The Intertribal Friendship House (IFH) of
Oakland
Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States. A major West Coast of the United States, West Coast port, Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the third ...
is one of the oldest Native American-focused urban resource and community organizations in the United States. Founded in 1955, IFH was created by local residents, similarly to
American Indian Center in
Chicago
(''City in a Garden''); I Will
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. Beginning in 1952, the
United States Bureau of Indian Affairs
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States federal agency within the Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing federal laws and policies related to American Indians and Al ...
(BIA) supported a plan to relocate Native Americans to urban areas, further encouraged by the
Indian Relocation Act of 1956
The Indian Relocation Act of 1956 (also known as Public Law 959 or the Adult Vocational Training Program) was a United States law intended to create a "a program of vocational training" for Native Americans in the United States. Critics charact ...
. The IFH continues to offer educational activities, elder and youth programs, holiday meals, counseling for social services, space for community meetings, conferences, receptions, memorials, and family affairs.
According to author Ed Vulliamy, 90% of Native Americans in California, "of which the majority are not indigenous California tribes," currently "live in cities."
Related Groups
Organizations and institutions, especially of the
San Francisco Bay Area
The San Francisco Bay Area, often referred to as simply the Bay Area, is a populous region surrounding the San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun Bay estuaries in Northern California. The Bay Area is defined by the Association of Bay Area Gov ...
that at some point were or are currently related to or affiliated with IFH include:
*
Native American Health Center
*
American Indian Child Resource Center
*
United Indian Nations
The Northwestern Confederacy, or Northwestern Indian Confederacy, was a loose confederacy of Native Americans in the Great Lakes region of the United States created after the American Revolutionary War. Formally, the confederacy referred to i ...
*
Indigenous Nations Child and Family Agency
Indigenous may refer to:
*Indigenous peoples
*Indigenous (ecology), presence in a region as the result of only natural processes, with no human intervention
*Indigenous (band), an American blues-rock band
*Indigenous (horse), a Hong Kong racehorse ...
*
San Francisco Indian Center
*
Friendship House Association of American Indians: An inpatient substance abuse treatment center in San Francisco. Former board member "
eterBratt, whose mother is indigenous Peruvian, explained that 'today most of our clients are from California tribes.' "
*
California Indian Legal Services
*
American Indian Film Institute
*
American Indian AIDS Institute of San Francisco
See also
*
American Indian Center
*
International Indian Treaty Council
*
American Indian Public Charter School
References
External links
Intertribal Friendship Houseofficial website.
* Bureau of Indian Affairs under the United State
Department of the Interior
{{Authority control
Buildings and structures in Oakland, California
Native American history of California
1955 establishments in California