Ishak Bey or Ishak-Beg or Ishak-Beg Hranić was an Ottoman governor and soldier, the Sanjakbey of Üsküb from 1415 to 1439.

Biography

According to some sources he was a member of the Bosnian Hranušić family, released

slave Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour. Slavery typically involves compulsory work, with the slave's location of work and residence dictated by the party that holds them in bondage. Enslavemen ...

and adopted son of

Pasha Yiğit Bey Pasha Yiğit Bey or Saruhanli Pasha Yiğit Bey (, also ''Pasaythus'' or ''Basaitus''; died 1413) was an Ottoman Turkish civil and military officer at the end of the 14th and beginning of the 15th century. Life He was born in Manisa and was of ...

. It is very possible that in the spirit of the customs of the time, his brother

Sandalj Hranić Sandalj Hranić Kosača ( cyrl, Сандаљ Хранић Косача; 1370 – 15 March 1435) was a powerful Bosnian nobleman whose primary possessions consisted of Hum, land areas between Adriatic coast, the Neretva and the Drina rivers ...

sent him to the sultan's court as a political and diplomatic move as a sign of loyalty to the emperor. His biological father was

Hrana Vuković Hrana Vuković ( sr-Cyrl, Храна Вуковић) was a Bosnian magnate who ruled the area between Neretva and Drina rivers in Bosnia with the title ''Grand Duke of Bosnia'' prior to 1380. He was the father of Sandalj Hranić and brother of Vl ...

, his full name is Ishak Bey Hranić and according to whom Ishak's most famous son Isa Bey, along with his father's and grandfather's

patronymic A patronymic, or patronym, is a component of a personal name based on the given name of one's father, grandfather (more specifically an avonymic), or an earlier male ancestor. It is the male equivalent of a matronymic. Patronymics are used, b ...

, will be - Isa Bey Ishaković Hranušić. Ishak Bey is the founder of the Ottoman branch of the aristocratic Bosnian Kosača - Isabegović family. Ishak was appointed ruler by Porte at the time of the conquest of

Foča Foča ( sr-Cyrl, Фоча, ) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in the south-east on the banks of Drina river. As of 2013, the town has a population of 12,234 inhabitants, while the municipality has 1 ...

Čajniče Čajniče ( sr-cyr, Чајниче, ) is a town and a municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 2,401 inhabitants, while the municipality has 4,895 inhabitants. History When the German and ...

Pljevlja Pljevlja (, ) is a town located in the Northern Montenegro, Northern Region of Montenegro, situated along Ćehotina, Ćehotina river. The town lies at an altitude of . In the Middle Ages, Pljevlja had been a crossroad of the important commercial ...

and

Nevesinje Nevesinje ( sr-cyrl, Невесиње) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 5,162 inhabitants, while the municipality has 12,961 inhabitants. Geography The municipality o ...

in today's

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

. In

1420 Year 1420 ( MCDXX) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 25 – The civil war in Switzerland, which had pitted the cantons of Lucerne, Uri and Unterwalden, supporting rebels ...

Ishak Bey organized a successful private campaign in Bosnia to support brother's struggle against his enemies. He executed Sandalj's opponent Petar Pavlovic and then Ishak Bey divided conquered territory with Sandalj. In attempt to relieve Ottoman pressure during the Siege of Thessalonica Venice inspired

Gjon Kastrioti Gjon Kastrioti was an Albanians, Albanian feudal lord from the House of Kastrioti and the father of Albanian leader Gjergj Kastrioti (better known as Skanderbeg). He governed the territory between the Cape of Rodon and Debar, Dibër and had a ...

to rebel against Ottomans in 1428. After Ottomans captured Thessalonica in April 1430 their forces led by Ishak bey captured most of Gjon's land. He positioned Ottoman garrison in two Gjon's castles and destroyed rest of them. In December 1434 during an Albanian revolt he marched in south-central Albania but was defeated by

Gjergj Arianiti Gjergj Arianiti (13??–1462) was an Albanian feudal lord who led several successful campaigns against the Ottoman Empire. He was the father of Donika, Skanderbeg's wife, as well as the uncle of Moisi Golemi. Gjergj Arianiti was Skanderbeg's ...

. Contemporary sources from the senate of Ragusa mention that many Ottoman soldiers were captured, while Ishak Bey escaped with a small group. In

1439 . Year 1439 ( MCDXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 4 – A truce is signed at Breslau between King Albert of Hungary and King Casimir IV of Poland to end the 8-m ...

, when he was returning from his trip to

Mecca Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above ...

