Jagdgeschwader 1 may refer to one of two German military units:
*
''Jagdgeschwader'' 1 (World War I), a unit of the Luftstreitkräfte commanded by Manfred von Richthofen (the Red Baron), also known as Jagdgeschwader 1 ''Flying Circus''
*
''Jagdgeschwader'' 1 (World War II), also known as Jagdgeschwader 1 ''Oesau'' after its Wing Commander, Walter Oesau
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