Inaruwa, Sunsari
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() is the headquarter of
Sunsari Sunsari District is one of 14 districts in Koshi province of eastern Nepal. The district is located in the eastern part of the Outer Terai and covers an area of . According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population was 753,328. The district head ...
district that lies in the
Koshi province Koshi Province () is an autonomous Provinces of Nepal, province of Nepal adopted by the Constitution of Nepal on 20 September 2015. It covers an area of , about 17.5% of the country's total area. With the industrial city of Biratnagar as its cap ...
of Eastern
Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...
. Inaruwa is a municipality since the time of Panchayat in the year 2047 BS. After 2015, it has been operating under a mayor-council form of government and is currently led by
Mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...
Kedar Bhandari. Spanning 77.92 square kilometers, the
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
is home to a population of nearly 75 thousand residents. In 2015, after the implementation of federalism all over Nepal, VDCs like Babiya, Madhesa, Dumraha, Jalpapur, Chadwela were merged into this municipality. Geographically, Inaruwa is surrounded by Gadhi Rural Municipality in the east, Bhokraha Rural Municipality in the west,
Itahari Itahari () is a sub-metropolitan city in the Sunsari District of Koshi Province in Nepal. Itahari city has grown as an important business hub of eastern Nepal. It is the second most populous city in eastern Nepal after Biratnagar. Situated 25 ...
Sub-metropolitan city and
Ramdhuni Ramdhuni is a municipality located in the Sunsari district, Koshi Province of Eastern Nepal. It was established in 2014. Ramdhuni previously known as Jhumka Bazar. It is approximately 356km far from Kathmandu. This town lies in the middle of tw ...
Municipality in the north and Harinagar Rural Municipality in the south. The municipality is politically divided into 10 wards.


History


Before Annexation in Nepal

During
Vedic Period The Vedic period, or the Vedic age (), is the period in the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age of the history of India when the Vedic literature, including the Vedas (–900 BCE), was composed in the northern Indian subcontinent, between the e ...
, Inaruwa was a part of
Mithila Mithila may refer to: Places * Mithilā, a synonym for the ancient Videha state ** Mithilā (ancient city), the ancient capital city of Videha * Mithila (region), a cultural region (historical and contemporary), now divided between India and Nepa ...
region that was subsequently annexed by King Mawrong into Limbuwan rajya along with its neighbouring districts
Jhapa Jhapa District (; ) is a district of Koshi Province in eastern Nepal named after a Rajbanshi Surjapuri language word "Jhapa", meaning "to cover" (verb). The 2021 Nepal Census, puts the total population of the district at 994,090. The total a ...
and Morang. Later, after the Limbuwan Gorkha War (1771-1774 AD), Sunsari, Morang and Jhapa which were under Limbuwan rule, were conquered by the Gorkha Kingdom, thereby forming them as a part of Nepal.


Religious places

Religious places in the municipality include: *Satyanarayan Mandir, Inaruwa 1 *Ram Janaki Mandir, Inaruwa 7 *Maa Bhagwati Mandir, Inaruwa 1 *Shiv Mandir, Inaruwa 1 *Maa Durga Mandir, Inaruwa 2(Behebare haat) *Radha Krishna Mandir, Inaruwa 3 *Hanuman Mandir, Inaruwa 4 *Latidevi Than, Inaruwa 5 *Jama masjid, Inaruwa 4 *LaxmiNarayan Mandir, Inaruwa 2 *Hatti ghoda than, Inaruwa 8 *Radha Krishna mandir, Inaruwa 2 (Pandit Tole)


Administration

A municipality in Nepal is an administrative division in the
Provinces of Nepal The Provinces of Nepal, officially the Autonomous Nepalese Provinces (), were formed on 20 September 2015 in accordance with Schedule 4 of the Constitution of Nepal. The seven provinces were formed by grouping the existing List of districts of ...
. It functions as a sub-unit of a
district A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municip ...
. **
Mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...
- Kedar Bhandari **
Deputy Mayor The deputy mayor (also known as vice mayor and assistant mayor) is an elective or appointive office of the second-ranking official that is present in many local governments. Duties and functions Many elected deputy mayors are members of the loca ...
- Binita Mehta **Ward Chairman ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
1 - Pramod Pokhrel ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
2 - Bishwanath Thakur ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
3 - Ramesh Kumar shrestha ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
4 - Bauwalal Mehta ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
5 - Anil Kumar Pokhrel ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
6 - Suman Thapa ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
7 - Himmat Singh Khawas ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
8 - Ashok Kumar sahu Teli ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
9 - Wasir muddin Mansuri ***
Ward Ward may refer to: Division or unit * Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward * Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
10 - MD. Khalil Aktar **Head Officer - Dasrath Rai **Administration, Plan and Monitoring - Kapildev Mehta ***Information and Communication officer - Niraj Pokhrel ***Administration planning and Monitoring - Bhagwat Mehta ***Jinsi - Kumar Niraula **Finance Officer -Ashok Mehta ***Revenue Dept. - Kumari Bhattarai **Infrastructure Development and Management - Er. Umeshwor Mehta ***Building and housing -Er. Sanjay Mehta ***Disaster management - Binod Bhattarai ***Vehicle - Geeta Kumari Subedi ***City Police - Hukumdhwaj Karki **Health care department - Kapleshwor Shah **Education, Youth & sports - Dilliraj Niraula **Economic development - Jeevan Kumar Bhattarai **Law department - Baburam Bhattarai ''Bold names are Adhikrit''


