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Jerolim Miše (25 September 1890 – 14 September 1970), was a Croatian painter, teacher, and art critic. He painted portraits, still lifes and landscapes of his native
Dalmatia Dalmatia (; ; ) is a historical region located in modern-day Croatia and Montenegro, on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea. Through time it formed part of several historical states, most notably the Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Croatia (925 ...
. A member of the Group of Three, Group of Four, and the Independent Group of Artists. In addition to being an exhibiting artist, Jerolim Miše taught and encouraged other artists for over 60 years, wrote articles and critiqued visual arts. As both a painter and a critic, he made an enormous contribution to modern art in Croatia.


Biography

Jerolim Miše was born on 25 September 1890 in Split. He began to study painting at the craft school in Split, then attended the Academy of Fine Arts, Zagreb, but moved to Rome, and finally Florence where he completed his formal training at the Accademia Internazionale. The move to Rome came after an incident where he published criticism of his teacher Menci Clement Crnčić in the paper Zvono. During his time in Italy (1891–1914), he wrote critiques and reviews of the Italian contemporary arts scene for newspapers and journals back home. He continued to write and publish stimulating articles about the visual arts scene right though his life built up a reputation as an articulate and well informed critic. On the eve of the
First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
, Miše returned to Split. During the war he was conscripted, and afterwards spent a number of years (1917–1937) teaching in schools in
Krapina Krapina (; ) is a town in northern Croatia and the administrative centre of Krapina-Zagorje County with a population of 4,482 (2011) and a total municipality population of 12,480 (2011). Krapina is located in the hilly Zagorje region of Croatia ...
,
Slavonski Brod Slavonski Brod (, ), commonly shortened to simply Brod, is a city in eastern Croatia, near the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. Being one of the principal cities in the historical regions of Slavonia and Posavina, Slavonski Brod is the 7th lar ...
and
Zagreb Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the ...
. His first solo exhibition was held in 1914 in Split, and from 1917 he participated in the exhibitions of the Spring Salon in Zagreb. During the period 1921-1927 he exhibited with the Independent Group of Artists (''Grupa nezavisnih umjetnika'') whose other members were
Ljubo Babić Ljubomir Tito Stjepan Babić (14 June 1890 – 14 May 1974) was a Croatian artist, museum curator and literary critic. As an artist, he worked in a variety of media including oils, tempera, watercolour, drawing, etching, and lithography. He wa ...
, Vladimir Becić, Jozo Kljaković, Frano Kršinić, Ivan Meštrović, Marin Studin,
Zlatko Šulentić Zlatko Šulentić (16 March 1893 – 9 July 1971) was a Croatian Painting, painter of landscapes and portraits. He was one of the second generation of Croatian modern painters, a follower of the Croatian art of the 20th century#Munich Circle, Mu ...
and Vladimir Varlaj. In 1928, he was part of the Group of Four (''Grupa četvorice'') with (Ljubo Babić, Vladimir Becić and Maksimilijan Vanka) and from 1929 the Group of Three (''Grupa Trojice'') which consisted of himself,
Ljubo Babić Ljubomir Tito Stjepan Babić (14 June 1890 – 14 May 1974) was a Croatian artist, museum curator and literary critic. As an artist, he worked in a variety of media including oils, tempera, watercolour, drawing, etching, and lithography. He wa ...
and Vladimir Becić. He exhibited abroad in group exhibits in Paris (1919) and London (1930). In 1922 he undertook a study tour of Munich, Berlin and Dresden, where he got to know the work of the old masters, and Cézanne. He visited Paris in 1925 and 1929, events that were crucial in forming his mature artistic style. He painted many portraits, self-portraits and still lifes. He immortalized the landscape of Brač, Šolta, Krk, Korčula and the Dubrovnik region. In 1937, he went to teach at the Academy of Art in
Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...
, until 1943 when he moved to the Academy of Fine Arts, Zagreb where he worked until his retirement in 1961. Jerolim Miše died on 14 September 1970 in Split.


