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Prince Jerzy Radziwiłł (; 31 May 1556 – 21 January 1600) was a Polish–Lithuanian magnate and Imperial Reichsfürst from the Radziwiłł family. He was ordained a Catholic priest and later rose through the ranks as Bishop of Vilnius eventually becoming a
*"Diary of a trip to Italy in 1575." Wierzbowski diary published in Latin in 1899.
*The Notebook ... from 1556 to 1575, ed. T. Wierzbowski, Warsaw 1899, ''Library of Forgotten Polish poets and prose writers of the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries'', Volume 12 (description in English. Livonia to join Latin Polish)
*Official trip to Italy ... in 1575 (in Polish. Latin), ed. H. Barycz Historical Quarterly 1935-copy manuscript: Czartoryski Library No. 2242, pp. 369–379.
*Letters to the pope, the Nuncio (Possewina?) And the Secretariat of State in the years 1575–1591, manuscripts Archives Vatican (news reported P. Savio "De actis Nuntiaturae Poloniae quae partem Archivi Secretariatus constituunt status", the Vatican in 1947, Theological Studies XIII, page 104 -106, 121.
*Individual letters from the years 1582–1583 to A. Bolognettiego and A. Possewina, ed. E. Kuntze and C. Nanke, Poloniae Monumenta Vaticana, Volume 5 (1923/1933), E. Kuntze Poloniae Monumenta Vaticana, Vol 6 (1938)
*The S. Sokolowski, dates. 2 August 1583 in Riga, ed. F. Bracha "Science S. Sokolowski has the characteristics of the true church," Our past 1947, vol 2, p 133.
*Letters from the years 1587–1597 to the Duke of Mantua, manuscripts Archivio di Stato in Mantua (news reported E. Czapski "Documents anglais dans les archives des Gonzagues à Mantoue", ''Antemurale'' (Rome), Vol 3 (1956).
*Single list of the years 1578, 1581 to 1583 from: Stefan Batory, A. Bolognettiego, Gregory XIII, ed. L. Boratyński ''Poloniae Monumenta Vaticana'', Volume 4 (1915), E. Kuntze and C. Nanke, ''Monumenta Vaticana Poloniae'', Vol 5 (1923/1933), E. Kuntze ''Poloniae Monumenta Vaticana'', Vol 6 (1938).
*More than a dozen letters from the years 1578–1585 by J. Zamoyski, Ref.No. W. Nehring "Letters to the Radziwill Jan Zamoyski of the 1574–1602" ''Historical Quarterly'' 1890.
*From P. Complaints dates. 13 January 1588 in Kraków, ed. WA Maciejowski ''Polish Literature'', Vol 3 extra, Warszawa 1852, pp. 181–183.
*From Sigismund III, dates. 18 July in Kraków, 14 December 1588 from genista, ed. JU Niemcewicz Collection of historical memoirs of former Polszcze, Volume 2, Warsaw 1822, pp. 466–469.
*From Sigismund III, dates. 11 March 1592 in Kraków, ed. T. Wierzbowski ''Materials on the history of Polish literature'', Volume 1, Warszawa 1900, pp. 301–302.
*Letter from Garsias Alabianusa, dates. in Cracow, 4 June 1595 and the three documents concerning the visit of bishops from the years 1594 to 1599, Ref.No. F. Machay pastoral activity Radziwill Cardinal, Bishop of Cracow (1591–1600), Kraków 1936
For extra knowledge of letters and materials, see.: F. Machay pastoral activity Cardinal Radziwill, Bishop of Cracow (1591–1600), Kraków 1936 extra, O. Halecki "From florence to Brest (1439–1596)," ''The Sacred Poloniae Millennium'', t 5 (1958).
Portrait of Cardinal Georgius Radzivil, Radvila
{{DEFAULTSORT:Radziwill, Jerzy Ecclesiastical senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1556 births 1600 deaths Bishops of Kraków Bishops of Vilnius Bishops appointed by Pope Gregory XIV Bishops appointed by Pope Gregory XIII 16th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Poland 16th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Lithuania 16th-century Polish cardinals Cardinals created by Pope Gregory XIII Polish–Lithuanian cardinals Diplomats of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Converts to Roman Catholicism from Calvinism Jerzy 16th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Ambassadors of Poland to Austria Leipzig University alumni
cardinal
Cardinal or The Cardinal most commonly refers to
* Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds
**''Cardinalis'', genus of three species in the family Cardinalidae
***Northern cardinal, ''Cardinalis cardinalis'', the common cardinal of ...
. He was a close friend and adviser of King Sigismund III and represented his interests in front of the Pope
The pope is the bishop of Rome and the Head of the Church#Catholic Church, visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. He is also known as the supreme pontiff, Roman pontiff, or sovereign pontiff. From the 8th century until 1870, the po ...
.
Raised a Calvinist
Reformed Christianity, also called Calvinism, is a major branch of Protestantism that began during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. In the modern day, it is largely represented by the Continental Reformed Protestantism, Continenta ...
, Radziwiłł was educated at the University of Leipzig
Leipzig University (), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 December 1409 by Frederick I, Electo ...
. In 1572 he converted to Catholicism
The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
and became associated with the Jesuits
The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order (Catholic), religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rom ...
. He continued to study at Jesuit colleges in Poznań
Poznań ( ) is a city on the Warta, River Warta in west Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business center and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John's ...
, Vilnius
Vilnius ( , ) is the capital of and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city in Lithuania and the List of cities in the Baltic states by population, most-populous city in the Baltic states. The city's estimated January 2025 population w ...
, and Rome
Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...
