James Livingston, 1st Earl of Newburgh (c. 1622 – 4 December 1670) was a

Scottish Scottish usually refers to something of, from, or related to Scotland, including: *Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family native to Scotland *Scottish English *Scottish national identity, the Scottish ide ...

peer who sat in the

House of Commons of England The House of Commons of England was the lower house of the Parliament of England (which Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542, incorporated Wales) from its development in the 14th century to the union of England and Scotland in 1707, when it was re ...

from 1661 to 1670. He supported the

Royalist A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of gove ...

cause in the

English Civil War The English Civil War or Great Rebellion was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Cavaliers, Royalists and Roundhead, Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of th ...

. Livingston was the only son of Sir John Livingstone of Kinnaird and his wife Jane Sproxton, daughter of Richard Sproxton of Wakefield, Yorkshire. His father was a page of the bedchamber to

James VI and I James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 M ...

. He succeeded his father as 2nd Baronet in 1628.History of Parliament Online - Livingston, James, 1st Earl of Newburgh
/ref> He matriculated at

Merton College, Oxford Merton College (in full: The House or College of Scholars of Merton in the University of Oxford) is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Its foundation can be traced back to the 126 ...

on 17 December 1638, aged 16 'Alumni Oxonienses, 1500-1714: Lee-Llewellin', Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714 (1891), pp. 892-921. Date accessed: 27 June 2012
/ref> and travelled abroad in France from about 1642 to 1646. When he joined King Charles at Newcastle in 1646, he was created Viscount of Newburgh in the

Peerage of Scotland The Peerage of Scotland (; ) is one of the five divisions of peerages in the United Kingdom and for those peers created by the King of Scots before 1707. Following that year's Treaty of Union 1707, Treaty of Union, the Kingdom of Scots and the ...

. He and his wife made plans in December 1648 to rescue the King before his trial but nothing came of it and they fled to the Netherlands. In 1650, he went with Charles II to Scotland, subscribed to the Covenant, and took his seat in the Scottish House of Lords. He was a lieutenant colonel in the Life Guards at the

Battle of Worcester The Battle of Worcester took place on 3 September 1651 in and around the city of Worcester, England and was the last major battle of the 1642 to 1651 Wars of the Three Kingdoms. A Parliamentarian army of around 28,000 under Oliver Cromwell def ...

and after the battle he fled abroad again where he spent his time duelling and corresponding with the Scottish Royalists. From 1656 to 1658, he was a colonel of horse in the Spanish army and commanded a Scottish Royalist regiment which fought at the

Battle of the Dunes (1658) The Battle of the Dunes (, ), also known as the Battle of Dunkirk, took place on 14 June 1658, near the strategic port of Dunkirk in what was then the Spanish Netherlands. Part of the Franco-Spanish War and concurrent Anglo-Spanish War, a Fre ...

. After the Restoration, Livingston was captain of the bodyguard in Scotland and was created Earl of Newburgh, Viscount of Kynnaird and Lord Livingston. He became lord of the manor of Cirencester in 1660 through his second marriage. In 1661 he was elected Member of Parliament for

Cirencester Cirencester ( , ; see #Pronunciation, below for more variations) is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswold District of Gloucestershire, England. Cirencester lies on the River Churn, a tributary of the River Thames. It is the List of ...

in the

Cavalier Parliament The Cavalier Parliament of England lasted from 8 May 1661 until 24 January 1679. With the exception of the Long Parliament, it was the longest-lasting English Parliament, and longer than any Great British or UK Parliament to date, enduring ...

. He was awarded MA at Oxford on 9 September 1661. Livingston died at the age of about 48 and was buried at St. Margaret's, Westminster. Livingston married firstly before 1648 Katherine Stuart, widow of George, 9th Seigneur d'Aubigny and daughter of

Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, (13 August 15843 June 1640) was an England, English nobleman and politician. Career Born at the family estate of Saffron Walden, he was the son of Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, by his second wife, ...

. They had one daughter, Elizabeth (1648–1717), who was brought up in England by his sister Dorothy Livingston, the wife of Sir Charles Stanhope, and married Robert Delaval. She is known for her journal and moral reflections.Douglas G. Greene, ''The Meditations of Lady Elizabeth Delaval Written Between 1662 and 1671'' (Surtees Society, 1975). She was also a Jacobite agent. Livingston married secondly around May 1660, Anne Poole daughter of Sir Henry Poole of Sapperton, Gloucestershire. He was succeeded by his only son

Charles Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English language, English and French language, French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''* ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Newburgh, James Livingston, 1st Earl of 1620s births 1670 deaths Nobility from Perth and Kinross Earls of Newburgh Peers of Scotland created by Charles I English MPs 1661–1679 Scottish soldiers Cavaliers Politicians from Gloucestershire Alumni of Merton College, Oxford

See also

References