Legacy

While studying in Rome and Florence, Miše was more interested in art theory than practice, spending time with the Rome avant-garde circle, questioning issues such as Viennese
secession Secession is the formal withdrawal of a group from a Polity, political entity. The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal i ...
as opposed to Italian
futurism Futurism ( ) was an Art movement, artistic and social movement that originated in Italy, and to a lesser extent in other countries, in the early 20th century. It emphasized dynamism, speed, technology, youth, violence, and objects such as the ...
and post- cubist trends. There, he also spent time with fellow Split native Ivan Meštrović. However, Miše’s painting from that period do not show the influence of
Art Nouveau Art Nouveau ( ; ; ), Jugendstil and Sezessionstil in German, is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and ...
secessionist linearism nor heroic mythology. His motifs are simple, the content minimalist. Miše's early work consisted mainly of portraits, but he later developed into a landscape painter, and finally began to paint everything he saw: views, landscapes, portraits, still lifes, animals. His later landscapes of his native Dalmatia capture an experience of the colour and atmosphere. Miše went to Paris for the first time in 1925, and according to the painter himself, that is when his “reorientation” started. For his retrospective exhibition in 1955 at the
Modern Gallery, Zagreb Modern Gallery (; since 2021 the National Museum of Modern Art, ) is a museum in Zagreb, Croatia that holds the most important and comprehensive collection of paintings, sculptures and drawings by 19th and 20th century Croatian artists. The colle ...
, he wrote: "I started with the
Secession Secession is the formal withdrawal of a group from a Polity, political entity. The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal i ...
and I was already thirty-two when I came into contact with
van Gogh Vincent Willem van Gogh (; 30 March 185329 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who is among the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art. In just over a decade, he created approximately 2,100 artwork ...
, Renoir and Cézanne". In 1928, for the first time he spent a long period in Supetar on the island of
Brač Brač is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, with an area of , making it the largest island in Dalmatia, and the third largest in the Adriatic. It is separated from the mainland by the Brač Channel, which is wide. In his work can be identified contacts with contemporary German and French art styles. The art historian and curator, Igor Zidić summarized the conflicting styles in Miše's work "...the struggle between the hard, clear volumes of secessionist art, and the vibrating surfaces of impressionism... he is wrestling between the (German) fascination with the subject and the (French) obsession with light."


Works

* Self-portrait (''Autoportret''), 1916 * Portrait of a Bride (''Portret zaručnice'') * Girl with Melon (''Djevojku s dinjom'') * Portrait of Ivo Tartaglia (''Portret Ive Tartaglie''), 1919 * Seascape, Supetar (''Primorsku vedutu, Supetar'') * Noon in Supetar, (''Podne u Supetaru'') 1928 * Portrait of the Painter Rački (''Portret slikara Račkog''), 1929 * Red House (''Crvene kuće''), 1930 * Noon in Koločep (''Podne u Koločepu''), 1931 * Young Girl (''Djevojčica''), 1932 * Grouper (''Škarpina''), 1934 * May Morning on Lopud (''Majsko jutro na Lopudu'') * Still life with brushes (''Mrtva priroda s kistovima''), 1961


Exhibitions


Solo shows

During his lifetime, Miše held solo exhibits in Split, Slavonski Brod, Rijeka,
Zadar Zadar ( , ), historically known as Zara (from Venetian and Italian, ; see also other names), is the oldest continuously inhabited city in Croatia. It is situated on the Adriatic Sea, at the northwestern part of Ravni Kotari region. Zadar ...
, Zagreb and Belgrade. Selected recent solo exhibitions include * 2008 Jerolim Miše - Gallery Adris, Rovinj * 1990 Jerolim Miše - Art Pavilion, Zagreb * 1970 Jerolim Miše Retrospective - Gallery of Fine Arts, Split


Group shows

Selected recent group exhibitions include * 2006 Croatian Collection - Museum of Contemporary Art, Skopje


Public collections

Jerolim Miše's work can be found in the following public collections Croatia * Gallery of Fine Arts, Split (''Galerija Umjetnina'') Split *
Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb The Museum of Contemporary Art (, often abbreviated to MSU) is a contemporary art art museum, museum located on Dubrovnik Avenue in Zagreb, Croatia. It is the biggest and most modern museum in the country. Vesna Meštrić is current director of MS ...
(''Muzej Suvremene Umjetnosti'') *
Modern Gallery, Zagreb Modern Gallery (; since 2021 the National Museum of Modern Art, ) is a museum in Zagreb, Croatia that holds the most important and comprehensive collection of paintings, sculptures and drawings by 19th and 20th century Croatian artists. The colle ...
(''Galerija Moderna'') Macedonia (F.Y.R.M.) * Museum of Contemporary Art, Skopje


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mise, Jerolim 1890 births 1970 deaths Croatian art critics Vladimir Nazor Award winners 20th-century Croatian painters Croatian male painters Croatian expatriates in Italy 20th-century Croatian male artists Burials at Lovrinac Cemetery