The India–Nepal border is an

open Open or OPEN may refer to: Music * Open (band), Australian pop/rock band * The Open (band), English indie rock band * ''Open'' (Blues Image album), 1969 * ''Open'' (Gerd Dudek, Buschi Niebergall, and Edward Vesala album), 1979 * ''Open'' (Go ...

international boundary Borders are generally defined as geographical boundaries, imposed either by features such as oceans and terrain, or by political entities such as governments, sovereign states, federated states, and other subnational entities. Political borders ...

running between the republics of

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

and

Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...

. The long border includes the Himalayan territories as well as

Indo-Gangetic Plain The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the Northern Plain or North Indian River Plain, is a fertile plain spanning across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses North India, northern and East India, easte ...

the subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a physiographic region of Asia below the Himalayas which projects into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west. It is now divided between Bangladesh, India, and Pakista ...

. The current border was delimited after the

Sugauli treaty The Treaty of Sugauli (also spelled Sugowlee, Sagauli and Segqulee), the treaty that established the boundary line of Nepal, was signed on 4 March 1816 between the East India Company and Guru Gajraj Mishra following the Anglo-Nepalese War of ...

of 1816 between Nepal and the

British Raj The British Raj ( ; from Hindustani language, Hindustani , 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the colonial rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent, * * lasting from 1858 to 1947. * * It is also called Crown rule ...

. Following Indian independence, the prevailing border was recognised as the international border between the

Kingdom of Nepal The Kingdom of Nepal was a Hindu monarchy in South Asia, founded in 1768 through the unification of Nepal, expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom. The kingdom was also known as the Gorkha Empire and was sometimes called History of Asal Hindustan, ...

and the

Dominion of India The Dominion of India, officially the Union of India, * * was an independent dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations existing between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950. Until its Indian independence movement, independence, India had be ...

Description

The border starts in the west at the western

tripoint A triple border, tripoint, trijunction, triple point, or tri-border area is a geography, geographical point at which the boundaries of three countries or Administrative division, subnational entities meet. There are 175 international tripoints ...

with China near the Limpuyadhura. It then proceeds to the south-west through the

Himalayas The Himalayas, or Himalaya ( ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest. More than list of h ...

, the

Sivalik Hills The Sivalik Hills, also known as Churia Hills, are a mountain range of the outer Himalayas. The literal translation of "Sivalik" is 'tresses of Shiva'. The hills are known for their numerous fossils, and are also home to the Soanian Middle Pale ...

and then the Gangetic plain, initially overland and then utilising the

Mahakali River The Sharda River is the downstream of Kāli River (or Mahakali River) that originates in the northern Uttarakhand state of India in the Great Himalayas on the eastern slopes of Nanda Devi massif, at an elevation of in the Pithoragarh distr ...

. Just east of Majhola it turns to the south-east and proceeds in that direction overland, occasionally utilising various rivers and hill crests. North-west of Islampur the border turns to the north-east and proceeds overland to the eastern Chinese tripoint.

History

The border region has historically existed at the edge of various Indian and Nepali kingdoms. It took its modern shape during the period of

British rule in India The British Raj ( ; from Hindustani language, Hindustani , 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the colonial rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent, * * lasting from 1858 to 1947. * * It is also called Crown rule ...

which began in the 17th century. During the late 18th century the Nepali kingdom launched an

expansion Expansion may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''L'Expansion'', a French monthly business magazine * ''Expansion'' (album), by American jazz pianist Dave Burrell, released in 2004 * ''Expansions'' (McCoy Tyner album), 1970 * ''Expansi ...

drive, bringing them into conflict with the British and resulting in the

Anglo-Nepalese War The Anglo-Nepalese War (1 November 1814 – 4 March 1816), also known as the Gorkha War or Nepal-Company War, was fought between the Gorkhali army of the Kingdom of Nepal (present-day Nepal) and the forces of the British East India Company ...