, he was ordered by the sultan to join forces of Şihabeddin Pasha and besiege

Novo Brdo Novo Brdo ( sr-Cyrl, Ново Брдо) or Novobërda and Artanë ( Albanian indefinite form: ''Novobërdë'' or ''Artanë''), is a town and municipality located in the Pristina district of Kosovo. According to the 2011 census, it has a populati ...

, important fortified mining town of

Serbian Despotate The Serbian Despotate () was a medieval Serbian state in the first half of the 15th century. Although the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 is mistakenly considered the end of medieval Serbia, the Despotate, a successor of the Serbian Empire and Moravi ...

. On 6 August

the Ottoman forces under Ishak-Beg defeated forces of Serbian Despotate in a battle fought near Novo Brdo. In November 1443 he commanded one of Ottoman armies during the Battle of Niš which ended with Ottoman defeat.

Sultan Sultan (; ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be use ...

appointed Himmetizade Nesuh Bey to be the new ruler of

Bosansko Krajište The Ottoman conquest of Bosnia and Herzegovina was a process that started roughly in 1386, when the first Ottoman attacks on the Kingdom of Bosnia took place. In 1451, more than 65 years after its initial attacks, the Ottoman Empire officially es ...

in period between 1439 and 1454 when Isa-Beg Ishaković, Ishak Bey's son and ruler of

Skopsko Krajište Heineken N.V. is a Dutch brewer which owns a worldwide portfolio of over 170 beer brands, mainly pale lager, though some other beer styles are produced. The two largest brands are Heineken and Tecate; though the portfolio includes Amstel, Fost ...

took over control over Bosansko Krajište also for period 1454—1463. His grandson Gazi Mehmed Bey Isabegović aka Čelebi was

sanjak-bey ''Sanjak-bey'', ''sanjaq-bey'' or ''-beg'' () was the title given in the Ottoman Empire to a bey (a high-ranking officer, but usually not a pasha) appointed to the military and administrative command of a district (''sanjak'', in Arabic '' liwa’' ...

Bosnian Sanjak Sanjak of Bosnia (, / Босански санџак) was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire established in 1463 when the lands conquered from the Bosnian Kingdom were transformed into a sanjak and Isa-Beg Isaković was appointed its firs ...

in period 1484–1485 and sanjak-bey of

Sanjak of Herzegovina The Sanjak of Herzegovina (; ) was an Ottoman administrative unit established in 1470. The seat was in Foča until 1572 when it was moved to Taşlıca (Pljevlja). The sanjak was initially part of the Eyalet of Rumelia but was administrated int ...

in period 1507-1510 and 1513-1515. He built the

Ishak Bey Mosque The Old Bazaar (; ; ) also known as Turkish Bazaar (; ) is a bazaar located in Skopje, North Macedonia, situated on the eastern bank of the Vardar River, stretching from the Stone Bridge to the Bit-Pazar and from the Skopje Fortress to the Sera ...

Skopje Skopje ( , ; ; , sq-definite, Shkupi) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It lies in the northern part of the country, in the Skopje Basin, Skopje Valley along the Vardar River, and is the political, economic, and cultura ...

, where his

tomb A tomb ( ''tumbos'') or sepulchre () is a repository for the remains of the dead. It is generally any structurally enclosed interment space or burial chamber, of varying sizes. Placing a corpse into a tomb can be called '' immurement'', alth ...

is also located.

Family tree

After

Franz Babinger Franz Babinger (15 January 1891 – Durrës, 23 June 1967) was a well-known German orientalist and historian of the Ottoman Empire, best known for his biography of the great Ottoman emperor Mehmed II, known as "the Conqueror", originally published ...

in the ''

Encyclopedia of Islam The ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (''EI'') is a reference work that facilitates the academic study of Islam. It is published by Brill and provides information on various aspects of Islam and the Islamic world. It is considered to be the standard ...

'': After Amir Isajbegović in the "Kuća onih što sade dud - rekonstrukcija"Amir Isajbegović
Kuća onih što sade dud - rekonstrukcija
Zagreb 2022. pp. 66 ISBN 978-953-49425-0-5 IshakBeyFamilyTree

Notes

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ishak Bey 14th-century births 14th-century Ottoman military personnel 15th-century Ottoman military personnel Medieval Bosnian nobility Ottoman Bosnian nobility Muslims of the Crusade of Varna Bosnian Muslims from the Ottoman Empire People from the Ottoman Empire of Bosnian descent Year of death unknown Hranić noble family