Major-General Ivor John Caradoc Herbert, 1st Baron Treowen, CB, CMG,

KStJ The Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (), commonly known as the Order of St John, and also known as St John International, is an order of chivalry constituted in 1888 by royal charter from Queen Victoria and dedica ...

(15 July 1851 – 18 October 1933), known as Sir Ivor Herbert, Bt, between 1907 and 1917, was a British Liberal politician and

British Army The British Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of the United Kingdom. the British Army comprises 73,847 regular full-time personnel, 4,127 Brigade of Gurkhas, Gurkhas, 25,742 Army Reserve (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve perso ...

officer An officer is a person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization. The term derives from Old French ''oficier'' "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French ''officier''), from Medieval Latin ''officiarius'' "an officer," fro ...

in the

Grenadier Guards The Grenadier Guards (GREN GDS) is the most senior infantry regiment of the British Army, being at the top of the Infantry Order of Precedence. It can trace its lineage back to 1656 when Lord Wentworth's Regiment was raised in Bruges to protect ...

,His name is given as "Colonel Ivor Herbert, of the Grenadier Guards" in 1896 in an article about his grandmother's death.. Retrieved 10 August 2007 who served as Officer Commanding the Militia of Canada from 1890 to 1895. He was made a

baronet A baronet ( or ; abbreviated Bart or Bt) or the female equivalent, a baronetess (, , or ; abbreviation Btss), is the holder of a baronetcy, a hereditary title awarded by the British Crown. The title of baronet is mentioned as early as the 14th ...

in 1907 and raised to a

baron Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often Hereditary title, hereditary, in various European countries, either current or historical. The female equivalent is baroness. Typically, the title denotes an aristocrat who ranks higher than ...

y in 1917.

Background

Herbert was born at the family seat Llanarth Court, Llanarth in

Monmouthshire Monmouthshire ( ; ) is a Principal areas of Wales, county in the South East Wales, south east of Wales. It borders Powys to the north; the English counties of Herefordshire and Gloucestershire to the north and east; the Severn Estuary to the s ...

, the eldest son of John Arthur Edward Herbert, formerly Arthur Jones, of Llanarth (1818–1895). In 1846 Ivor's father married Augusta Hall, the only surviving child and heir of

Benjamin Hall, 1st Baron Llanover Benjamin Hall, Baron Llanover (8 November 1802 – 27 April 1867) was a Whigs (British political party), Whig / Liberal Party UK, Liberal politician and social, church, health and local government reformer who served in the House of Commons of ...

(1802–1867) and his wife Augusta Hall, Baroness Llanover. The marriage took place on 12 November 1846 and two years later, the father and his brothers assumed the name of Herbert by royal licence as the senior branch of the Herbert family. (Ironically, no member of this family had been known by that name, so the Jones family was actually taking the name of a junior and more well-known branch, the Herbert earls of Powis descended from an ancient Welsh

Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...

family). His mother was the Honourable Augusta Charlotte Elizabeth Hall, the only surviving daughter and sole heiress of

and his wife Augusta Waddington, better known as the Welsh cultural nationalist Lady Llanover, heiress of the considerable Llanover estate in Monmouthshire. He had two younger brothers, Edward Bleiddyn and

Arthur Arthur is a masculine given name of uncertain etymology. Its popularity derives from it being the name of the legendary hero King Arthur. A common spelling variant used in many Slavic, Romance, and Germanic languages is Artur. In Spanish and Ital ...

, whose descendants still own Llanover, and the adjoining Llanarth estate.

Military career

Herbert was a

officer. In 1870 he purchased a commission as ensign in the

, with the rank of lieutenant in the Army, and in 1874 he was promoted to lieutenant, ranking as a captain. In February 1882 he was seconded for service on the staff, serving as brigade-major of the

Home District The Home District was one of four districts of the Province of Quebec created in 1788 in the western reaches of the Montreal District and detached in 1791 to create the new colony of Upper Canada. It was abolished with the adoption of the county ...

until August that year, when he was appointed brigade-major of the 1st Brigade in the 1st Division of the Expeditionary Force sent to Egypt. For his service in the 1882 Egyptian Campaign he was mentioned in despatches by Sir Garnet Wolseley, was awarded the fourth class of the

Order of the Medjidie Order of the Medjidie (, August 29, 1852 – 1922) was a military and civilian order of the Ottoman Empire. The order was instituted in 1851 by Sultan Abdulmejid I. History Instituted in 1851, the order was awarded in five classes, with the Firs ...

by the Khedive of Egypt, and received the

brevet rank In military terminology, a brevet ( or ) is a warrant which gives commissioned officers a higher military rank as a reward without necessarily conferring the authority and privileges granted by that rank. The promotion would be noted in the of ...

of major. He then again served as brigade-major of the Home District from November 1882 to 1883. In 1883 Herbert was promoted to captain in the Grenadier Guards, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the Army. He was again seconded to serve as

military attaché A military attaché or defence attaché (DA),Defence Attachés
''Geneva C ...

at St Petersburg in 1886, was granted the brevet rank of colonel in 1889 and promoted to major in the Grenadier Guards in 1890. Later in 1890 he was granted the local rank of major-general while commanding the

Canadian Militia The Canadian Militia is a historical title for military units raised for the defence of Canada. The term has been used to describe sedentary militia units raised from local communities in Canada; as well as the regular army for the Province of Ca ...