(1814–16). Nepal was defeated, and by the

Treaty of Sugauli The Treaty of Sugauli (also spelled Sugowlee, Sagauli and Segqulee), the treaty that established the boundary line of Nepal, was signed on 4 March 1816 between the East India Company and Guru Gajraj Mishra following the Anglo-Nepalese War of ...

it was forced to cede large areas of land to Britain, effectively creating the modern India-Nepal boundary. Finding the

Terai The Terai or Tarai is a lowland region in parts of southern Nepal and northern India that lies to the south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas, the Sivalik Hills and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. This lowland belt is characterised by ...

region difficult to manage, the British returned parts of it to Nepal in 1816. India gained independence in 1947, and three years later it signed a friendship treaty with Nepal, by which both countries agreed to respect the territorial integrity of the other. Since then relations have largely been cordial, though a number of border disputes remain. There have also been occasional blockades on the border at times of tension, for example in 1987 and

2015 2015 was designated by the United Nations as: * International Year of Light * International Year of Soil __TOC__ Events January * January 1 – Lithuania officially adopts the euro as its currency, replacing the litas, and becomes ...

. Communities living in India and Nepal close to the Indo-Nepal border have usually shared old, customary ties of kinship and resource access with communities across the border, such as along the western part of the Indo-Nepal border, in the Mahakali valley.

Border disputes

There are two existing territorial disputes between India and Nepal, over the

Kalapani territory The Kalapani territory is an area under Indian administration as part of Pithoragarh district in the Kumaon Division of the Uttarakhand state, K. C. SharadKalapani's new 'line of control' Nepali Times, 10 September 2004, p. 6 but it is al ...

, a area at the India–Nepal–China trijunction in North West Nepal, and Susta, a – area in Southern Nepal.

Border crossings

ICP

There are several major border crossings that the Indian Integrated Check Posts (ICP) use for processing cargo customs and immigration entry for citizens of third countries. These are, from west to east subcategorised by the states of India:India Bhutan in talks for establishing connectivity
newsdrum, 7 August 2023. *

Uttarakhand Uttarakhand (, ), also known as Uttaranchal ( ; List of renamed places in India, the official name until 2007), is a States and union territories of India, state in North India, northern India. The state is bordered by Himachal Pradesh to the n ...

: **

Banbasa Banbasa is a census town in Champawat district in the state of Uttarakhand, India most famous for its border crossing into Nepal from India. The major occupation is agriculture. Demographics India census, Banbasa had a population of 7,990, up ...

in Champawat district - Dodhara Chandani in

Kanchanpur District Kanchanpur District ( ), a part of Sudurpashchim Province in the Terai plain, is one of seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Bhimdatta as its district headquarters, covers an area of and had a population of 134,868 in 2001 and ...

Sudurpashchim Province Sudurpashchim Province () is one of the seven Provinces of Nepal, provinces established by the Constitution of Nepal, new constitution of Nepal which was adopted on 20 September 2015. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, ...

, Nepal. ICP established in 2023. ** Planned: ***

Pithoragarh Pithoragarh ( Kumaoni: ''Pithor'garh'') is a Himalayan town with a Municipal corporation in Pithoragarh district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It is the largest hill town in Uttarakhand. Etymology "The district is named after its hea ...

- Dasharathchanda *

Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh ( ; UP) is a States and union territories of India, state in North India, northern India. With over 241 million inhabitants, it is the List of states and union territories of India by population, most populated state in In ...

: **

Rupaidiha Rupaidiha is a small town in Bahraich district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, near the India–Nepal border across from Nepalgunj. The Rupaidiha border is a significant trade route, with annual trade worth Rs 8,500 crore between India ...

Bahraich district Bahraich district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and Bahraich town is the district headquarters. Bahraich District is a part of Devipatan Division. Geography Bahraich is situated along the northern border of Uttar ...

