Hyeonjong of Goryeo (1 August 992 – 17 June 1031, r. 1009–1031) was the 8th ruler of the

Goryeo Goryeo (; ) was a Korean kingdom founded in 918, during a time of national division called the Later Three Kingdoms period, that unified and ruled the Korean Peninsula until 1392. Goryeo achieved what has been called a "true national unificati ...

dynasty of

Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...

. He was a grandson of King Taejo. He was appointed by the military leader

Gang Jo Gang Jo (, 964 – 31 December 1010) was a Goryeo general who came from the noble family in Sincheon, Hwanghae-do and served under King Mokjong of Goryeo and King Hyeonjong of Goryeo. General Gang Jo was a general in charge of the Northern bord ...

, whom the previous King Mokjong had called upon to destroy a plot by

Kim Chi-yang Kim or KIM may refer to: Names * Kim (given name) * Kim (surname) ** Kim (Korean surname) *** Kim family (disambiguation), several dynasties **** Kim family (North Korea), the rulers of North Korea since Kim Il-sung in 1948 ** Kim, Vietnamese f ...

. In 1010, the Khitan attacked again during an internal Goryeo power struggle. Hyeonjong was forced to flee the capital temporarily and directed the court to move far south to the port city of

Naju Naju () is a city in South Jeolla Province, South Korea. The capital of South Jeolla was located at Naju until it was moved to Gwangju in 1895. The name Jeolla actually originates from the first character of Jeonju () and the first character of Na ...

. In the end, Goryeo repulsed the Khitan and forced them to withdrew from the Korean land. In 1019, when Goryeo continued to refuse to submit or return the northern territories, the Khitan attacked once more. Goryeo generals, including

Gang Gam-chan Gang Gam-chan (; 22 December 948 – 9 September 1031) was a medieval Korean government official and military commander during the early days of Goryeo Dynasty (918–1392). Even though he was a career scholar and government official, he is bes ...

, were able to inflict heavy losses on the Khitan army in the

Battle of Kwiju The Battle of Gwiju, which occurred in 1019, was the major battle during the Third Goryeo–Khitan War (1018-1019), fought between the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China and the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. After crossing the Aprok River, the ...

. The Khitan withdrew without achieving their demands and never again invaded Goryeo. Both the Liao Dynasty and Goryeo enjoyed a time of peace, and their cultures were at their height. Meantime, Hyeonjong ordered the compilation of the ''

Tripitaka Koreana The (lit. ) or ("Eighty-Thousand ''Tripiṭaka''") is a Korean collection of the (Buddhist scriptures, and the Sanskrit word for "three baskets"), carved onto 81,258 wooden printing blocks in the 13th century. It is the oldest intact vers ...

'', which was 6,000 volumes. It is the act of carving the woodblocks that was considered to be a way of bringing about a change in fortune by invoking the Buddha's help.

Family

*Father:

Anjong of Goryeo Anjong of Goryeo (died 24 July 996), personal name Wang Uk, was a Goryeo Royal Prince as the only child of King Taejo and Queen Sinseong. He later became the father of King Hyeonjong. Biography After King Gyeongjong's death in 981, Queen Heonj ...

(고려 안종) **Grandfather: Taejo of Goryeo (고려 태조) **Grandmother: Queen Sinseong (신성왕후) *Mother: Queen Dowager Hyosuk (효숙왕태후) **Grandfather:

Daejong of Goryeo Daejong of Goryeo (died 969; born Wang Uk) was a Goryeo Royal Prince as the only son of King Taejo and Queen Sinjeong, elder brother of Queen Daemok and father of King Seongjong. Through his children, he became the grandfather of Queen Wonyon ...

(고려 대종) **Grandmother:

Queen Seonui Queen Seonui (14 December 1705 – 12 August 1730) of the Hamjong Eo clan, was the second wife of Yi Yun, King Gyeongjong, the 20th Joseon monarch. She was Queen of Joseon from 1720 until her husband's death in 1724, after which she was honour ...

