Jean Claude Eugène Péclet
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Jean Claude Eugène Péclet (10 February 1793 – 6 December 1857) was a French
physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate cau ...
. He was born in
Besançon Besançon (, ; , ; archaic ; ) is the capital of the Departments of France, department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The city is located in Eastern France, close to the Jura Mountains and the border with Switzerland. Capi ...
,
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
. Péclet became, in 1812, one of the first students of the École Normale in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
with Gay-Lussac and Dulong being his professors. In 1816, he was elected professor at the Collège de Marseille and taught
physical sciences Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science. It in turn has many branches, each referred to as a "physical science", together is called the "physical sciences". Definition ...
there until 1827. Being nominated ''
maître de conférences The following summarizes basic academic ranks in the France, French higher education system. Most academic institutions are state-run and most academics with permanent positions are French Civil Service, civil servants, and thus are Academic tenur ...
'' (tenured position) at the
École Normale Supérieure École or Ecole may refer to: * an elementary school in the French educational stages normally followed by Secondary education in France, secondary education establishments (collège and lycée) * École (river), a tributary of the Seine flowing i ...
, he returned to Paris. In 1829, he became a professor of physics at the
École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures École or Ecole may refer to: * an elementary school in the French educational stages normally followed by secondary education establishments (collège and lycée) * École (river), a tributary of the Seine flowing in région Île-de-France * Éco ...
that was being founded by the businessman Alphonse Lavallée, by Péclet, and by two other scientists,
Jean-Baptiste Dumas Jean Baptiste André Dumas (; 14 July 180010 April 1884) was a French chemist, best known for his works on organic analysis and synthesis, as well as the determination of atomic weights (relative atomic masses) and molecular weights by measuri ...
and Théodore Olivier. His salary was then 3000 Francs per year, plus a share of the profits of this private engineering school. In 1840, Péclet became inspecteur général de l'instruction publique. The
Péclet number In continuum mechanics, the Péclet number (, after Jean Claude Eugène Péclet) is a class of dimensionless numbers relevant in the study of transport phenomena in a continuum. It is defined to be the ratio of the rate of advection of a physical ...
is named after him. He was
Coriolis Coriolis may refer to: * Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis (1792–1843), French mathematician, mechanical engineer and scientist * Coriolis force In physics, the Coriolis force is a pseudo force that acts on objects in motion within a frame of ref ...
's brother-in-law. He died in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
.


Books by J.C.E. Péclet


Traité de l'éclairage
(De Malher et Cie, Paris, 1827)
Traité élémentaire de physique. Tome premier
(Hachette, Paris, 1838)
Traité élémentaire de physique. Tome second
(Hachette, Paris, 1838)
Traité élémentaire de physique. Planches
(Hachette, Paris, 1838)
Traité de la chaleur considérée dans ses applications.
(Masson, Paris, 1861, 3rd edition)
Traité de la chaleur considérée dans ses applications. Tome premier
(Masson, Paris, 1878, 4th edition)
Traité de la chaleur considérée dans ses applications. Tome deuxième
(Masson, Paris, 1878, 4th edition)
Traité de la chaleur considérée dans ses applications. Tome troisième
(Masson, Paris, 1878, 4th edition)
Traité complet des propriétés, de la préparation et de l'emploi des matières tinctoriales
by J. Ch. Leuchs with revisions by J. C. E. Péclet (De Malher et Cie, Paris, 1829)


External links



1793 births 1857 deaths French physicists École Normale Supérieure alumni French fluid dynamicists Scientists from Besançon {{france-physicist-stub