Iława (; german: Deutsch Eylau ) is a

town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than city, cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares ...

in northern

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is divided into Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 mill ...

with 32,276 inhabitants (2010). It is situated in the

Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship or Warmia-Masuria Province or Warmia-Mazury Province (in pl, Województwo warmińsko-mazurskie, is a voivodeship (province) in northeastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Olsztyn. The voivodeship has an ar ...

(since 1999); previously it was in

Olsztyn Voivodeship Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945–75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn. ...

(1975–1998). It is the capital of

Iława County __NOTOC__ Iława County ( pl, powiat iławski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. In the years 1945-1958 it existed under the name Susz County ( pl, powiat suski ...

. The town is located in the Iławskie Lake District, on the longest lake in Poland -

Jeziorak Jeziorak () is a lake in the Iława Lake District in Warmia-Masuria, Poland. Its area is 3,219 ha (including 20 islands with area of 240 ha). It is 27.45 km long and 2.4 km wide. Maximum depth is 13 m. It is the longest lake in Poland, ...

.Jeziorak najdłuższe Jezioro w Polsce
It is located in the area of historical

Pomesania Pomesanians were a Prussian clan. They lived in Pomesania ( pl, Pomezania; lt, Pamedė; german: Pomesanien), a historical region in modern northern Poland, located between the Nogat and Vistula Rivers to the west and the Elbląg River to the e ...

in the area defined as Upper Prussia (Oberland) since the 16th century. The rivers Iławka and Tynwałd flow through Iława. Within the city's administrative area there is the largest inland island in Poland - Wielka Żuława, which has a permanent ferry connection with the city. The city is located in the area of the Green Lungs of Poland - an area characterized by clean air and diversity of the natural system. From the west and north, Iława is surrounded by the

Iława Lake District Landscape Park Iława Lake District Landscape Park or Iława Lakeland Scenic Park ( pl, Park Krajobrazowy Pojezierza Iławskiego) is a protected area ( landscape park) in northern Poland. Established in 1993, the park is part of the geographic region called Poj ...

. Iława is a holiday, paralympic and tourist resort. In the forest just outside Iława there are two

Polish Television Telewizja Polska S.A. (; "Polish Television"; TVP), also known in English as the public Polish Television is a Polish state media corporation. It is the largest Polish television network, although viewership has been declining in the 2010s. Sin ...

holiday resorts ( Sarnówek and Tłokowisko)Tłokowisko Ośrodek Wypoczynkowy Telewizja Polska S.A. , Siemiany
to which journalists come for a holiday. From Iława you can reach the

Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and fr ...

through

Lake and the historic, unique in the world

Elbląg Canal Elbląg Canal (; pl, Kanał Elbląski ; german: Oberländischer Kanal) is a canal in Poland, in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in length, which runs southward from Lake Drużno (connected by the river Elbląg to the Vistula Lagoon), to the ri ...

. Before World War II, the town was called "The Pearl of Oberland";. At Lake Silm, one of the world's several training centres for skippers and port pilots, they learn to manoeuvre seagoing ships on miniaturised models. The city is called the summer capital of traditional jazz because of the oldest festival of this music genre in Europe - Old Jazz Meeting "Złota Tarka";. In Iława there is the Pope's Calvary of the Iława Lake District, whose canoe-shaped Stations of the Cross refer to and commemorate

Karol Wojtyła Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...

's two visits to Jeziorak, after which the future Pope was kayaking with young people. Iława lies on the Road of St. James (one of the most important Christian pilgrimage routes in the world) which leads to the

Cathedral of Santiago de Compostella The Santiago de Compostela Archcathedral Basilica (Spanish and Galician: ) is part of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela and is an integral component of the Santiago de Compostela World Heritage Site in Galicia, Spain. The ca ...

in Spain.

