{{Infobox noble, type , name = John Nelipić
''Ivan Nelipić'' , title = Duke of

Knin Knin (, sr, link=no, Книн, it, link=no, Tenin) is a city in the Šibenik-Knin County of Croatia, located in the Dalmatian hinterland near the source of the river Krka (Croatia), Krka, an important traffic junction on the rail and road route ...

, image = , caption = Nelipić coat of arms , alt = , CoA = , more = no , succession = , reign = , reign-type = , predecessor = , successor = , suc-type = , spouse = Vladislava Kurjaković , spouse-type = , issue = Ivan II Nelipić , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , styles = , titles = , noble family = Nelipić noble family , house-type = , father = Juraj Nelipić , mother = , birth_date = , birth_place = , christening_date = , christening_place = , death_date = 1344 , burial_date = , burial_place = , religion =

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ...

, occupation = , memorials = , url = , module = Ivan Nelipić (died 1344) was a local ruler and Duke of

(''knez'' Knina), who also held

Drniš Drniš is a town in Croatia, located in inland Dalmatia, about halfway between Šibenik and Knin. History The name Drniš was mentioned for the first time in a contract dated March 8, 1494. However, there are traces of older Middle Ages' fortr ...

and the region around the rivers

Cetina Cetina () is a river in southern Croatia. It has a length of and its basin covers an area of . From its source, Cetina descends from an elevation of above sea level to the Adriatic Sea. It is the most water-rich river in Dalmatia.Naklada Naprijed ...

Čikola Čikola ( it, link=no, Cigola) is a river of 47.8 km in length, located in Dalmatia, southern Croatia. Description Čikola river's springs is near the village Čavoglave, flows through the city of Drniš and then flows near village of M ...

, Krka, and

Zrmanja Zrmanja (, it, Zermagna) is a river in southern Lika and northern Dalmatia, Croatia. It is long and its basin covers an area of . It was known to the ancient Romans as ''Tedanius''. The spring of Zrmanja is located in southern part of Lika unde ...

. He was a member of the Croatian Nelipić noble family. Following the fall of the Šubić noble family, Ivan Nelipić seized Knin and successfully repelled attacks from both King

Charles I Charles I may refer to: Kings and emperors * Charlemagne (742–814), numbered Charles I in the lists of Holy Roman Emperors and French kings * Charles I of Anjou (1226–1285), also king of Albania, Jerusalem, Naples and Sicily * Charles I of ...

and the Šubić noble family, becoming the most powerful individual in Croatia between 1322 and 1344.

Biography

Ivan Nelipić was a son of the nobleman George (Juraj) and had a brother Isan II, whose son Constantine was Nelipić's ally.

Rise of power

Ivan Nelipić's career began at the court of

Mladen II Šubić of Bribir Mladen II Šubić of Bribir ( hr, Mladen II Šubić Bribirski, hu, bribiri Subics Mladen; c.1270 – c.1341), a Croatian leader and member of the Šubić noble family, was a Ban of Croatia and Lord of all of Bosnia. After succeeding his fat ...

, where he held the title of

Voivode Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the ...

.Opća i nacionalna enciklopedija u 20 svezaka, str. 226 Consequently, he was among the nobles who revolted against Mladen's rule and saw his downfall at the 1322

Battle of Bliska The Battle of Bliska (present day Blizna in the hinterland of Trogir called Zagora, southern Croatia) was fought in 1322 between the army of a coalition of several Croatian noblemen and Dalmatian coastal towns (with the support of the king Char ...

. He then expelled the royal forces from Knin and made the city his seat. He was supported by the three brothers of

Mladen II Šubić Mladen () is a South Slavic masculine given name, derived from the Slavic root ''mlad'' (, ), meaning "young". It is present in Bulgarian, Serbian, and Croatian society since the Middle Ages. Notable people with the name include: * Mladen (vojv ...

;

Juraj II Šubić Juraj is a given name used in a number of Slavic languages, including Czech, Slovak, and Croatian. Pronounced "You-rye" but with a trilled r. The English equivalent of the name is George. Notable people * Juraj Chmiel, Czech diplomat and politicia ...

, Grgur III Šubić and Pavao II Šubić.

Nelipac's plight

King Charles Robert ordered the new

Ban of Slavonia Ban of Slavonia ( hr, Slavonski ban; hu, szlavón bán; la, Sclavoniæ banus) or the Ban of "Whole Slavonia" ( hr, ban cijele Slavonije; hu, egész Szlavónia bánja; la, totius Sclavoniæ banus) was the title of the governor of a territor ...

