'' Jesus of Lübeck'' was a
carrack
A carrack (; ; ) is a three- or four- masted ocean-going sailing ship that was developed in the 14th to 15th centuries in Europe, most notably in Portugal and Spain. Evolving from the single-masted cog, the carrack was first used for Europea ...
built in the
Free City of Lübeck
Free may refer to:
Concept
* Freedom, the ability to act or change without constraint or restriction
* Emancipate, attaining civil and political rights or equality
* Free (gratis), Free (''gratis''), free of charge
* Gratis versus libre, the di ...
in the early 16th century.
English fleet
Around 1540 the ship, which had mostly been used for representative purposes, was acquired by
Henry VIII
Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is known for his Wives of Henry VIII, six marriages and his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. ...
, King of England, to augment his fleet.
The ship saw action during the
French invasion of the Isle of Wight in 1545. She, along with ''Samson'', was used in an unsuccessful attempt to raise Henry VIII’s flagship, ''
Mary Rose
The ''Mary Rose'' was a carrack in the English Tudor navy of Henry VIII of England, King Henry VIII. She was launched in 1511 and served for 34 years in several wars against France, Scotland, and Brittany. After being substantially rebuilt in ...
'', after she foundered during the
Battle of the Solent
The naval Battle of the Solent took place on 18 and 19 July 1545 during the Italian Wars, between the fleets of Francis I of France and Henry VIII of England, in the Solent, between Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. This was one of only two ful ...
.
Slaving vessel
In 1563, ''Jesus of Lübeck'' was
chartered to a group of merchants by
Queen Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. She was the last and longest reigning monarch of the House of Tudor. Her eventful reign, and its effect on history ...
, becoming involved in the
Atlantic slave trade
The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of Slavery in Africa, enslaved African people to the Americas. European slave ships regularly used the triangular trade route and its Middle Pass ...
and
smuggling
Smuggling is the illegal transportation of objects, substances, information or people, such as out of a house or buildings, into a prison, or across an international border, in violation of applicable laws or other regulations. More broadly, soc ...
under
John Hawkins, who organized four slave voyages to West Africa and the West Indies between 1562 and 1568.
During the last voyage, ''Jesus'', along with several other English ships, encountered a Spanish fleet off
San Juan de Ulúa
San Juan de Ulúa, now known as Castle of San Juan de Ulúa, is a large complex of fortresses, prisons and one former palace on an island of the same name in the Gulf of Mexico overlooking the seaport of Veracruz, Mexico. Juan de Grijalva' ...
(modern day
Vera Cruz, Mexico) in September 1568. In the
resulting battle, ''Jesus'' was disabled and captured by Spanish forces. The heavily damaged ship was later sold for 601
ducat
The ducat ( ) coin was used as a trade coin in Europe from the later Middle Ages to the 19th century. Its most familiar version, the gold ducat or sequin containing around of 98.6% fine gold, originated in Venice in 1284 and gained wide inter ...
s to a local merchant.
Bibliography
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External links
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Jesus of Lubeck
16th-century ships
London slave ships
Ships built in Lübeck
Ships of the English navy