Jalore () (
ISO 15919
ISO 15919 is an international standard for the romanization of Indic scripts. Published in 2001, it is part of a series of romanization standards by the International Organization for Standardization.
Overview
Relation to other systems
...
: ''Jālora'' ), also known as Granite City, is a
city
A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
in the western Indian state of
Rajasthan
Rajasthan (; Literal translation, lit. 'Land of Kings') is a States and union territories of India, state in northwestern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the List of states and union territories of ...
. It is the administrative headquarters of
Jalore District.
It has a river known as Jawai Nadi. Jalore lies to south of Sukri river, a tributary of Luni river and the
Jawai Nadi passes through it. The town is about south of
Jodhpur and from the state capital
Jaipur
Jaipur (; , ) is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and the List of cities and towns in Rajasthan, largest city of the north-western States and union territories of India, Indian state of Rajasthan. , the city had ...
. Jalore hasn't grown that much in terms of infrastructure. The town center has many corporate offices like
Axis Bank,
Punjab National Bank,
UCO Bank, Birla Sun Life Insurance Ltd, Shreeram Transport Finance Company among others.
History
Maharaja of
Parmar Rajputs, founded Jalore city, and constructed town known as Suvarngiri or Songir, the Golden Mount, on which the fort stands. In ancient city Jalore was known as Jabalipura - named after the Hindu saint
Jabali. It was a flourishing town in the 8th century and according to some historical sources, in the 8th-9th centuries, accommodation was provided to one branch of the
Pratihara empire at Jablipur (Jalore). Uddyotana-sūri composed ''Kuvalaya-mālā'' at Jabalipura in 779 CE, during the reign of the
Gurjara-Pratihara
The Pratihara dynasty, also called the Gurjara-Pratiharas, the Pratiharas of Kannauj or the Imperial Pratiharas, was a prominent medieval Indian dynasty which ruled over the Kingdom of Kannauj. It initially ruled the Gurjaradesa until its vi ...
king
Vatsaraja.
Parmara Emperor
Vakpati Munja(972-990 CE) ruled the region — after this conquest he divided these conquered territories among his Parmara princes - his son Aranyaraj Parmar was granted Abu region, his son and his nephew Chandan Parmar, Dharnivarah Parmar was given Jalore region. This ended almost 250 years Pratihar rule over Bhinmal, which included Raja Man Pratihar was ruled
Bhinmal. Abu's Raja Mahipal Parmar (1000-1014 CE) also ruled territories in Southwest of Bhinmal, comprising four hills - Dodasa, Nadwana, Kala-Pahad and Sundha, and
Parmar Rajputs gradually built jagir included 52 villages in and around modern Jalore district. Abu's Raja Mahipal Parmar was a contemporary of Raja Man Pratihar's son Dewalsimha Pratihar made many invasion attempts re-establish Pratihar hold onto Bhinmal and failed to make Lohiyana (present
Jaswantpura) his capital, along with subclan became Dewal Pratihars.
Parmar Rajputs, Jalore's Chauhan Kanhaddeo, the Dewals resisted invasion from Allauddin Khilji, and Mughal army. Thakur Dhawalsimha Dewal of Lohiyana supplied manpower to Maharana Pratap and married his daughter to the Maharana, in return Maharana gave him the title of “Rana” which has stayed with them till this day
Jalore was ruled by the
Paramaras in the 10th century, and
Paramaras ruled in Jalore with support of the
Chahamana ruler of
Nadol,
Kirtipala
Kirti-pala ( IAST: Kīrtipāla, r. c. 1160-1182 CE), also known as Kitu in vernacular legends, was an Indian king belonging to the Chahamana dynasty of Javalipura (modern Jalore). A member of the Naddula Chahamana family, he carved out a prin ...
, the youngest son of
Alhana in 1181, and founded the
Jalore line of Chauhans. His son
Samarasimha succeeded him in 1182. Samarasimha was succeeded by
Udayasimha, who expanded the kingdom by recapturing Nadol and Mandor from the Turks. Jalore was commending of Udayasimha's reign against the
Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate or the Sultanate of Delhi was a Medieval India, late medieval empire primarily based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for more than three centuries. .
Udayasimha was succeeded by
Chachigadeva and
Samantasimha. Samantasimha was succeeded by his son
Kanhadadeva. During the reign of Kanhadadeva, Jalor was
attacked and captured in 1311 by the Delhi's Afghan Sultan
Alauddin Khalji. Kanhadadeva and his son Viramadeva died defending Jalore. Jalore was the hometown of Jaiwanta Bai, mother of
Maharana Pratap
Pratap Singh I (9 May 1540 – 19 January 1597), popularly known as Maharana Pratap (), was king of the Kingdom of Mewar, in north-western India in the present-day state of Rajasthan, from 1572 until his death in 1597. He is notable for leadi ...
(1572–1597). She was the daughter of Akhey Raj Songara.
Rathore rulers of
Ratlam used the
Jalore fort to safe-keep their treasure.
The Turkic rulers of
Palanpur State
Palanpur State was a princely state of India during the British Raj. It was a Salute state with the Nawab of Palanpur having a hereditary salute of 13-guns. It was the main state of the Palanpur Agency. Palanpur State became a British protector ...
of
Gujarat
Gujarat () is a States of India, state along the Western India, western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the List of states and union territories ...
briefly ruled Jalor in the 16th century and it became part of the
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an Early modern period, early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to ...
. It was restored to
Marwar in 1704, and remained part of the kingdom until shortly after Indian Independence in 1947.
in Gujarat are the pedigree of Jalore
Maharani Popadevi.
Ambliara has a small princely state in
Mahi Kantha Agency Present days near
Bayad taluka of
Aravalli District Gujarat
Gujarat () is a States of India, state along the Western India, western coast of India. Its coastline of about is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the List of states and union territories ...
.
There are 12 Math (Big Hindu monasteries) and 13 Takiya (Masjid).
Jalore is known as the "Cradle of the warhorses of Marwar" - an warhorse breed famed for its beauty, endurance and loyalty to the horsemen who fought interminable wars.
Visitor attractions of Jalore
References
External links
Jaloreat Rajasthan Tourism Website.
{{Jalore district
Cities and towns in Jalore district
Tehsils of Jalore district