Hyperoside
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Hyperoside is a chemical compound. It is the 3-''O''-
galactoside A galactoside is a glycoside containing galactose. The H of the OH group on carbon-1 of galactose is replaced by an organic moiety. Depending on whether the glycosidic bond lies "above" or "below" the plane of the galactose molecule, galactosides ...
of
quercetin Quercetin is a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. It is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, seeds, and grains; capers, red onions, and kale are common foods containing appreciable amounts of it. It has a bitter flavor ...
.


Natural occurrences

Hyperoside has been isolated from ''
Drosera rotundifolia ''Drosera rotundifolia'', the round-leaved sundew, roundleaf sundew, or common sundew, is a carnivorous species of flowering plant that grows in bogs, marshes and fens. One of the most widespread sundew species, it has a circumboreal distribu ...
'', from the Lamiaceae ''
Stachys ''Stachys'' is a genus of plants, one of the largest in the mint family Lamiaceae.Harley, R. M., et al. 2004. "Labiatae". pages 167–275. In: Kubitzki, K. (editor) and J. W. Kadereit (volume editor). ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants ...
sp.'' and ''
Prunella vulgaris ''Prunella vulgaris'', the common self-heal, heal-all, woundwort, heart-of-the-earth, carpenter's herb, brownwort or blue curls, is a herbaceous plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. Self-heal is edible: the young leaves and stems can be eaten raw ...
'', from ''
Rumex acetosella ''Rumex acetosella'', commonly known as red sorrel, sheep's sorrel, field sorrel and sour weed, is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Native to Eurasia and the British Isles, the plant and its subspecies are commo ...
'', ''
Cuscuta chinensis ''Cuscuta chinensis'' Lam. is a stem holoparasite vine in the family Convolvulaceae. It was first described in China in 1786. Description ''C. chinensis'' is a thin, yellow vine lacking leaves or roots. It produces glomerulate to dense paniculif ...
'' seeds, from
St John's wort ''Hypericum perforatum'', known as St. John's wort, is a flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae and the type species of the genus ''Hypericum''. Possibly a hybrid between '' H. maculatum'' and '' H. attenuatum'', the species can be found a ...
and from ''
Camptotheca acuminata ''Camptotheca'' (happy tree, cancer tree, or tree of life) is a genus of medium-sized deciduous trees growing to tall, native to southern China and Tibet. The genus is usually included in the tupelo family Nyssaceae, but sometimes included (wi ...
''. It is one of the phenolic compounds in the invasive plant ''
Carpobrotus edulis ''Carpobrotus edulis'' is a ground-creeping plant with succulent leaves in the genus ''Carpobrotus'', native to South Africa. Its common names include hottentot-fig, sour fig, ice plant or highway ice plant. Description ''Carpobrotus edulis'' ...
'' and contributes to the antibacterial properties of the plant. In ''
Rheum nobile ''Rheum nobile'', the Sikkim rhubarb or noble rhubarb or पदमचाल, is a giant herbaceous plant native to the Himalaya, from northeastern Afghanistan, east through northern Pakistan and India, Nepal, Sikkim (in India), Bhutan, and Tib ...
'' and '' R. rhaponticum'', it serves as a UV blocker found in the bracts. It is also found in ''
Geranium niveum ''Geranium niveum'' is a plant species in the genus '' Geranium''. It is a medicinal herb widely used by the Tarahumara Indians of Mexico. Geranin A (epi-afzelechin-(4β→8, 2β→O→7)-afzelechin), geranin B (epi-catechin-(4β→8, 2β→ ...
'' and ''
Taxillus kaempferi ''Taxillus kaempferi'' () is a parasitic plant A parasitic plant is a plant that derives some or all of its nutritional requirements from another living plant. They make up about 1% of angiosperms and are found in almost every biome. All para ...
''.The constituents of Taxillus kaempferi and the host, Pinus thunbergii. I. Catechins and flavones of Taxillus kaempferi. Konishi T, Nishio T, Kiyosawa S, Fujiwara Y and Konoshima T, Yakugaku Zasshi., February 1996, volume 116, issue 2, pages 148-157 (article in Japanese)


References

{{Flavonol Quercetin glycosides Flavonoid galactosides Kappa-opioid receptor antagonists Mu-opioid receptor antagonists