(선의왕후) *Consorts and their Respective issue(s): # Queen Wonjeong of the Seonsan Gim clan (원정왕후 김씨; d. 1018); half first cousin once removed – No issue. # Queen Wonhwa of the Gyeongju Choi clan (원화왕후 최씨); half first cousin once removed. ## Princess Hyojeong (효정공주) ##Princess Cheonsu (천수전주) ##Wang Su (왕수) # Queen Wonseong of the Ansan Gim clan (원성왕후 김씨; d. 1028) ## Crown Prince Wang Heum (태자 왕흠) ## Wang Hyeong, Prince Pyeongnyang (왕형 평량군) ## Queen Inpyeong (인평왕후) ##Princess Gyeongsuk (경숙공주) # Queen Wonhye of the Ansan Gim clan (원혜왕후 김씨; d. 1022) ## Wang Hwi, Prince Nakrang (왕휘 낙랑군) ## Wang Gi, Duke Pyeongnyang (왕기 평량공) ##

Queen Hyosa Queen Hyosa of the Ansan Gim clan () was a Goryeo princess as the daughter of King Hyeonjong and Queen Wonhye, also the full younger sister of King Munjong and King Jeonggan who became the third wife of her half brother, King Deokjong. Since the ...

(효사왕후) # Queen Wonyong of the Jeongju Yu clan (원용왕후 유씨); half first cousin once removed – No issue. # Queen Wonmok of the Icheon Seo clan (원목왕후 서씨; d. 1057) – No issue. # Queen Wonpyeong of the Ansan Gim clan (원평왕후 김씨; d. 1028) ##Princess Hyogyeong (효경공주) # Pure Consort Wonsun of the Gyeongju Gim clan (원순숙비 김씨) ##

Queen Gyeongseong Queen Gyeongseong of the Gyeongju Gim clan (Hangul: 경성왕후 김씨, Hanja: 敬成王后金氏; d. 23 September 1086) was a Goryeo princess as the only daughter of King Hyeonjong and Consort Wonsun who became a queen consort through her marr ...

(경성왕후) # Noble Consort Wonjil of the Cheongju Yi clan (원질귀비 이씨) – No issue. #Noble Consort, of the Yu clan (귀비 유씨) – No issue. #Palace Lady Hwon-yeong of the Yangju Han clan (궁인 한훤영) ##Wang Chung (왕충)Married his half niece, Lady Yu (부인 유씨, 婦人劉氏) who was Deokjong's daughter. In '' Goryeosa'', Wang Chung appeared with the title of "Geomgyotaesa" (검교태사, 檢校太師; "Taesa" is a type of post that given to a servant, public servant, and high-ranking official during the

dynasty period while "Geomgyo" is like a kind of honorary position) and a believer of

Buddhism Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...

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http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EB%8D%95%EC%A2%85+%EC%86%8C%EC%83%9D+%EA%B3%B5%EC%A3%BC%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%8D%95%EC%A2%85+%EC%86%8C%EC%83%9D+%EA%B3%B5%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_091r_0020_0070_0030/2/1/2/r] #Palace Lady Yi (궁인 이씨) #Palace Lady Bak (궁인 박씨) ##Lady Aji (아지)

In popular culture

* Portrayed by Kim Ji-hoon (actor born 1981), Kim Ji-hoon in the 2009

KBS2 The Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) () is the national broadcaster of South Korea. Founded in February 1927, it is one of the leading South Korean television and radio broadcasters. KBS operates seven radio networks, ten television channels, a ...

TV series ''

Empress Cheonchu ''Empress Cheonchu'' (; also known as ''The Iron Empress'') is a 2009 South Korean period television series based on the title character, an actual historical figure and her lifelong struggle to protect the country her ancestors built. The grand ...

''.

References

* 11th-century Korean monarchs 992 births 1031 deaths Korean Buddhist monarchs People from Kaesong {{korea-bio-stub

Family

In popular culture

See also

References