James von Bleichröder (born October 14, 1859 in Berlin; died April 28, 1937 in Berlin) was a German banker of Jewish origin.

Life

James von Bleichröder came from the Bleichröder banking family and was one of three sons of

Gerson von Bleichröder Gerson von Bleichröder (22 December 1822 – 18 February 1893) was a Jewish German banker. He was also a close confidant of Otto von Bismarck, serving as his financial agent. He became the first non-converted Jew in Prussia to be granted a her ...

, who was known as Bismarck's banker and was elevated to the nobility by Bismarck in 1872. Bleichröder studied law and obtained a doctorate. Together with his brother Georg, he was one of the richest people in Prussia at the beginning of the 20th century. His fortune was estimated at around 20 million marks in 1895 and 1908 (equivalent to today's purchasing power of around 180 million euros). From his first marriage to Harriet, née Alexander, in 1888 (and divorced in 1902), he had five children, including his daughter Ellie von Bleichröder, who was deported to

Theresienstadt concentration camp Theresienstadt Ghetto was established by the SS during World War II in the fortress town of Terezín, in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia ( German-occupied Czechoslovakia). Theresienstadt served as a waystation to the extermination c ...

on July 27, 1942 and liberated there at the end of the war. In 1905, he married the variety artist Flora de Saint Riquier, née Hochberg, in London in his second marriage and Maria Stade, née Soydt, in Berlin in 1917 in his third marriage. James von Bleichröder took part in the First World War as a cavalry captain. He was an important promoter of German automobile sport; on May 27, 1902, he gave the then German Automobile Club (D.A.C.; from 1905 to 1918 Kaiserlicher Automobil-Club, K.A.C.; today: Automobilclub von Deutschland, AvD) the Palais Bleichröder at Leipziger Platz 16. He also took part in car races as a driver himself. Around 1910, he donated a hippopotamus to the Berlin Zoo. He was buried in 1937 in the Bleichröders' family mausoleum at Friedrichsfelde Central Cemetery, which was demolished in 1950 at the instigation of Wilhelm Pieck. Today, a simple gravestone commemorates the family.

Art collection and Nazi persecution

James von Bleichröder was a collector of antiques and works of art. He owned paintings by

Adolph Menzel Adolph Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel (8 December 18159 February 1905) was a German Realist artist noted for drawings, etchings, and paintings. Along with Caspar David Friedrich, he is considered one of the two most prominent German painters of t ...

and

Max Liebermann Max Liebermann (20 July 1847 – 8 February 1935) was a German painter and printmaker, and one of the leading proponents of Impressionism in Germany and continental Europe. In addition to his activity as an artist, he also assembled an important ...

, for example. The collection was auctioned off at the Rudolph Lepke auction house in 1938, with the painting The Raising of Lazarus ending up in

Hermann Göring Hermann Wilhelm Göring (or Goering; ; 12 January 1893 – 15 October 1946) was a German Nazism, Nazi politician, aviator, military leader, and convicted war criminal. He was one of the most powerful figures in the Nazi Party, which gov ...

's art collection via the Julius Böhler art dealership in Munich and being transferred from state ownership to the

Bavarian State Painting Collections The Bavarian State Painting Collections (), based in Munich, Germany, oversees artwork held by the Free State of Bavaria. It was established in 1799 as ''Centralgemäldegaleriedirektion''. Artwork includes paintings, sculptures, photographs, video ...

in 1961.

Claims for Restitution

After the heirs of James von Bleichröder, represented by a law firm, demanded restitution, the Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen reached an agreement with the heirs in 2017 to purchase the painting. Bleichröder's heirs currently have 37 Search Requests registered in the German Lost Art Foundation Database.

Literature

* Robert Volz: ''Reichshandbuch der deutschen Gesellschaft. Das Handbuch der Persönlichkeiten in Wort und Bild.'' Band 1: ''A–K.'' Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1930, .

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bleichröder, James von Businesspeople from Berlin 1859 births 1937 deaths Jewish art collectors German Jews Jewish German bankers