Geography

Inaruwa lies in the south-east part of Nepal and is within the terai plain. It covers an area of 77.92 km2, sharing boundaries with Ramdhuni Municipality, Harinagar gaupalika, Gadhi gaupalika, Itahari sub-metropolitan city. It has 10 wards althogether. Inaruwa has prennial rivers like sunsari river. It is located at the elevation of 75 m (approx) from the sea level and is rich in fertile soil.


Demographics


Census 2021

According to the 2021 census, the total number of families is 16029, Inaruwa Municipality has a total population of 74914, out of which there are 36689 males and 38225 females, with a sex ratio of 95.98 male per 100 Female .In the same year, Inaruwa had 16029 households. Languages Majority of people living in Inaruwa speak Maithili language, while Bhojpuri, Nepali and Tharu are also some of common spoken languages in Inaruwa. Religion Majority of people living in Inaruwa are Hindus, with Muslim being the second most highest population here.


Ethnic groups

The largest ethnic group is
Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...
, who makes 15.59% of the population, Hill Brahman and
kushwaha Kushwaha (sometimes Kushvaha), is a community of the Indo-Gangetic Plain that has traditionally been involved in agriculture, including beekeeping. The term has been used to represent different sub-castes of the Kachhis, Kachhvahas, Koeris ...
comes to second and third with 11.64% and 11.55% each. Other groups in inaruwa includes the Tharu (7.0%),
Chhetri Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), ( ; IAST: ''Kṣetrī'') historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali language, Nepali speaking people historically associated with the warrior class and administration, some of ...
(4.0%), Dhanuk (3%), khatwe (2.5%),
Teli Teli is a caste traditionally occupied in the oil pressing and trade in India, Nepal, and Pakistan. Members may be either Hindu or Muslim; Muslim Teli are called Roshandaar or Teli Malik. India's Prime minister Narendra Modi is from Teli c ...
(2.0), jhangad (1.5%), Musahar (1.5%),
yadav Yadavs are a grouping of non-elite, peasant-pastoral Quote: "The Yadavs were traditionally a low-to-middle-ranking cluster of pastoral-peasant castes that have become a significant political force in Uttar Pradesh (and other northern states l ...
(1.4%),
Newar Newar (; , endonym: Newa; , Pracalit script: ), or Nepami, are primarily inhabitants in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal and its surrounding areas, and the creators of its historic heritage and civilisation. Page 15. Newars are a distinct linguisti ...
(1.2), Bantar (1.0%), khawas (0.9%),
chamar Chamar (or Jatav) is a community classified as a Scheduled Caste under modern India's Reservation in India, system of affirmative action that originated from the group of trade persons who were involved in leather tanning and shoemaking. They a ...
(0.8%)and others various ethnic groups makes(34.40%) of the population.


Health care

Inaruwa also has a hospital that provides 24-hour emergency services to its residents. Each ward of Inaruwa is also equipped with Health Posts that provide primary care services to the local residents.


Sports

Inaruwa has stadium with covered hall located behind district hospital. Inaruwa is hub for sports like volleyball, football, cricket and many more. The town hosts national-level sports and tournaments every year, and has hosted many sport tournaments, mainly
cricket Cricket is a Bat-and-ball games, bat-and-ball game played between two Sports team, teams of eleven players on a cricket field, field, at the centre of which is a cricket pitch, pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two Bail (cr ...
and
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...
, including the President Gold Cup, Mayor cup, Manmohan Smirti Cup, and Sunsari Premier League. It has hosted Nepal's first night Cricket too. Numbers of night volleyball has been organised annually. Also President Cup is organised in the stadium.


