinist Stalinism (, ) is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin and in Soviet satellite states between 1944 and 1953. Stalinism in ...
's moral * Mine fields of the esthetics * The destroyed face of democracy * Glossary * Foundation and destroying of the Ozrović house


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brkovic, Jevrem 1933 births 2021 deaths Writers from Podgorica 20th-century Montenegrin writers Montenegrin male writers Montenegrin politicians Dissidents Anti-war activists Members of the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts Montenegrin nationalists