The Hypocreales are an
order of
fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...
within the class
Sordariomycetes
Sordariomycetes is a class of fungi in the subdivision Pezizomycotina (Ascomycota), consisting of 28 orders, 90 families, 1344 genera. Sordariomycetes is from the Latin sordes (filth) because some species grow in animal feces, though growth habit ...
. In 2008, it was estimated that it contained some 237
genera
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...
, and 2647
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
in seven
families
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Ideal ...
.
Since then, a considerable number of further taxa have been identified, including an additional family, the
Stachybotryaceae.
According to the
Catalog of Life
The Catalogue of Life is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic Info ...
, the Hypocreales contains 6 families, 137 genera, and 1411 species.
Species of Hypocreales are usually recognized by their brightly colored, perithecial
ascomata
An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are mos ...
, or
spore
In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, f ...
-producing structures. These are often yellow, orange or red.
Genera ''incertae sedis''
According to a 2020 review of fungal classification, the following genera within the Hypocreales have an uncertain taxonomic placement (''
incertae sedis
' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
''), and have not been assigned to any family:
*''
Acremoniopsis'' – 1 sp.
*''
Berkelella'' – 2 spp.
*''
Bulbithecium'' – 1 sp.
*''
Cephalosporiopsis'' – 10 spp.
*''
Chondronectria'' – 1 sp.
*''
Cylindronectria'' – 1 sp.
*''
Diploospora'' – ca. 7 spp.
*
†''
Entropezites
''Entropezites'' is an extinct monotypic genus of ypermycoparasiticfungus in the order Hypocreales. At present it contains the single species ''Entropezites patricii''.
The genus is solely known from the Lower Cretaceous, Upper Albian stage ...
''
– 1 sp.
*''
Gynonectria'' – 1 sp.
*''
Hapsidospora
''Hapsidospora'' is a genus of fungi in the Hypocreales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family.
References
External ...
'' – 2 spp.
*''
Haptospora'' – 3 spp.
*''
Illosporiopsis'' – 1 sp.
*''
Illosporium'' – 17 spp.
*''
Leptobarya'' – 2 spp.
*''
Metadothella
''Metadothella'' is a genus of fungi in the Hypocreales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family. This is a monotypic gen ...
'' – 1 sp.
*''
Munkia'' – 4 spp.
*†''
Mycetophagites
''Mycetophagites'' is an extinct fungal genus of mycoparasitic in the order Hypocreales. A monotypic genus, it contains the single species ''Mycetophagites atrebora''.
The genus is solely known from the Lower Cretaceous, Upper Albian stage ...
''
– 1 sp.
*''
Neomunkia'' – 1 sp.
*''
Peloronectria'' – 3 spp.
*''
Pseudoacremonium'' – 1 sp.
*''
Pseudomeliola
''Pseudomeliola'' is a genus of fungus, fungi in the Hypocreales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order (biology), order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family ...
'' – 10 spp.
*''
Rodentomyces'' – 1 sp.
*''
Roselliniella'' – 19 spp.
*''
Saksenamyces'' – 1 sp.
*''
Sedecimiella'' – 1 sp.
*''
Stanjemonium'' – 4 spp.
*''
Stilbella'' – 61 spp.
*''
Ticonectria'' – 3 spp.
*''
Tilakidium
''Tilakidium'' is a fungal genus in the order Hypocreales. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order (biology), order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family (biology), fa ...
'' – 1 sp.
References
External links
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q132255
Ascomycota orders
Taxa described in 1897
Taxa named by Gustav Lindau