Nepalganj Nepalgunj (; ), also spelled Nepalganj, is a Sub-Metropolitan City in Banke District, Nepal. It lies on the Terai plains near the southern border with Bahraich district in Uttar Pradesh, India. Nepalgunj is 153 kilometers south-west of Ghorah ...

Banke District Banke District (; , a part of Lumbini Province, is one of the 77 districts of Nepal. The district, located in midwestern Nepal with Nepalganj as its district headquarters, covers an area of and had a population of 385,840 in 2001 and 491,313 in ...

, Nepal. ICP established in 2022. **

Sonauli Sonauli is a town, near city of Mahrajganj, Uttar Pradesh, Maharajganj in Maharajganj district in Uttar Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, India. It located on the Indo-Nepal Border and is a well-known and most famous transit point between India and Nepal. ...

Maharajganj district Maharajganj district is one of the 75 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India, and the town of Maharajganj is the district headquarters. District is a part Gorakhpur division. It is located in Terai region of Himalayas, bordering Ne ...

- Belahia, Siddharthanagar in

Rupandehi District Rupandehi District (; ), a part of Lumbini Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal and covers an area of . The district headquarter is Bhairahawa. As per the national census 2011, the population of Rupandehi was 880,196. Etymo ...

, Nepal. ICP established in 2023. *

Bihar Bihar ( ) is a states and union territories of India, state in Eastern India. It is the list of states and union territories of India by population, second largest state by population, the List of states and union territories of India by are ...

Raxaul Raxaul is a sub-divisional town in the East Champaran district of the Indian state of Bihar. It is situated at the India-Nepal border with Birgunj city (Nepal). Raxaul is a major railway junction. The other part of Raxaul is Mehsi where litchi ...

East Champaran district East Champaran or Purvi Champaran is an administrative district in the Tirhut division of the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarter is located at Motihari. Prior to 1971, there was a single Champaran District. On 1 December 1971, it ...

Birgunj Birgunj () is a metropolitan city in Parsa District in Madhes Pradesh in southern Nepal. It lies south of the capital Kathmandu, attached in the north to Raxaul on the border of the Indian state of Bihar. As an entry point to Nepal from Patn ...

, Nepal (also known as the 'Gateway of Nepal'). ICP established in 2018. ** Bhitthamore in

Sitamarhi district Sitamarhi is one of the districts in the Indian state of Bihar. Dumra is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district is a part of the Tirhut Division and is located along the border of Nepal. It is the part of the Mithila re ...

- Malibara, Jaleshwar in Mahottari District, Nepal. **

Jogbani Jogbani is a municipal council area, in Araria District of Bihar state, India. It lies on the Indo-Nepal border with Morang District, Koshi Zone and is a gateway to Biratnagar city. There is a customs checkpoint for goods at the border. ...

Araria district Araria district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. Araria district is a part of Purnia division. The district occupies an area of . Araria town is the administrative headquarters of this district. The Nepali border is abo ...

Biratnagar Biratnagar () is a List of cities in Nepal, metropolitan city in Nepal, which serves as the capital of Koshi Province. With a Metropolitan Urban Agglomeration population of 244,750 as per the 2021 Nepal census, 2021 census, it is the largest c ...

, Nepal. ICP established in 2020. ** Planned: *** Bairia-

Gauriganj Gauriganj is a city, municipal corporation, tehsil and administrative headquarters of Amethi district in Ayodhya division, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated about 126 km from the state capital Lucknow. Before July 2010, it was part of ...

*** Salgori- Kechna *

West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a States and union territories of India, state in the East India, eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabi ...

Panitanki Panitanki is a town in Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India. It is located on the India-Nepal border; a border crossing to Kakarbhitta in Nepal is located here. Panitanki is around 84 km from the district headquarters, Darjeeling. ...

in Darjeeling district - Kakarbhitta, Nepal. ** Planned: ***

(

Naxalbari Naxalbari ( Bengali: ''Nôkśālbāṛi'', ; also spelled Naksalbari) is a village in the Naxalbari CD block in the Siliguri subdivision of the Darjeeling district in the state of West Bengal, India. Naxalbari is known for being the site of ...