Natural conditions

According to the data of January 1, 2009, the area of the city is 21. 88 km², placing the city on the third position in the province. The town is also the fifth largest in the Warmia and Mazury region and the fifth in the population. Iława and its surroundings lie on undulating

moraine A moraine is any accumulation of unconsolidated debris ( regolith and rock), sometimes referred to as glacial till, that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions, and that has been previously carried along by a glacier or ice sh ...

and sandstone areas, distinguished by varied forms of sculpture. Within the city, on Lake Jeziorak (the longest lake in Poland and the sixth largest) is the island of Wielka Żuława with relics of an Old Prussian town. In the vicinity of the city, in the sand terrain, there are lakes, mainly

gutter lakes Gutter may refer to: Water discharge structures * Rain gutter, used on roofs and in buildings * Street gutter, for drainage of streets Design and printing * Gutter, in typography, the space between columns of printed text * Gutter, in bookbi ...

, surrounded by significant forest complexes. In Iława itself, apart from the mentioned Jeziorak, there are a dozen or so smaller lakes (i.e. Little Jeziorak, Iławskie, Dół). The lakes and rivers of the Iławskie Lake land form, together with the

, a wide system of inland navigation, connecting the surrounding water bodies. This channel makes it possible to reach the Baltic Sea from Iława.

History

The city existed originally as an Old Prussian settlement and was recorded by Teutonic Knights in

Prussia Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an ...

in 1305. It is documented in a manuscript by

Luther von Braunschweig Luther von Braunschweig (also known as Lothar of Brunswick; – 18 April 1335) was the 18th Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, serving from 1331 until his death. Life Luther was a younger son of the Welf duke Albert I of Brunswick-Lüneb ...

in 1317 and its first names are known as Ylavia, Ylaw, and Ilow. It was located on the Eylenz (Iławka) River between Lakes Geserich (Jeziorak) and Eylenz (Iławskie). The town was under the jurisdiction of the

komtur Commander ( it, Commendatore; french: Commandeur; german: Komtur; es, Comendador; pt, Comendador), or Knight Commander, is a title of honor prevalent in chivalric orders and fraternal orders. The title of Commander occurred in the medieval mil ...

of Christburg (Dzierzgoń) and since 1340 under Osterode (Ostróda). At the start of the

Thirteen Years’ War (1454–1466) Thirteen or 13 may refer to: * 13 (number), the natural number following 12 and preceding 14 * One of the years 13 BC, AD 13, 1913, 2013 Music * 13AD (band), an Indian classic and hard rock band Albums * ''13'' (Black Sabbath album), 2013 * ...

in February 1454, Iława sided with the

Prussian Confederation The Prussian Confederation (german: Preußischer Bund, pl, Związek Pruski) was an organization formed on 21 February 1440 at Kwidzyn (then officially ''Marienwerder'') by a group of 53 nobles and clergy and 19 cities in Prussia, to oppose the ...

, at the request of which King

Casimir IV Jagiellon Casimir IV (in full Casimir IV Andrew Jagiellon; pl, Kazimierz IV Andrzej Jagiellończyk ; Lithuanian: ; 30 November 1427 – 7 June 1492) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1440 and King of Poland from 1447, until his death. He was one of the m ...

signed the act of incorporation of the region to Poland. In April 1454 the town pledged allegiance to the Polish King. After Poland's loss at the Battle of Chojnice, in November 1454 it was taken over by the Teutonic Knights, who handed over its defence to

Czech Czech may refer to: * Anything from or related to the Czech Republic, a country in Europe ** Czech language ** Czechs, the people of the area ** Czech culture ** Czech cuisine * One of three mythical brothers, Lech, Czech, and Rus' Places *Czech, ...

mercenaries. In 1457, the unpaid Czech mercenaries sold the town to Poland. After the

peace treaty A peace treaty is an agreement between two or more hostile parties, usually countries or governments, which formally ends a state of war between the parties. It is different from an armistice, which is an agreement to stop hostilities; a surr ...

signed in

Toruń )'' , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_flag = POL Toruń flag.svg , image_shield = POL Toruń COA.svg , nickname = City of Angels, Gingerbread city, Copernicus Town , pushpin_map = Kuyavian-Pom ...

in 1466 the town came under Polish suzerainty as a

fief A fief (; la, feudum) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a form of f ...