Transportation

Inaruwa is a city located in the fertile plain of Nepal. It is situated on the
Mahendra Highway Mahendra Highway or NH01 (previously: H01) (), also called East-West Highway (), runs across the Terai geographical region of Nepal, from Mechinagar in the east to Bhim Datta in the west, cutting across the entire width of the country. It is th ...
, which acts as a major transport hub connecting the city to surrounding villages, as well as the larger cities of
Itahari Itahari () is a sub-metropolitan city in the Sunsari District of Koshi Province in Nepal. Itahari city has grown as an important business hub of eastern Nepal. It is the second most populous city in eastern Nepal after Biratnagar. Situated 25 ...
,
Biratnagar Biratnagar () is a List of cities in Nepal, metropolitan city in Nepal, which serves as the capital of Koshi Province. With a Metropolitan Urban Agglomeration population of 244,750 as per the 2021 Nepal census, 2021 census, it is the largest c ...
, and Jhumka. The city has well-maintained roadways, making it easily accessible by car or bus. The nearest airport to Inaruwa is Biratnagar Airport, located 25.4 km (15.8 mi) away. In addition to the
Mahendra Highway Mahendra Highway or NH01 (previously: H01) (), also called East-West Highway (), runs across the Terai geographical region of Nepal, from Mechinagar in the east to Bhim Datta in the west, cutting across the entire width of the country. It is th ...
, Inaruwa also has roadways that link it to the Indian border via Dewangunj and Bhutaha. Furthermore, the city has a newly built bus station that provides links to Prakashpur, Bhutaha and other junctions on the
Mahendra Highway Mahendra Highway or NH01 (previously: H01) (), also called East-West Highway (), runs across the Terai geographical region of Nepal, from Mechinagar in the east to Bhim Datta in the west, cutting across the entire width of the country. It is th ...
. This makes Inaruwa an important transportation hub for the region, connecting people and goods to various destinations.


Media

Inaruwa has numerous local
newspaper A newspaper is a Periodical literature, periodical publication containing written News, information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as poli ...
publications, Radio stations as well as provided by all national newspapers and television. Daily newspapers like ''Pratikchhan daily'', radio stations like ''Popular FM'' and ''Advance FM'', National daily newspapers like ''
The Kathmandu Post ''The Kathmandu Post'' is a major daily newspaper published in Nepal. Founded in February 1993 by Shyam Goenka, it is one of the largest English-language newspapers in the country. The newspaper is published by Kantipur Publications, the publ ...
'', ''
The Himalayan Times ''The Himalayan Times'' is an English-language broadsheet newspaper published and distributed daily in Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the ...
'', the ''
Annapurna post Annapurna Post () is a daily broadsheet newspaper published in Nepal. It started printing in 2002 and launched its online news portal in 2013 by Annapurna Media Network, which also owns The Annapurna Express, AP1 TV and Radio Annapurna Nepal. By ...
,'' and all TV channels like ''
Kantipur Television Kantipur Television, popularly known as Kantipur TV HD or KTV, is a private television station based in Kathmandu, Nepal. The chairman and managing director is Kailash Sirohiya. The CEO of Kantipur Television is Shishir Pachhai. Launched on 13 J ...
'', ''Galaxy News'', ''Prime News'' etc. provide services. Also, few of them provide e- News services via Facebook and Twitter.


Education

Inaruwa has 68 educational institutions, including playgroup, primary, secondary and higher education up to master's degree level. Inaruwa has six colleges for undergraduate and postgraduate education. It has a 60.54% literacy rate. Also, a few primary public schools have initiated
English-medium education An English-medium education system is one that uses English language, English as the primary medium of instruction—particularly where English is not the mother tongue of students. Initially this is associated with the expansion of English from ...
. According to latest data as published by Inaruwa municipality, 27 public schools with highly appreciated technology like E-attendance and Wi-fi. All schools follows annual calendar and plans, policies. Few schools names are : ''Bal Mandir School'' ''Saraswati higher secondary school'' ''Rajajee Ramjee mahato(Dash)Secondary School'' ''Janta secondary school'' ''Sharada secondary school'' ''Sunsari Multiple Campus''


Mayors


Economic Activities

The major economic activities in Inaruwa are
Agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...
, Local business, livestock, poultry, Milk, Mineral water production, Rice production.


Climate

Summer season (Mar-Jun) is quite hot and wet. Temperature here, reaches up to 40 °C in summer. Winter season (Dec-Feb) of Inaruwa is cold and dry. Temperature falls down up to 8-9 °C in winter. In July–September, it receives heavy rainfall. About 2007 mm of precipitation falls annually where the precipitation reaches its peak in July with an average of 571 mm and it experiences the lowest precipitation in December with only 4 mm.


2022


References


External links

* {{Municipalities of Koshi Province, state=Koshi Populated places in Sunsari District Municipalities in Koshi Province Nepal municipalities established in 1986 Municipalities in Sunsari District Cities in Nepal