Jean Pierre Joseph Bruguière

Jean Pierre Joseph Bruguière, called Bruyère, (June 22, 1772 – June 5, 1813) was a French military officer. He served in the French Revolutionary Wars and eventually became a general and prominent cavalry commander during the Napoleonic Wars. He was mortally wounded by a cannonball at the Battle of Reichenbach.

Biography

Jean Pierre Joseph Bruyère was born in Sommières on June 22, 1772. Coming from a family of medical professionals, for a time he studied medicine as well. After the French Revolution, in 1793, he became an aide in the French Armée d'Italie, enlisting in the 15th Light Infantry Demi-brigade in the next year and becoming a Sous-Lieutenant in 1795. In 1796 the Lieutenant began alternating between serving in the 7th and 6th Hussar regiments and staff duty for several years. He frequently was assigned as aide-de-camp to generals Barthélemy Catherine Joubert and Louis-Alexandre Berthier, serving in the Italian campaigns.Charavay, p. 128 He tied close connections to the latter officer, eventually marrying his niece Josephine-Therese Virginie (1794–1833), a daughter of his brother César Berthier, in 1810.Georges Six, p. 171 Meanwhile, he was promoted to captain in 1797, Chef d'escadron after the Battle of Marengo in 1800, and Major in the 5th Hussar Regiment in 1803. In March 1804 he was awarded the Legion of Honour and a year later was named Colonel of the 23rd Mounted Chasseur Regiment.Charavay, pp. 128-129

In 1806 Bruyère distinguished himself at the Battle of Jena and was promoted to General de brigade on December 31.Mullie, p. 244 Over the next years he commanded cavalry brigades in various campaigns in Italy, Germany, and Austria; being wounded several times. He also became a part of the new military nobility in 1808, being made a Baron of the Empire, and eventually was named Commandant in the Legion. In 1809 he was promoted to General de division and led cavalry in the Armée d'Allemagne, first a division and then the whole light cavalry of said army. In 1811 he was named Count of the Empire. In 1812 he commanded the 1st Light Cavalry Division of the Grande Armee during the ill-fated French invasion of Russia, collecting further distinction and war wounds.Charavay, p. 129 He continued to lead the division in the German campaign of 1813, fighting at Bautzen. A day later, on May 22 at the Battle of Reichenbach, he was gravely wounded by a cannonball that took off his legs. He was brought to Görlitz where he died on June 5.Mullie, p. 245

He later was inscribed as BRUYERE under the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, on the eastern pillar in column 16.Charavay, p. 130

File:Blason famille fr Jean Pierre Joseph Bruguière dit Bruyère (baron).svg, Baronial blason of Bruyère
File:Arc de Triomphe mg 6828.jpg, BRUYERE inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe

See also

*List of French generals of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

References

Footnotes

Sources

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*{{cite book , last1=Six , first1=Georges , title=Dictionnaire biographique des généraux et amiraux de la Révolution et de l'Empire, Vol. I , date=1934 , publisher=Librairie historique et nobiliaire , location=Paris , isbn=978-2-402-49916-3 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GTAAEQAAQBAJ , language=French, ref=none

External links

The Top Twenty French Cavalry Commanders: #14 - General Jean-Pierre-Joseph Bruyere
at The Napoleon Series

1772 births
1813 deaths
French military personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
French military personnel killed in the Napoleonic Wars
Generals of the First French Empire
Counts of the First French Empire
Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe
Commanders of the Legion of Honour