. In 1520 Polish King

Sigismund I the Old Sigismund I the Old ( pl, Zygmunt I Stary, lt, Žygimantas II Senasis; 1 January 1467 – 1 April 1548) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1506 until his death in 1548. Sigismund I was a member of the Jagiellonian dynasty, the ...

granted Iława the right to collect tolls on the bridge over Jeziorak. In 1525 the town became part of the

Duchy of Prussia The Duchy of Prussia (german: Herzogtum Preußen, pl, Księstwo Pruskie, lt, Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (german: Herzogliches Preußen, link=no; pl, Prusy Książęce, link=no) was a duchy in the region of Prussia establish ...

, a vassal state of the

Polish Crown The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland ( pl, Korona Królestwa Polskiego; Latin: ''Corona Regni Poloniae''), known also as the Polish Crown, is the common name for the historic Late Middle Ages territorial possessions of the King of Poland, includi ...

, and in 1701 it became part of the

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) constituted the German state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918. Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Rev. ed. Oxford: ...

. Administered within the new province of

West Prussia The Province of West Prussia (german: Provinz Westpreußen; csb, Zôpadné Prësë; pl, Prusy Zachodnie) was a province of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and 1878 to 1920. West Prussia was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 177 ...

in 1773, it became part of the German Empire in 1871. During the

Seven Years' War The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) was a global conflict that involved most of the European Great Powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. Other concurrent conflicts include the French and Indian War (1754– ...

, the town was occupied by

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eigh ...

between 1758 and 1762. In 1862 the

was built between Elbing (Elbląg) and Eylau by engineer

Georg Steenke Georg Jakob Steenke (born 30 June 1801 in Königsberg; died 22 April 1884 in Elbing) was a German architect and a ''königlicher Baurat'' (royal construction councillor) of the Kingdom of Prussia. His father Johann Friedrich Steenke and his g ...

, which enabled the inland town to transport bulk of lumber, farm products, and other goods north to Elbing and the

. This was superseded ten years later by rail transport, when the Thorn (Toruń)- Insterburg (Chernyakhovsk) railway line was constructed.

20th century

According to the German census of 1910, the town had a population of 10,087, of which 9,566 (94.8%) were

Germans , native_name_lang = de , region1 = , pop1 = 72,650,269 , region2 = , pop2 = 534,000 , region3 = , pop3 = 157,000 3,322,405 , region4 = , pop4 = ...

and 380 (3.8%) were Poles. After Poland regained its independence in 1918, the

East Prussian plebiscite The East Prussian plebiscite (german: Abstimmung in Ostpreußen), also known as the Allenstein and Marienwerder plebiscite or Warmia, Masuria and Powiśle plebiscite ( pl, Plebiscyt na Warmii, Mazurach i Powiślu), was a plebiscite organised in a ...

of 1920 allowed the residents to cast votes either in favor of remaining in

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...

or becoming a part of

. The vote took place amid persecution of Polish activists by the German side. Ultimately the town voted to remain in Germany by 4,746 to 235 votes. It became part of

Regierungsbezirk West Prussia The West Prussia Region () was a government region (''Regierungsbezirk'') of Prussia from 1920 until 1939. The regional capital was Marienwerder in West Prussia (now Kwidzyn). It was the eastern part of Marienwerder Region which voted to be inco ...

in the

Province of East Prussia East Prussia ; german: Ostpreißen, label= Low Prussian; pl, Prusy Wschodnie; lt, Rytų Prūsija was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 18 ...

. Towards the end of the World War II, most population left the town, and the Soviet Army destroyed approximately 85% of the town.Iława, miasto z błota
/ref> After World War II, Soviet pressure at the

Potsdam Conference The Potsdam Conference (german: Potsdamer Konferenz) was held at Potsdam in the Soviet occupation zone from July 17 to August 2, 1945, to allow the three leading Allies to plan the postwar peace, while avoiding the mistakes of the Paris Pe ...

led to Iława's inclusion in the Polish territory. The historic Polish name ''Iława'' was adopted to replace the Germanized name.

