The , established in 1225 b

Hōjō Yasutoki Hōjō Yasutoki (; 1183 – July 14, 1242) was the third ''shikken'' (regent) of the Kamakura shogunate in Japan. He strengthened the political system of the Hōjō regency. Life He was the eldest son of second ''shikken'' Hōjō Yoshitoki. A ...

, was a judicial council in

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

Overview

During the

Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars ...

it was composed of the ''

Rōjū The , usually translated as ''Elder (administrative title), Elder'', was one of the highest-ranking government posts under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. The term refers either to individual Elders, or to the Council of Elders as a wh ...

'' (Elders), the highest officials in the shogunate government, and a number of Commissioners called ''

Bugyō was a title assigned to ''samurai'' officials in feudal Japan. ''Bugyō'' is often translated as commissioner, magistrate, or governor, and other terms would be added to the title to describe more specifically a given official's tasks or jurisdi ...

'', who headed certain executive departments. The role of the council was partially executive, and partially judicial, and they served from a Council Chamber within

Edo Castle is a flatland castle that was built in 1457 by Ōta Dōkan in Edo, Toshima District, Musashi Province. In modern times it is part of the Tokyo Imperial Palace in Chiyoda, Tokyo, and is therefore also known as . Tokugawa Ieyasu established th ...

. Unlike many modern governmental councils or organizations, the ''Hyōjōsho'' members had other responsibilities and powers, outside of being members of the council. In addition to the ''Rōjū'', the members of the ''Hyōjōsho'' were the '' Machi-bugyō'' (City Commissioners), '' Jisha-Bugyō'' (Commissioners of Shrines and Temples), '' Kanjō-Bugyō'' (Finance Commissioners), and the '' Ō-Metsuke'' (Chief Inspectors).

Summary of each clan grading office

Each clan also had an organization that judged the

samurai The samurai () were members of the warrior class in Japan. They were originally provincial warriors who came from wealthy landowning families who could afford to train their men to be mounted archers. In the 8th century AD, the imperial court d ...

under its own jurisdiction as well, and it was called an appraisal office or a royal house. In

Sendai domain The , also known as the , was a domain of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1600 to 1871. The Sendai Domain was based at Aoba Castle in Mutsu Province, in the modern city of Sendai, located in the Tōhoku region of ...

, it was located on the banks of the Hirose river, so it remains as a place name called appraisal Kawahara even after its abolition.

References

*Sansom, George (1963). "A History of Japan: 1615-1867." Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. {{DEFAULTSORT:Hyojosho Government of feudal Japan