Jakó I Kaplon
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Jakó (I) from the kindred Kaplon (; died after 1263) was a Hungarian nobleman in the 13th century, who served as ''
ispán The ispánRady 2000, p. 19.''Stephen Werbőczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)'', p. 450. or countEngel 2001, p. 40.Curta 2006, p. 355. (, , and ),Kirschbaum 2007, p. 315. deriving from title of župan, ...
'' of
Zólyom County Zvolen (; ; ) is a city in central Slovakia, situated on the confluence of Hron and Slatina River (Slovakia), Slatina rivers. It is famous for several historical and cultural attractions. It is surrounded by Poľana Protected Landscape Area, Po ...
from 1243 to 1245 and in 1263. He was progenitor of various noble families, including the Sztáray family.


Family and career

Jakó (or Jákó) originated from the ancient Hungarian kindred Kaplon (also Kaplyon or Kaplony). According to the tradition, the clan descended from Kond, one of the
seven chieftains of the Magyars The Seven chieftains of the Magyars (or Hungarians) were the leaders of the seven tribes of the Hungarians at the time of their arrival in the Carpathian Basin in AD 895. Constantine VII, emperor of the Byzantine Empire names the seven tribes ...
during the conquest of the Carpathian Basin in the late 9th century. Jakó's parentage is unknown, thus he is the first member of the kindred's so-called Nagymihály branch,Engel: ''Genealógia'' (Genus Kaplon 7., Nagymihály branch) which possessed landholdings in
Szatmár County Szatmár County ( ) was an administrative county (Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary), comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary, situated south of the river Tisza. Most of its territory is now divided between Romania and Hungary, while a very small area ...
. Jakó was ''ispán'' of Zólyom County from 1243 to 1245. According to a non-authentic charter with the date 1274, Jakó built a castle called Jakóvár (lit. "Jakó's Castle"), which was later called Meggyes, near present-day Medieșu Aurit. Historian Péter Németh considered that this castle never existed, and the fort was merely a fabrication compiled by members of the Meggyesi family during a late 14th-century lawsuit, as an identification with their fortified manor in Meggyes. Jakó was again ''ispán'' of Zólyom County in 1263. Jakó married Catherine, a great-granddaughter of Apa, who was a
ban of Slavonia Ban of Slavonia (; ; ) sometimes also Ban of "Whole Slavonia" (; ; ), was the title of the governor of a territory part of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary and Croatia in union with Hungary, Kingdom of Croatia. From 1102, the title Ban (title), ...
in the mid-12th century. Through this marriage, Jakó's branch acquired several landholdings in Ung and Zemplén counties, since Peter, Catherine's father had no male descendants. In 1244, Peter bequeathed his estate Reviscse (present-day Blatné Revištia, Slovakia) to Jakó's wife. In 1248, Peter handed over the
dower Dower is a provision accorded traditionally by a husband or his family, to a wife for her support should she become widowed. It was settlement (law), settled on the bride (being given into trust instrument, trust) by agreement at the time of t ...
to his wife Agnes, which contained the estates Mihály and Tapolya (present-day
Michalovce Michalovce (; , , Romani language, Romani: ''Mihalya'', Yiddish language, Yiddish: מיכאלאָווצע ''Mikhaylovets'' or ''Mykhaylovyts''; ) is a town on the Laborec river in eastern Slovakia. Originally named after the Archangel St Michael ...
, Slovakia) with their accessories along the river
Laborec The Laborec (; ) is a river in eastern Slovakia that flows through the districts of Medzilaborce, Humenné, and Michalovce in the Košice Region, and the Prešov Region. The river drains the Laborec Highlands. It is long and its basin size is . ...
(Laborc) and the forests near Zalacska (today Zalužice, Slovakia). In the next year, Agnes donated these estates to their daughters and grandsons, establishing the Nagymihály lordship, an important fortune of the Kaplon clan. Peter had another daughter, Petronilla, who was the spouse of Philip, the ''ispán'' of Pilis County from 1251 to 1262. She compiled her
last will and testament A will and testament is a legal document that expresses a person's (testator) wishes as to how their property (estate (law), estate) is to be distributed after their death and as to which person (executor) is to manage the property until its fi ...
in 1258, in which she bequeathed the right of patronage over the
Benedictine The Benedictines, officially the Order of Saint Benedict (, abbreviated as O.S.B. or OSB), are a mainly contemplative monastic order of the Catholic Church for men and for women who follow the Rule of Saint Benedict. Initiated in 529, th ...
monastery of Kána to the sons of Jakó, Andrew (I) and Jakó (II). Due to these donations, both of them became prominent lords by the 1270s. Through Andrew, Jakó (I) was ancestor of the Nagymihályi kinship, for instance the Sztáray (Sztárai), Tibai, Ödönfi, Pongrácz, Ördög and Lucskai noble families.


References


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