Toponyms

The name Iława is thought to originate from the ancient Prussian word ''ilis'', meaning black. The related Baltic-Slavic word ''ilo'' or ''ilu'' means the black colour but also mud. The name might refer to the swampy area where the city lies, or to the dark water of the lake Jeziorak. The oldest written form of the name Iława is Latin Ylavia. This form appeared on a location document from 1317. Later documents of 1333 and 1334 mention Ylav, while the variety Ylau is mentioned in 1338. In the fifteenth century, the form Ylow and Ylow Thethonicalis appeared. In the years 1430 and 1438, the documents issued by the Dzierzgon command post spoke of Deutschen Ylaw. In the years 1443, 1457 and 1458 the town was named Ylau, and in 1456 it took the form of Ilau, then in 1459 it was changed to Eylaw. The name Deutze Eylau is used in 1457 and its other form Dwetsch Eylau in 1468. Between the 16th and 17th centuries, the names Teutschen Eylau, Deutscheneylau and Theuto Ilavia appear. In the 18th century, the Deutsch Eylau form was adopted, valid until 1933. On 1 January 1934 the name was changed to Stadt Deutsch Eylau (Stadt - en. The town), and since 1945 the Polish name of the town is Iława, which was officially approved on 7 May 1946.Zarządzenie Ministrów: Administracji Publicznej i Ziem Odzyskanych z dnia 7 maja 1946 r. ().

Symbols of the town

On the coat of arms of Iława there is the figure of the Mother of God with the Child in her arms, who sits on the throne at the city gate. The coat of arms of Iława was amended by the resolution of the City Council of May 28, 1998. Iława's city bugle-call was approved by the resolution of the City Council of August 29, 1996. It is played every day at 12.00 on the trumpet from the town hall tower. It was composed in 1995 by Henryk Majewski - a well-known jazz musician, one of the organizers of the Złota Tarka festival held annually in Iława. Hejnał Iławy

The flag of Iława was approved by a resolution of the City Council of April 24, 1997. It depicts the coat of arms of Iława and ten alternately arranged wavy stripes in white and blue, which symbolize waves of Jeziorak lake. POL Iława flag

Neighbourhoods in Iława

* Stare Miasto * Centrum * Ostródzkie * Piastowskie * Młodych * Kormoran * Lipowy Dwór * Gajerek * Podleśne * XXX-lecia * Dzielnica Przemysłowa * Lubawskie * Kopernika * Nowy Świat * Słoneczne * Marina Iława * Wojska Polskiego * Sobieskiego

Demography

Data as of 30 June 2009: Piramida wieku Iława 2016

According to the data of 30 June 2008 the city had 33 775 inhabitants.

Economy and industry

In Iława County there is the second lowest unemployment rate in Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship (5. 8%) just after Olsztyn County (5. 1%) - data as of the end of August 2016. Iława is a subzone of the Warmia and Mazury Special Economic Zone.http://ilawa.praca.gov.pl/documents/2398404/2410635/Stopa%20bezrobocia%20w%202016.pdf/24da74be-21dd-413a-a76b-654b1396a24c?t=1466669939797

Culture

Cultural life

The town holiday is June 11, commemorating the location of Ilawa in 1305. Most of the cultural events in the city are under the patronage of the Iława Culture Centre. At the ICK there is the "Pasja"; cinema, where DKF "Kadr"; operates. There is the Municipal Public Library in Iława, as well as the District Pedagogical Library, which is a part of the District Centre for Education Development in Iława, and a branch of the Warmia and Mazury Pedagogical Library of Iława. The Karol Wojtyła Foundation in Elbląg. There are several art galleries in the city.

Festivals

* Open Air MayDay Lead Festival * International Traditional Jazz Festival "

Złota Tarka Złota Tarka (Golden Washboard) is the International Festival of Traditional Jazz "Old Jazz Meeting - Złota Tarka" ( pl, Międzynarodowy Festiwal Jazzu Tradycyjnego "Old Jazz Meeting - Złota Tarka"), the jazz contest during the festival, and th ...