, serving until 1895. In 1897 he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in the Grenadier Guards, and commanded the Colonial Contingent during the 1897 Diamond Jubilee celebrations. His regimental service ended when he went on half-pay in 1898. He was promoted to substantive colonel and was assistant adjutant-general on the Home District staff from 1898 until he went to South Africa in 1899, serving in the

Second Boer War The Second Boer War (, , 11 October 189931 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, Transvaal War, Anglo–Boer War, or South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer republics (the South African Republic and ...

as assistant adjutant-general in the South African Field Force with responsibility for foreign representatives in the country. In 1901 he vacated his staff appointment and was placed on half-pay, and he retired from the Army in 1908. In 1909 he was appointed honorary colonel of the 3rd Battalion,

Monmouthshire Regiment The Monmouthshire Regiment was a Army Reserve (United Kingdom), Territorial infantry regiment of the British Army. Originating in units of Volunteer Force (Great Britain), rifle volunteers formed in Monmouthshire (historic), Monmouthshire in 1859, ...

, and in 1912 he was granted the honorary rank of major-general.

Political career

Herbert was Member of Parliament (MP) for

South Monmouthshire South is one of the cardinal directions or Points of the compass, compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both west and east. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Pro ...

from 1906 until 1917. In 1907 he was created a Baronet, of Llanarth and

Treowen Treowen (or Tre-owen) is an early 17th-century house in Monmouthshire, Wales, regarded as "the most important gentry house (of its date) in the county". It is located in open countryside within the parish of Wonastow, about ½ mile (1 km) no ...

in the county of Monmouth. On 20 June 1917 he was further honoured when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Treowen, of Treowen and Llanarth in the County of Monmouth. As a Catholic, he made efforts to remove Cromwell's Statue from Westminster.

Family

Lord Treowen was married on 31 July 1873 in London to the Honourable Albertina Agnes Mary Denison (22 September 1854 – 20 October 1929 London), youngest daughter of the

Albert Denison, 1st Baron Londesborough Albert Denison Denison, 1st Baron Londesborough, Royal Guelphic Order, KCH, Royal Society, FRS, Society of Antiquaries of London, FSA (''né'' Conyngham; 21 October 1805 – 15 January 1860), was a British Whigs (British political party), Whig Pa ...

(himself a son of Henry Conyngham, 1st Marquess Conyngham and his wife, a mistress of

George IV George IV (George Augustus Frederick; 12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 29 January 1820 until his death in 1830. At the time of his accession to the throne, h ...

) and his second and younger daughter by his second wife, the former Ursula Bridgeman (later Lady Otho FitzGerald; she died 1883). Lady Treowen founded and was the first President of the Ottawa Decorative Art Society. She was President of the Woman's Humane Society, and the first President of the Humane Society of Ottawa, and, had cabmen's shelters erected in Ottawa. As a member of the Band of Mercy Union, in 1892, she championed a resolution protesting against the use of the check-rein, and agreeing not to use or hire horses that were check-reined. She urged the erection of a national monument to Laura Secord. She was the honorary Secretary to an organization that raised a fund by the women of Canada to present a wedding gift to the Prince and Princess of Wales. Lord and Lady Treowen had two children. * Hon. Fflorens Mary Ursula Herbert (12 February 1879-18 March 1969) Girl Guiding's Chief Commissioner of Wales from 1924 to 1928. Married Walter Francis Roch (20 January 1880-3 March 1965). * Hon. Elydir John Bernard Herbert (13 January 1881-12 November 1917) died in Balin, Palestine, aged 36. He was unmarried. Elydir Herbert, who had been awarded the Order of the White Eagle by Serbia, died while on service in the First World War with the

Royal Gloucestershire Hussars The Royal Gloucestershire Hussars was a volunteer yeomanry regiment which, in the 20th century, became part of the British Army Reserve. It traced its origins to the First or Cheltenham Troop of Gloucestershire Gentleman and Yeomanry raised i ...

. He is buried in

Gaza War Cemetery The Gaza War Cemetery () is a cemetery administered by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission on the Salah al-Din Road in Tuffah, Gaza City, Palestine. Before the Gaza war (2023–present), the cemetery's maintenance was managed by the Hamas gov ...

. The baronetcy and barony became extinct on Lord Treowen's death.

Honours

* CB : Companion of the

Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by King George I of Great Britain, George I on 18 May 1725. Recipients of the Order are usually senior British Armed Forces, military officers or senior Civil Service ...

* CMG: Companion of the

Order of St Michael and St George The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince of Wales (the future King George IV), while he was acting as prince regent for his father, King George III ...

* Commander of the

Order of the Crown of Italy The Order of the Crown of Italy ( or OCI) was founded as a national order in 1868 by King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy, Vittorio Emanuele II, to commemorate Italian unification, the unification of Italy in 1861. It was awarded in five degrees for ...

- ''1901'' - in recognition of his services when in charge of Italian and other foreign representatives in South Africa * Officer of the French

Legion d'Honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and civil. Currently consisting of five classes, it was ...

- ''1902'' - in recognition of his services when in charge of the foreign representatives attached to the British Army in South Africa

References

External links

A short history of the Jones, later Herbert, family up to the death of Lord Treowen
gives some details on the name change in 1848 by Royal Licence Retrieved 10 August 2007.