Birtamode Birtamod ( Nepali: बिर्तामोड नगरपालिका) is a municipality in Jhapa District of Nepal. It is the commercial, educational and transport hub of Jhapa District. Sarnamati Bazar, Dhulabari Bazar, Dhaijan Bazar, Cha ...

** Sukhia Pokhri- Pashupatinagar ** Planned: ***

Pelling Pelling (པད་གླིང་། ) is a hill station in ( རྒྱལ་ཤིང་རྫོང་།) Gyalshing district of Sikkim, India. Pelling is nestled at an altitude of . The town is located at a distance of 10 km from G ...

(Dentam) - Panchami (Oyan)

Customs crossings

Since there are no fences along the border, there are several smaller official and unofficial border crossings. Smaller official border crossings, known as Chhoti Bhansar (Minor Customs) in the

Nepali language Nepali (; , ), or ''Gorkhali'' is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language native to the Himalayas region of South Asia. It is the official and most widely spoken Languages of Nepal, language of Nepal, where it also serves as a ''lingua fr ...

, are as follows from west to east (by Indian state): Uttarakhand * Jhulaghat in

Pithoragarh district Pithoragarh district is the easternmost district in the state of Uttarakhand. It is located in the Himalayas and has an area of and a population of 483,439 (as of 2011). The city of Pithoragarh, located in Saur Valley, is its headquarters. Th ...

Mahakali Mahakali () is the Hindu goddess of time and death in the goddess-centric tradition of Shaktism. She is also known as the supreme being in various tantras and Puranas. Similar to Kali, Mahakali is a fierce goddess associated with universal po ...

Baitadi District Baitadi District ( ), historical name “Bairath” (बैराथ), a part of Sudurpashchim Province, is one of the 77 districts of Nepal. It is a Hill district. Baitadi, with Dasharathchand as its headquarters, covers an area of and has ...

, Nepal

Uttar Pradesh * Gauriphanta in

Lakhimpur Kheri district Lakhimpur Kheri district is the largest district in Uttar Pradesh, India, on the border with Nepal. Its administrative capital is the city of Lakhimpur. Lakhimpur Kheri district is a part of Lucknow division, with a total area of . The natio ...

- Dhangadi, Nepal. * Murtiha in Lakhimpur Kheri district - Gulariya, Bardiya, Nepal. * Tal Baghaura in

Shravasti district Shravasti district is one of the districts of the Uttar Pradesh state of India, with Bhinga town as its district headquarters. Shravasti district is a part of Devipatan Division. According to Government of India, it is among the 121 minority ...

- Laxmanpur, Nepal. *

Tulsipur Tulsipur is a town and tehsil in the Balrampur district, Uttar Pradesh, Balrampur district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, A very famous sacred place Devi Patan Temple lies in the city, which is a sacred and pilgrimage site for Hindus, m ...

in Balrampur district -

Koilabas Koilabas is a bazaar town situated in Gadhawa Rural Municipality in Dang Deokhuri District in Lumbini Province of south-western Nepal. The town is situated on the southern edge of the Dudhwa Range of the Siwaliks, at Nepal's border with Uttar Pr ...

, Nepal. *

Barhani Bazar Barhani is a town and nagar panchayat in Siddharthnagar District in Uttar Pradesh state, India. This town also has a railway station on the Gorakhpur- Gonda Broad Gauge line of Indian Railways. It is adjacent to the Nepal border from Krishnanaga ...

Siddharthnagar district Siddharthnagar district is one of the 75 Districts of Uttar Pradesh, districts of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Siddharthnagar is the district headquarters. Siddharthnagar district is a part of Basti division. It was under the ancient Kosal ...

Krishnanagar Krishna Nagar or Krishnanagar may refer to: Places India * Krishna Nagar, Delhi ** Krishna Nagar metro station (Delhi) ** Krishna Nagar (Delhi Assembly constituency) * Krishna Nagar, Hyderabad * Krishna Nagar, Lucknow ** Krishna Nagar metro stati ...