"; (oldest traditional jazz festival in Europe) * Summer Theatrical Impressions * Jeziorak Szanty * International Festival of Classical Music "Viva Musica" * Fama Rock Festival * Hip-hop and rap music festival - Park Jam * Soundlake Festival

Museums

* Sailing Memorial Chamber * Museum of Automation and Military Affairs * Museum of Graphic Arts "Mon petit Louvre";

Local media

Local press

* Kurier Iławski (weekly) * Gazeta Iławska, weekly supplement to Gazeta Olsztyńska (weekly) * Life of the Region (weekly) * Panorama of the Region (monthly) * Iławski Poviat - Regional monthly magazine * Charming - a newspaper for children and young people published by the Iława Lakeland and Dylewskie Hills Landscape Parks Complex, published three times a year

Television

* Iława internet television ilawatv.pl

Radio

* Radio Eska Iława * Meloradio

Local websites

* ilawa.pl * ilawa.wm.pl * powiatilawski.pl * ilawa.naszemiasto.pl * infoilawa.pl * ilawa.dlawas.info

Iława in culture

In 1974, the film Gniazdo directed by Jan Rybkowski was recorded on Wielka Żuława Island, telling the story of the first years of the Polish state. The action of two adventures of "

Pan Samochodzik Pan Samochodzik (Polish for 'Mister Automobile', also known as Tomasz N.N.) is a fictional art historian, journalist, renowned adventurer and historical detective created by Polish writer Zbigniew Nienacki. He is a main character in a series of a ...

"; - Nowe przygody Pana Samochodzika and Pan Samochodzik i złota rękawica by

Zbigniew Nienacki Zbigniew Nienacki (January 1, 1929 in Łódź – September 23, 1994 in Morąg) was a pen name of Polish writer, Zbigniew Tomasz Nowicki. He was most known for his Pan Samochodzik (Mister Automobile) series. Biography His works consist of ad ...

- took place in Iława and at

. In November 1995.

Volker Schlöndorff Volker Schlöndorff (; born 31 March 1939 Friday) is a German film director, screenwriter and producer who has worked in Germany, France and the United States. He was a prominent member of the New German Cinema of the late 1960s and early 1970s ...

(author of, "Blaszany bębenek";) shot scenes for his film King Olch with

John Malkovich John Malkovich (born December 9, 1953) is an American actor. He is the recipient of several accolades, including a Primetime Emmy Award, in addition to nominations for two Academy Awards, a British Academy Film Award, two Screen Actors Guild Awa ...

in the ruins of Szymbark Castle (8 km from Iława). In 1989, TVP recorded a documentary film Bloody Ilawa about the Ilawa prison famous for its rebellion, pacification and self-mutilation, as well as for the beating of the interned in spring 1982.

Jewish cemetery

The Jewish cemetery in Iława was established shortly after 1812 and covered an area of 0. 44 hectare. It was devastated by the

Nazis Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hit ...

and then liquidated by the communist authorities between 1975 and 1976. The land and the remains of the people buried there were used to renovate the IKS Jeziorak stadium. Currently in its place there is an

IKS Jeziorak IKS or Iks may mean: * the members of the Ik people, Ik tribe in Uganda *IKS magazine (InformCourier-Svyaz) - Russian telecommunications, media, and IT magazine * "Imperial Klingon Starship", a ship prefix used by Klingon starships in ''Star Trek'' ...

training pitch.

Sports

Iława is a centre of water sports. The city has many marinas, water equipment and bicycle rentals. The town has a sports stadium, a sportsand entertainment hall, a sports swimming pool (Sports and Recreation Centre), a bowling alley, a

Pump track A pump track is a circuit of rollers, banked turns and features designed to be ridden completely by riders "pumping"—generating momentum by up and down body movements, instead of pedaling or pushing. It was originally designed for the mountain bi ...

extreme cycling track, a skatepark, an indoor ice rink, a traffic town, 2 guarded beaches, 3 Orlik pitches, a motocross-bike and bicycle track, a forest shootingrange, a rowing track, a mini-golf course, and several gyms. On November 18, 1992 at the Municipal Stadium in Iława a friendly football match between Poland and Latvia took place. The Iława Sports Centre for Tourism and Recreation operates in Iława, which supports various sports sections. In the city there is a sports club

Iława, consisting of several sections, among others football, handball, table tennis and taekwondo. Moreover, there are local clubs, institutions andassociations in Iława which bring together people who practice, amongothers martial arts, rowing, volleyball, tennis, athletics, swimming, shooting and cycling. There is a troop of the Polish Scouting Association in Iława. There aretwo multi-level teams, three teams of hikers (16–21 years old), oneteam of older scouts (13–16 years old), four teams of scouts (19-13years old) and four teams of chefs.

