John Horvat (; ; died 15 August 1394) was a Croato– Hungarian

nobleman Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. T ...

in the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coro ...

Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...

who served as Ban of Macsó from 1376 to 1381, and again between 1385 and 1386. Horvat was the brother of

Ladislaus Ladislaus ( or according to the case) is a masculine given name of Slavic origin. It may refer to: * Ladislaus of Hungary (disambiguation) * Ladislaus I (disambiguation) * Ladislaus II (disambiguation) * Ladislaus III (disambiguation) * La ...

and

Paul Paul may refer to: People * Paul (given name), a given name, including a list of people * Paul (surname), a list of people * Paul the Apostle, an apostle who wrote many of the books of the New Testament * Ray Hildebrand, half of the singing duo ...

Bishop of Zagreb The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Zagreb (; ) is the central Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Croatia, centered in the capital city Zagreb. It is the metropolitan see of Croatia, and the present archbishop is Dražen Kutleša. It ...

, and nephew of John of Palisna. Together with his uncle, Horvat led the uprising against Queen Mary and her mother and regent,

Elizabeth of Bosnia Elizabeth of Bosnia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=/, Elizabeta Kotromanić, Јелисавета Котроманић ; ; ; – January 1387) was queen consort of Kingdom of Hungary, Hungary and Croatia in personal union with Hungary, Croat ...

. He assisted King

Charles III of Naples Charles of Durazzo, also called Charles the Small (1345 – 24 February 1386), was King of Naples and the titular King of Jerusalem from 1382 to 1386 as Charles III, and King of Hungary from 1385 to 1386 as Charles II. In 1381, Charles created ...

in deposing Mary and assuming the Hungarian crown in late 1385. Queen Elizabeth soon had Charles murdered. In 1386, Horvat and his uncle captured the queens in

Gorjani Gorjani may refer to: * Gorjani, Croatia, a village and municipality near Đakovo * Gorjani (Užice), a village in Serbia * Gorjani, the Slovene name of Montenars, a commune in Italy * Gorjani Sutinski, a village near Radoboj, Croatia See als ...

and imprisoned them. Elizabeth was strangled on the orders of Horvat's uncle, while Mary was eventually released by her husband,

Sigismund of Luxembourg Sigismund of Luxembourg (15 February 1368 – 9 December 1437) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1433 until his death in 1437. He was elected King of Germany (King of the Romans) in 1410, and was also King of Bohemia from 1419, as well as prince-elec ...

, who had recently been crowned king of Hungary. Horvat's ally was Elizabeth's first cousin, King

Tvrtko I of Bosnia Stephen Tvrtko I ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Stjepan/Stefan Tvrtko, Стјепан/Стефан Твртко; 1338 – 10 March 1391) was the first king of Bosnia. A member of the House of Kotromanić, he succeeded his uncle Stephen II ...

, who appointed him and his brothers governors of Usora. Horvat himself was also granted the city of

Omiš Omiš () is a town and port in the Dalmatia region of Croatia, and a municipality in the Split-Dalmatia County. The town is approximately south-east of Croatia's second largest city, Split (city), Split, where the Cetina River meets the Adriatic ...

by King Tvrtko. However, Tvrtko died in 1391 and three years later, Horvat was captured by King Sigismund. Sigismund and Mary then avenged her mother's death by having Horvat brutally executed in

Pécs Pécs ( , ; ; Slovak language, Slovak: ''Päťkostolie''; also known by #Name, alternative names) is List of cities and towns of Hungary#Largest cities in Hungary, the fifth largest city in Hungary, on the slopes of the Mecsek mountains in the c ...

on 15 August 1394.

References

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John John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second E ...

14th-century Hungarian nobility Bans of Macsó 14th-century Croatian military personnel 1394 deaths Year of birth unknown People executed by Hungary Executed Croatian people Executed Hungarian people 14th-century Croatian nobility {{Croatia-bio-stub