, Nepal Bihar Birgunj_Customs

* Bhitthamore in

, Bihar -

Jaleshwor Jaleshwar () is a municipality in Janakpur Zone, Nepal, and the headquarters of Mahottari district of Madhesh Province in Nepal. It is located in the Terai, on the border with India at Bhitthamore, Bihar, and has a Customs checkpoint. The lan ...

Mahottari District Mahottari District (, ), a part of Madhesh Province, is one of the List of districts of Nepal, seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Jaleshwar as its district headquarters, covers an area of and had a population of 553,481 in 2001 ...

, Nepal. * Valmiki Nagar ( Bhikhna Thori) in

West Champaran district West Champaran is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India, located just west of Birgunj. It is the largest district in Bihar with an area of 5,228 km2(2,019sq mi). It is a part of Tirhut Division. The district headquart ...

- Thori in

Parsa District Parsa District (), a part of Madhesh Province in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Birgunj as its district headquarters, covers an area of and has a population (2001) of 497,219. According to the lo ...

, Nepal. *

Bairgania Bairgania is a town and notified area in the Sitamarhi district in the state of Bihar, India. Bairgania is one of the blocks of Sitamarhi districts and is a border of India that links Nepal via Rautahat District through a custom checkpoint. Bairg ...

Gaur The gaur (''Bos gaurus''; ) is a large bovine native to the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, and has been listed as Vulnerable species, Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1986. The global population was estimated at a maximum of 21,000 ...

Rautahat District Rautahat District (), a part of Madhesh Province, is one of the List of districts of Nepal, seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district headquarter is Gaur, Nepal, Gaur, including municipalities like Katahariya, Garuda, Nepal, Garuda, Chandrapur ...

, Nepal. *

Sonbarsa Sonbarsa is a Village development committee (Nepal), village development committee in Parsa District in the Narayani Zone of southern Nepal. Demographics At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 7,158 people living in 1114 in ...

Malangwa Malangwa (Devanagari: मलंगवा) is a town, a municipality, and the headquarter of Sarlahi District in Madhesh Province of Nepal. The district's oldest municipality is in Parliamentary Constituency 2. From the Mahendra Highway south of ...

in Sarlahi District, Nepal. * Pipraun in

Madhubani district Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India, and is a part of Darbhanga division. Its administrative headquarters are located in Madhubani. The district has an area of and has a population of 4,487,379 (as of 20 ...

- Jatahi- Nagarain in

Dhanusa District Dhanusha District, (; ), a part of Madhesh Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. It is situated in the Outer Terai. The district, with Janakpurdham as its district headquarter, covers an area of and has a population (202 ...

, Nepal. * Jainagar in

- Inarwa Phulbariya in

Saptari District Saptari (), is Located in the easternmost part of Madhesh Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Its district headquarter is Rajbiraj. Saptari is an Outer Terai district. This district covers an area of and has a population ...

, Nepal. *

Laukaha Laukaha is a very old border town and a Community development block in the district of Madhubani district, Madhubani in the Indian state of Bihar. It is close to the border with Nepal and the Nepalese town of Thadi. The population of Laukaha i ...

Thadi Thadi () or Thadi Viswaspatti is a very old border town and a market place of Nepal in Siraha District bordering Indian town of Laukaha. It is currently part of Bhagwanpur Rural municipality. It is located nearly 370 kilometers or 107 miles east ...

in Bhagwanpur near Lahan Mulcipality in

Siraha District Siraha District (; ), a district in Madhesh Province, is one of the List of districts of Nepal, seventy-seven districts of Nepal. It is situated in the Terai#Outer Terai, Terai belt of Nepal. The district, with Siraha as its district headquarters ...