Touristic trails

Walk trails

* Yellow Trail (28. 3 km): from Iława to Samborow along Lake Jeziorak * Blue Trail (26 km): from Iława through Sarnówek to Siemiany along

Lake * Green Trail (41. 3 km): from Iława to Kamieniec * The Forest Teaching Trail "Jasne"; * " Silm"; Forest Teaching Trail

Bike trails

* Trail red (about 60 km): from Iława north east to Jezierzice and west to

Kisielice Kisielice (german: Freystadt in Westpreußen) is a town in northern Poland, in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, with 2,183 inhabitants (2017). Geographical location Kisielice is located on a hill in the vicinity of a small lake in the south o ...

* Trail blue (about 60 km): from Iława to

Zalewo Zalewo (german: Saalfeld in Ostpreußen) is a town in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,977 inhabitants (2008). History The settlement was founded in the 13th century and was granted town rights in 1305. During the Na ...

along Gil Mały,

Gil Wielki Gil Wielki () is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Miłomłyn, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Miłomłyn, west of Ostróda Ostróda (; Old P ...

and

lakes * Trail green (about 137 km): from Iława to

Elbląg Elbląg (; german: Elbing, Old Prussian: ''Elbings'') is a city in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, located in the eastern edge of the Żuławy region with 117,390 inhabitants, as of December 2021. It is the capital of Elbląg County. ...

along the

* Yellow trail (about 131 km): from Gorzno to

along the

Kayak trails

* The Sir Charles Canoeing Trail. John Paul II - Ostróda - Miłomłyn - Siemiany - Gizerek - IŁAWA * The Old Apple Canoeing Trail - Miłomłyn - IŁAWA (length. 63,4 km) - Stare Jabłonki - J. Szeląg M. - J. Szeląg W. - J. Pauzeńskie - Ostróda - J. Drwęckie - K. Elbląski - Miłomłyn - K. Iławski - J.Jeziorak - Chmielówka - Makowo - Szałkowo - IŁAWA * Kayak Trail IŁAWA - Stare Jabłonki (length: 1. 5 km) (73,3 km) -IŁAWA - Iławka - Drwęca - J. Drwęckie - Ostróda - J. Pauzeńskie - J.Szeląg W. i M. - S. Jabłonki * Canoe trail IŁAWA - IŁAWA (length. 136. 7 km) - Reich. Iławka - Rz. Drwęca - J. Drwęckie - Ostróda - J. Szeląg Wielki - J. Szeląg M. - Stare * Jabłonki - K. Elbląski - Miłomłyn - K. Iławski - J. Dauby - J. Jeziorak - IŁAWA

Sail trails

* Trail of Iława and Elbląg canal - IŁAWA - Makowo - Zatoka Kraga - Lake Dauby - Lake Karnickie - Miłomłyn - K. Elbląski - J. Drwęckie * Trail of Jeziorak and Płaskie Lake - IŁAWA - Siemiany - Jerzwałd * Trail of Lake Jeziorak and Ewingi - IŁAWA - Siemiany - Matyty - Dobrzyki - Zalewo * Trail of Iława and Elbląg canal - IŁAWA - Makowo - Zat. Kraga - K.Iławski - Miłomłyn - K. Elbląski

Notable residents

Richard Altmann Richard Altmann (12 March 1852 – 8 December 1900) was a German pathologist and histologist from Deutsch Eylau in the Province of Prussia. Altmann studied medicine in Greifswald, Königsberg, Marburg, and Giessen, obtaining a doctora ...

(1852–1900), pathologist *

Karl Heinemann Karl Heinemann (9 March 1857, in Deutsch-Eylau – 4 July 1927, in Leipzig) was a German literary historian and philologist. He studied classical and German philology at the University of Leipzig. From 1882 he taught classes as a gymnasium te ...