. Radziwiłł began his duties as Bishop of Vilnius in 1579. He established Vilnius Seminary in the family palace (called Kardynalia Palace after him) and helped to obtain university status for the Jesuit Academy in Vilnius. He was ordained to the priesthood (10 April 1583) and was not consecrated bishop until 26 December 1583. He was elevated to the cardinalate by Pope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII (, , born Ugo Boncompagni; 7 January 1502 – 10 April 1585) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 May 1572 to his death in April 1585. He is best known for commissioning and being the namesake ...
only on 12 December 1583 and was assigned the ''titulus'' of S. Sisto on 14 July 1586. He did not participate in the 1585 papal conclave, which elected Pope Sixtus V; or the September 1590 papal conclave, which elected Pope Urban VII; or the October–December 1590 papal conclave, which elected Pope Gregory XIV. In 1591, he became Bishop of Kraków. He did participate in the 1591 papal conclave, which elected Pope Innocent IX; and in the 1592 papal conclave, which elected Pope Clement VIII
Pope Clement VIII (; ; 24 February 1536 – 3 March 1605), born Ippolito Aldobrandini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 30 January 1592 to his death in March 1605.
Born in Fano, Papal States to a prominen ...
.
Radziwiłł was also involved in political life. He served as deputy administrator (''namiestnik'') of Polish Livonia (Inflanty) from 1582 until 1585. He participated in the 1587 election of King Sigismund III Vasa and became his trusted adviser. Radziwiłł supported the Third Statute of Lithuania (1588) and the Union of Brest (1596).
He came to Rome to participate in the Jubilee of 1600, but died in Rome on 21 January and was buried in the Church of the Gesu.V. Forcella, ''Inscrizione delle chiese di Roma'' X, p. 463, no. 746.
Works
*"Diary of a trip to Italy in 1575." Wierzbowski diary published in Latin in 1899.
*The Notebook ... from 1556 to 1575, ed. T. Wierzbowski, Warsaw 1899, ''Library of Forgotten Polish poets and prose writers of the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries'', Volume 12 (description in English. Livonia to join Latin Polish)
*Official trip to Italy ... in 1575 (in Polish. Latin), ed. H. Barycz Historical Quarterly 1935-copy manuscript: Czartoryski Library No. 2242, pp. 369–379.
*Letters to the pope, the Nuncio (Possewina?) And the Secretariat of State in the years 1575–1591, manuscripts Archives Vatican (news reported P. Savio "De actis Nuntiaturae Poloniae quae partem Archivi Secretariatus constituunt status", the Vatican in 1947, Theological Studies XIII, page 104 -106, 121.
*Individual letters from the years 1582–1583 to A. Bolognettiego and A. Possewina, ed. E. Kuntze and C. Nanke, Poloniae Monumenta Vaticana, Volume 5 (1923/1933), E. Kuntze Poloniae Monumenta Vaticana, Vol 6 (1938)
*The S. Sokolowski, dates. 2 August 1583 in Riga, ed. F. Bracha "Science S. Sokolowski has the characteristics of the true church," Our past 1947, vol 2, p 133.
*Letters from the years 1587–1597 to the Duke of Mantua, manuscripts Archivio di Stato in Mantua (news reported E. Czapski "Documents anglais dans les archives des Gonzagues à Mantoue", ''Antemurale'' (Rome), Vol 3 (1956).
*Single list of the years 1578, 1581 to 1583 from: Stefan Batory, A. Bolognettiego, Gregory XIII, ed. L. Boratyński ''Poloniae Monumenta Vaticana'', Volume 4 (1915), E. Kuntze and C. Nanke, ''Monumenta Vaticana Poloniae'', Vol 5 (1923/1933), E. Kuntze ''Poloniae Monumenta Vaticana'', Vol 6 (1938).
*More than a dozen letters from the years 1578–1585 by J. Zamoyski, Ref.No. W. Nehring "Letters to the Radziwill Jan Zamoyski of the 1574–1602" ''Historical Quarterly'' 1890.
*From P. Complaints dates. 13 January 1588 in Kraków, ed. WA Maciejowski ''Polish Literature'', Vol 3 extra, Warszawa 1852, pp. 181–183.
*From Sigismund III, dates. 18 July in Kraków, 14 December 1588 from genista, ed. JU Niemcewicz Collection of historical memoirs of former Polszcze, Volume 2, Warsaw 1822, pp. 466–469.
*From Sigismund III, dates. 11 March 1592 in Kraków, ed. T. Wierzbowski ''Materials on the history of Polish literature'', Volume 1, Warszawa 1900, pp. 301–302.
*Letter from Garsias Alabianusa, dates. in Cracow, 4 June 1595 and the three documents concerning the visit of bishops from the years 1594 to 1599, Ref.No. F. Machay pastoral activity Radziwill Cardinal, Bishop of Cracow (1591–1600), Kraków 1936
For extra knowledge of letters and materials, see.: F. Machay pastoral activity Cardinal Radziwill, Bishop of Cracow (1591–1600), Kraków 1936 extra, O. Halecki "From florence to Brest (1439–1596)," ''The Sacred Poloniae Millennium'', t 5 (1958).
References
External links
Portrait of Cardinal Georgius Radzivil, Radvila
{{DEFAULTSORT:Radziwill, Jerzy Ecclesiastical senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1556 births 1600 deaths Bishops of Kraków Bishops of Vilnius Bishops appointed by Pope Gregory XIV Bishops appointed by Pope Gregory XIII 16th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Poland 16th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Lithuania 16th-century Polish cardinals Cardinals created by Pope Gregory XIII Polish–Lithuanian cardinals Diplomats of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Converts to Roman Catholicism from Calvinism Jerzy 16th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Ambassadors of Poland to Austria Leipzig University alumni