Jesús de Cárdenas Duarte was the Governor of

Tamaulipas Tamaulipas, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tamaulipas, is a state in Mexico; one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 43 municipalities. It is located in nor ...

and the President of the

Republic of the Rio Grande The Republic of the Rio Grande () was one of a series of political movements in what was then the Centralist Republic of Mexico, which sought to become independent from the authoritarian, unitary government of Antonio López de Santa Anna; t ...

. After

Coahuila Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Coahuila de Zaragoza, is one of the 31 states of Mexico. The largest city and State Capital is the city of Saltillo; the second largest is Torreón and the thi ...

Nuevo León Nuevo León, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Nuevo León, is a Administrative divisions of Mexico, state in northeastern Mexico. The state borders the Mexican states of Tamaulipas, Coahuila, Zacatecas, and San Luis Potosí, San Luis ...

and

declared independence in October 1838 and formally organized their provisional government on January 18, 1839 with Jesús de Cárdenas as President, the January 28, 1839 supporters of the rebellion placed the flag of this republic in the town square of Guerrero,

and every man went under the banner of the proclaimed

to kiss the flag as a sign of loyalty. And after a campaign by the inner federalist entities

and

, their leaders agreed to hold a convention in Laredo,

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

on January 17, 1840, which declared independence from

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

and established provisionally the capital of the Republic of the Rio Grande in Laredo, Texas. The Republic of Rio Grande claimed as its territory the areas of Tamaulipas and Coahuila to the north until the Nueces river and Medina respectively, and all the states of

Zacatecas Zacatecas, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Zacatecas, is one of the Political divisions of Mexico, 31 states of Mexico. It is divided into Municipalities of Zacatecas, 58 municipalities and its capital city is Zacatecas City, Zacatec ...

Durango Durango, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Durango, is one of the 31 states which make up the Political divisions of Mexico, 32 Federal Entities of Mexico, situated in the northwest portion of the country. With a population of 1,832,650 ...

, Chihuahua and Nuevo México, among those present were appointed official representatives of the

.Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)
/ref> Currently in Laredo, Texas is a small museum about the "Republic of the Rio Grande" in the Plaza Zaragoza, one block away from the border with

. The museum is located approximately where the seat of government of the Republic was located, and includes the display of a replica of the flag that flew there, it being assumed that the original flag was probably captured by the centralist Mexican Army, and perhaps it is in the Museum Chapultepec.

Government

* Jesús de Cárdenas,

president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

. * Antonio Canales, commander-in-chief of the

army An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by ...

. * Juan Nepomuceno Molano, council representative for Tamaulipas. * Francisco Vidaurri y Villaseñor, council representative for Coahuila. * Manuel María de Llano, council representative for Nuevo León. *

José María Jesús Carbajal José María Jesús Carbajal (1809–1874) (also spelled Carvajal, Caravajal, Carabajal, and Carbahal) was a Mexican Tejano who opposed the Centralist government installed by Antonio López de Santa Anna, but was a conscientious objector who refus ...

, council secretary.

Unrecognized Independence

* October 11, 1838, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas, declared their independence. * January 18, 1839, the government organized, displaying, and rendering honors to the new flag in the Plaza de Ciudad Guerrero, Tamaulipas.

Uprisings

was attacked Antonio Zapata in prison "Agua Verde" and captured on March 15 near

Santa Rita de Morelos Santa Claus (also known as Saint Nicholas, Saint Nick, Father Christmas, Kris Kringle or Santa) is a legendary figure originating in Western Christian culture who is said to bring gifts during the late evening and overnight hours on Christma ...

Antonio Canales de Rosillo Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language–speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular m ...

to learn came to his aid, being also defeated by General

Mariano Arista José Mariano Martín Buenaventura Ignacio Nepomuceno García de Arista Nuez (26 July 1802 – 7 August 1855) was a Mexican soldier and politician who also became president of Mexico. He was in command of the Mexican forces at the opening batt ...

, near Morelos. Zapata and some Americans who fought at his side were taken near

Monclova Monclova (), is a city and the seat of the surrounding municipality of the same name in the northern Mexican state of Coahuila. According to the 2015 census, the city had 231,107 inhabitants. Its metropolitan area has 381,432 inhabitants and ...

and shot.

with little remaining troops retreated to San Antonio, Texas, while Jesus de Cardenas and the caretaker cabinet of the Republic of Rio Grande fled to

Victoria Victoria most commonly refers to: * Queen Victoria (1819–1901), Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India * Victoria (state), a state of Australia * Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, a provincial capital * Victoria, Seychelles, the capi ...

, Texas. They traveled through Texas for help, was in Austin, Houston and San Patricio, where he reorganized his army, composed at that time by 300 Mexicans, 140 Americans and 80 Indians, although their number was increasing daily. The main leader of the Americans was Colonel Jordan, who on June 90 assigned men to be in the vanguard of the army of Rio Grande. They moved down the inside of Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria without taking a single battle, minions of Jordania treacherous driving to San Luis Potosi, but Colonel suspecting treachery, changed direction and marched towards

Saltillo Saltillo () is the capital and largest city of the northeastern Mexican state of Coahuila and is also the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name. Mexico City, Monterrey, and Saltillo are all connected by a major railroad and high ...

. There, on October 25, 1840 were attacked by the troops of the centralist General Rafael Vásquez and although many of his men deserted, managed to fight back and return to

. In November 1840 a commission of

met the General

to surrender in Camargo and finally

was joined to the centralist army of Mexico as an officer and the rebel states rejoined Mexico. The Republic of Rio Grande only lasted 283 days.

References

External links

Periódico Zócalo
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cardenas, Jesus de Presidents of the Republic of the Río Grande Governors of Tamaulipas Year of birth missing Year of death missing