(1857 – 1927) a German literary historian and philologist. *

Erich Diestel __NOTOC__ Erich Diestel (8 November 1892 – 3 August 1973) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Awards and decorations * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross ...

(1892–1973),

Wehrmacht The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmacht''" replaced the previou ...

general *

Friedrich Karst __NOTOC__ Friedrich Karst (4 September 1893 – 18 October 1975) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded several divisions. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Awards and decoration ...

(1893–1975), general *

Gustav Wilke __NOTOC__ Gustav Wilke (6 March 1898 – 14 March 1977) was a German paratroop general during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Awards * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 24 May 1940 as '' ...

(1898–1977),

Fallschirmjäger The ''Fallschirmjäger'' () were the paratrooper branch of the German Luftwaffe before and during World War II. They were the first German paratroopers to be committed in large-scale airborne operations. Throughout World War II, the commander ...

general *

Helmuth Stieff Hellmuth Stieff (6 June 1901 – 8 August 1944) was a German general and a member of the OKH (German Army Headquarters) during World War II. He took part in attempts by the German resistance to assassinate Adolf Hitler on 7 and 20 July 1944. C ...

(1901–1944),

general and resistance fighter *

Joachim Meichssner Joachim Meichssner (4 April 1906 – 29 September 1944) was a German Army officer and member of the Resistance against the Nazi régime. Biography Meichssner was born in Deutsch Eylau, West Prussia, German Empire (modern Iława, Poland). Sin ...

(1906–1944),

officer and resistance fighter *

Paul Semrau Paul Semrau (12 November 1915 – 8 February 1945) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator and wing commander during World War II. As a night fighter ace, he is credited with 46 aerial victories claimed in 350 combat missions.For a list of Luftw ...

(1915–1945),

Luftwaffe The ''Luftwaffe'' () was the aerial-warfare branch of the German '' Wehrmacht'' before and during World War II. Germany's military air arms during World War I, the '' Luftstreitkräfte'' of the Imperial Army and the '' Marine-Fliegerabt ...

pilot *

Mirosław Kochalski Mirosław Kochalski (born 13 October 1965) was the Mayor of Warsaw (interim - after Lech Kaczyński was elected President of Poland). ReferencesProfileon wprost.pl 1965 births Living people People from Iława Mayors of Warsaw National ...

(born 1965) was the Mayor of Warsaw *

Jarosław Kotewicz Jarosław Kotewicz (born March 16, 1969, in Iława) is a retired Polish high jump The high jump is a track and field event in which competitors must jump unaided over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without dislodging it. In its mo ...

(born 1969) a retired Polish high jumper

Gallery

File:645817 Iława Ratusz 02.JPG, Iława town hall File:Iława spichlerz, obecnie mieszkania i salon wystawowy, zdjęcia industrialne.JPG, Former granary at Sobieskiego Street File:Dworzec kolejowy w Iławie.JPG, Iława Główna train station File:Gimnazjum nr 1.JPG, High school in Iława File:Duży Jeziorak.jpg,

lake File:Iława z kosmosu.JPG, View from space

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Iława is

twinned Twinning (making a twin of) may refer to: * In biology and agriculture, producing two offspring (i.e., twins) at a time, or having a tendency to do so; * Twin towns and sister cities, towns and cities involved in town twinning * Twinning inst ...

with: * Herborn (

) *

Tholen Tholen () is a 25,000 people Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the southwest of the Netherlands. The municipality of Tholen takes its name from the town of Tholen, which is the largest population center in the municipality. The m ...

(

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

) *

Gargždai Gargždai () is a city in western Lithuania located in Klaipėda County. The Minija River flows through the city.John S. Jaffer ShtetLinks: Gargzdai (Gorzd), LithuaniaJewishGen, Inc., the Home of Jewish Genealogy. Accessed June 18, 2011. Gargž ...

( Lithuania)

References

External links

* http://kirkuty.xip.pl/ilawa.htm * http://www.sztetl.org.pl/pl/article/ilawa/12,cmentarze/19196,cmentarz-przy-ul-biskupskiej/
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ilawa Cities and towns in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship Iława County Kulm law