Nicholas Felsőlendvai Nicholas is a male given name and a surname. The Eastern Orthodox Church, the Roman Catholic Church, and the Anglican Churches celebrate Saint Nicholas every year on December 6, which is the name day for "Nicholas". In Greece, the name and its ...

and Stepan II of Kotroman to launch a joint offensive against Nelipić in

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

. Nicholas' expedition eventually failed, although, it did rise up

(brother of Mladen II Šubić) against Nelipić, as well as the Princes from Krka Frangepans, the City of

Zadar Zadar ( , ; historically known as Zara (from Venetian and Italian: ); see also other names), is the oldest continuously inhabited Croatian city. It is situated on the Adriatic Sea, at the northwestern part of Ravni Kotari region. Zadar serv ...

and eventually, the

Ban of Bosnia This is a list of rulers of Bosnia, containing bans and kings of Medieval Bosnia This is the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Middle Ages, between the ancient and Roman period and the Ottoman period. Early Middle Ages The western ...

Stepan II himself. The movement wanted to return the Šubić dynasty to power in Croatia with Juraj II Šubić at the Throne. Stepan again changed allegiances and now fought for the Šubićs again. It all eventually turned into an all-out war when the armies of Prince Nelipac and Juraj II Šubić clashed near the waterfalls of Krka in the Summer of 1324. Stepan gave considerable support to the Šubićs, but he did not dare involve into the fight himself. It was good that he didn't, because the Šubić's party was massacred near

and Juraj II Šubić himself was captured by Prince Nelipić soon. Stepan had attempted to liberate Juraj II from imprisonment, but all attempts failed. Prince Nelipić immediately pushed the fight against Stepan II. Nelipić managed to conquer the city of Visuć, but Stepan's long-ago given privileges to the nobility had finally been proven useful, as ''Vuk of Vukoslav'' had helped him to retake the city. Although Stepan's military ambitions only relatively successful he continued to wage war against the enemies of the Šubićs. His target was the City of

Trogir Trogir (; historically known as Traù (from Dalmatian, Venetian and Italian: ); la, Tragurium; Ancient Greek: Τραγύριον, ''Tragyrion'' or Τραγούριον, ''Tragourion'') is a historic town and harbour on the Adriatic coast in S ...

which was one of the major supporters of Nelipić's campaigning. Stepan has adopted a harsh tactic. His forces have raided Caravans from Trogir, which eventually forced its denizens to humbly sign peace and addressed to him as the ''high and mighty lord Stepan free ruler and master of Bosnia, Usora and Soli and many other places and Prince of the Hum''. It is because of this that Stepan opened a conflict with the

Republic of Dubrovnik hr, Sloboda se ne prodaje za sve zlato svijeta it, La libertà non si vende nemmeno per tutto l'oro del mondo"Liberty is not sold for all the gold in the world" , population_estimate = 90 000 in the XVI Century , currency = ...

regarding trade. Stepan was shown as a very tough negotiator and the negotiations have finally ended in 1326. After seeing that Ban Nicholas Felsőlendvai was unable to weaken the position of Prince Nelipić,

Hungarian King This is a list of Hungarian monarchs, that includes the grand princes (895–1000) and the kings and ruling queens of Hungary (1000–1918). The Principality of Hungary established 895 or 896, following the 9th-century Hungarian conquest of the ...

Charles I Robert deposed him. The new man for the job was one o his most trusted men, Mikcs Ákos. Ban Mikcs advanced to

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

in the Summer of 1325. Bosnian Ban Stepan II sent squadrons of troops to assist him in his offensive. In 1326, Mikcs took the cities of the Babonić family advance deeper into Croatia, meeting with Stepan's reinforcements. The expedition eventually reached little success, so Mikcs sent a portion of his army to

Bihać Bihać ( cyrl, Бихаћ) is a city and the administrative centre of Una-Sana Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated on the banks of river Una in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovi ...

which would serve as defence against possible Nelipić's counterattacks and retreated to

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croa ...

, to the

King King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the ...

Family connections

Ivan Nelipić had a nephew, Konstantin, who helped him in his reign. Soon after Nelipić's death in 1344, Konstantin also died 1355. Nelipić was married to princess Vladislava Kurjaković from Krbava and had a son Ivan II Nelipac.Opća i nacionalna enciklopedija u 20 svezaka, str. 226.

External links

Croatian General Encyclopedia ArticleIvan Nelipić
on

Proleksis Encyclopedia The ''Proleksis Encyclopedia'' ( hr, Proleksis enciklopedija) is the first Croatian general and national online encyclopedia. ''Proleksis Encyclopedia'' features more than 62,000 articles and more than 17,000 photographs, illustrations and maps. ...

References