Intensive Care Unit (ICU) quality and management tools refer to a range of strategies, technologies, and practices aimed at improving patient outcomes, operational efficiency, and safety within the
Intensive Care Unit
An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive care medicine.
An inten ...
(ICU).
ICU quality tools
Quality tools include:
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Medical guidelines, including
checklists
A checklist is a type of job aid used in repetitive tasks to reduce failure by compensating for potential limits of human memory and attention. Checklists are used both to ensure that safety-critical system preparations are carried out completely ...
(items rated as yes/no/not applicable)
* Templates for goal setting or structured communication (a more open format than checklists, templates provide the opportunity to add free text responses with items as prompts)
* Care bundles, including ABCDE(F) bundle (Assess, prevent and manage pain, Both spontaneous awakening trials and spontaneous breathing trials, Choice of analgesia and sedation, Delirium assessment, prevention and management, Early mobility and exercise, Family engagement and empowerment)
Medical scoring systems can be used to describe ICU populations and explain their different outcomes. Examples include:
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APACHE II
APACHE II ("Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II") is a severity-of-disease classification system, one of several ICU scoring systems. It is applied within 24 hours of admission of a patient to an intensive care unit (ICU): an in ...
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SAPS II
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SAPS III
* Mortality Probability Model (MPM)
Physical tools include:
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Monitoring (medicine)
In medicine, monitoring is the observation of a disease, condition or one or several medical parameters over time.
It can be performed by continuously measuring certain parameters by using a medical monitor (for example, by continuously measuri ...
, which may provide data for analysis of ICU performance.
ICU management tools
Severity assessment tools
Examples of severity assessment tools:
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Pneumonia severity index
The pneumonia severity index (PSI) or PORT Score is a clinical prediction rule that medical practitioners can use to calculate the probability of morbidity and mortality among patients with community acquired pneumonia.
The PSI/PORT score is of ...
(PSI) or PORT score)
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CURB65 score
* CRB65 score
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American Thoracic Society The American Thoracic Society (ATS) is a nonprofit organization focused on improving care for pulmonary diseases, critical illnesses and sleep-related breathing disorders. It was established in 1905 as the
American Sanatorium Association, and ...
(ATS) 2001 criteria
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Infectious Disease Society of America/ATS (IDSA/ATS) 2007 criteria
* Panic Disorder Screener (PADIS) guidelines
Risk stratification tools
Risk stratification tools examples:
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Early warning score such as the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), to predict ICU readmission, and the
Pediatric early warning signs (PEWS) score
* Minimizing ICU Readmission (MIR) score, to predict patient death or ICU readmission.
* Sabadell score, which predicts hospital mortality after ICU discharge.
* Stability and Workload Index for Transfer (SWIFT) score
[ Gajic, Ognjen, et al. "The Stability and Workload Index for Transfer score predicts unplanned intensive care unit patient readmission: initial development and validation." Critical care medicine 36.3 (2008): 676-682.] and the Frost
nomogram
A nomogram (), also called a nomograph, alignment chart, or abac, is a graphical Analog computer, calculating device, a two-dimensional diagram designed to allow the approximate graphical computation of a Function (mathematics), mathematical fu ...
, to predict ICU readmission.
See also
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APACHE II
APACHE II ("Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II") is a severity-of-disease classification system, one of several ICU scoring systems. It is applied within 24 hours of admission of a patient to an intensive care unit (ICU): an in ...
*
SAPS III
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Intensive care medicine
Intensive care medicine, usually called critical care medicine, is a medical specialty that deals with seriously or critically ill patients who have, are at risk of, or are recovering from conditions that may be life-threatening. It includes p ...
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Intensive care unit
An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive care medicine.
An inten ...
References
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* The Epimed Monitor ICU Database®: a cloud-based national registry for adult intensive care unit patients in Brazil. Zampieri FG, Soares M, Borges LP, Salluh JIF, Ranzani OT.Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2017 Oct-Dec;29(4):418-426. doi: 10.5935/0103-507X.20170062. Epub 2017 Nov 30.
*New perspectives to improve critical care benchmarking. Salluh JIF, Chiche JD, Reis CE, Soares M.Ann Intensive Care. 2018 Feb 2;8(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s13613-018-0363-0.
*How to evaluate intensive care unit performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Zampieri FG, Soares M, Salluh JIF.Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2020 Jun;32(2):203-206. doi: 10.5935/0103-507x.20200040. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
References
{{Reflist
External links
APACHE II Score onlineSAPS II Scoring Sheets and Database
Intensive care medicine