. * Gandhi Chowk, Madhwapur in Madhubani district, India - Matihani in Mahottari district, Nepal * Kunaolee (in Bhimnagar) in

Supaul district Supaul district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India. The town Supaul is the district's administrative headquarters. The district, which was split from the former Saharsa district on 14 March 1991, occupies . Social Group Su ...

- Bhantabari- Haripur in

Sunsari District Sunsari District is one of 14 districts in Koshi province of eastern Nepal. The district is located in the eastern part of the Outer Terai and covers an area of . According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population was 753,328. The district head ...

, Nepal (via Kosi barrage).10 Land Customs Stations To Come Up In Bihar Along Indo-Nepal Border: Shah.
outlookindia, 16 sept 2023. * Amgachhi in

Rangeli Rangeli is a Municipality and rural market town in Morang District in the Koshi Zone of south-eastern Nepal. This municipality was formed merging existing four villages i.e.Amgachhi, Babiabirta, Darbesa and Rangeli itself since May 2014. At the t ...

in Morang District, Nepal. * Bahadurganj (Baria) (Bairia bazar) in

Kishanganj district Kishanganj district is the easternmost district of Bihar in India, and Kishanganj town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Kishanganj district is a part of Purnia division ( Seemanchal). It is one of the most socio-economic back ...

Jhapa District Jhapa District (; ) is a district of Koshi Province in eastern Nepal named after a Rajbanshi Surjapuri language word "Jhapa", meaning "to cover" (verb). The 2021 Nepal Census, puts the total population of the district at 994,090. The total ar ...

, Nepal. * Galgalia (Kishanganj district). West Bengal *

Mirik Mirik is a small town and a Notified Area of Darjeeling district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of the Mirik subdivision. The name ''Mirik'' comes from the Lepcha words ''Mir-Yok'' meaning "place burnt by fire". ...

in Darjeeling district - Pashupatinagar, Ilam, Nepal

Cross-border railway lines

8 railway lines between India and Nepal either exist or they are under construction or planning as follows (listed east to west):How poor rail connectivity is acting as a hindrance to India's Act East policy
Economic Times, 20 October 2020. # Babaganj-Nepalganj line - complete and operational: # Barhani-Kathmandu line - under planning: # Barhani-Kapilvastu line - under planning: # Nautanwa-Bhairwa line - under planning: # Raxaul-Kathmandu line - under planning: # Jaynagar-Bardibas railway line - mostly complete, except final and third phase (as of April 2022): 52 km out of total 68 km complete as of April 2022 while remaining is awaiting land acquisition. # Jogbani-Biratnagar railway line - mostly complete, except 8 km long under construction section (as of April 2022): total 18.6 km. # Kakarbhitta-New Jalpaiguri railway line - under planning:

Border security

The Nepal–India border is an

open border An open border is a border that enables Freedom of movement, free movement of people and often of goods between jurisdictions with no restrictions on movement and is lacking a border control. A border may be an open border due to intentional leg ...

,
Sunday Guardian, 11 Feb 2024 which is relatively peaceful. Nepali and Indian nationals do not need passports or visas to enter each other's countries, and tens of thousands of people cross the border every day for tourism and commerce. The Indian side of the border is regulated by Sashastra Seema Bal, Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) along with local police. The Nepali side of the border is regulated by the Armed Police Force (APF) along with the local branch of

Nepal Police Nepal Police () is the national and primary law enforcement agency of Nepal. It is primarily responsible for maintaining law and order (politics), law and order, prevention of crime and crime investigation within the jurisdiction determined by ...

. Often SSB (India) and APF (Nepal) perform joint patrols on the border. On a local level, Indian and Nepali district officials meet regularly to discuss security challenges and other issues on their respective border portions. Such meetings are usually attended by District Magistrates, local SSB representatives, customs chiefs from India including the Chief District Officer (CDO), local APF, Police and custom chiefs from Nepal.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:India-Nepal border Borders of India Borders of Nepal International borders

Description

History

Border disputes

Border crossings

ICP

Customs crossings

Cross-border railway lines

Border security

See also

References