Jean-Louis Pascal (4 June 1837 – 17 May 1920) was an academic French architect.

Life

Born in Paris, Pascal was taught at the

École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts École or Ecole may refer to: * an elementary school in the French educational stages normally followed by secondary education establishments (collège and lycée) * École (river), a tributary of the Seine The Seine ( , ) is a river in nor ...

by Émile Gilbert and Charles-Auguste Questel. He won the Grand

Prix de Rome The Prix de Rome () or Grand Prix de Rome was a French scholarship for arts students, initially for painters and sculptors, that was established in 1663 during the reign of Louis XIV of France. Winners were awarded a bursary that allowed them t ...

for Architecture in 1866, which put him in residency at the Villa Medici in Rome from 1867 through 1870. After brief service in the

Franco-Prussian War The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 Janua ...

, he returned to Paris to assist Hector Lefuel with the restoration of the Louvre, and succeeded Questel as the head of his own old atelier. In 1875, his star rising in the academy system, Pascal was appointed the head architect for the National Library of France upon the death of the previous architect, Henri Labrouste. Pascal brought this long project nearly to completion, contributing interiors and exteriors, the Oval Room, the Salon Voltaire, the periodical room, and the grand staircase. His other major work includes many monuments and memorial throughout France, the residence and studio of French painter

William-Adolphe Bouguereau William-Adolphe Bouguereau (; 30 November 1825 – 19 August 1905) was a French Academic art, academic painter. In his realistic genre paintings, he used mythological themes, making modern interpretations of Classicism, classical subjects, with a ...

, 75 rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs, Paris, finished in 1868, and the tomb of

Jules Michelet Jules Michelet (; 21 August 1798 – 9 February 1874) was a French historian and writer. He is best known for his multivolume work ''Histoire de France'' (History of France). Michelet was influenced by Giambattista Vico; he admired Vico's emphas ...

Père Lachaise Cemetery Père Lachaise Cemetery (, , formerly , ) is the largest cemetery in Paris, France, at . With more than 3.5 million visitors annually, it is the most visited necropolis in the world. Buried at Père Lachaise are many famous figures in the ...

in 1893. In 1914, Pascal was awarded both the American

AIA Gold Medal The AIA Gold Medal is awarded by the American Institute of Architects conferred "by the national AIA Board of Directors in recognition of a significant body of work of lasting influence on the theory and practice of architecture." It is the Ins ...

in 1914 (the fourth ever awarded) and the Royal Gold Medal of the

Royal Institute of British Architects The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is a professional body for architects primarily in the United Kingdom, but also internationally, founded for the advancement of architecture under its royal charter granted in 1837, three suppl ...

. He died in Paris.

Influence

Pascal may have had his greatest influence as a teacher, both for French architects and particularly for international students who adapted the lessons of the Beaux-Arts to their home countries. Pascal's atelier was credited with a total of four grand prizes and fifteen second prizes while he was patron. Among Pascal's many students were: * the French-American Paul Philippe Cret * the French-American Constant-Désiré Despradelle, who educated a further generation of student as professor of architecture at

MIT The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1861, MIT has played a significant role in the development of many areas of modern technology and sc ...

* the Scottish Sir John James Burnet * the American Charles Collens * the American Guy Lowell * the Canadian William Sutherland Maxwell * the Canadian Ernest Cormier * Henri Paul Nénot * Henri Sauvage * Charles Mewès * Eugene Bourdon (architect) * Arnold Higuer

Sources

* The American architect from the colonial era to the present By Cecil D. Elliott {{DEFAULTSORT:Pascal, Jean-Louis 1837 births 1920 deaths 19th-century French architects 20th-century French architects École des Beaux-Arts alumni Academic staff of the École des Beaux-Arts Commanders of the Legion of Honour Prix de Rome for architecture Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal Members of the Académie des beaux-arts Architects from Paris Recipients of the AIA Gold Medal