Hugo Karel Eduard, 2nd Prince of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (15 September 1803 – 18 April 1888), was a

mediatized Mediatization or mediatisation may refer to: * German mediatisation, German historical territorial restructuring * Mediatization (media) Mediatization (or medialization) is a method whereby the mass media influence other sectors of society, inclu ...

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

prince who was an industrialist and politician.

Early life

Hugo was born on 15 September 1803 in

Brno Brno ( , ; ) is a Statutory city (Czech Republic), city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava (river), Svitava and Svratka (river), Svratka rivers, Brno has about 403,000 inhabitants, making ...

in the

Margraviate of Moravia The Margraviate of Moravia (; ) was one of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown within the Holy Roman Empire and then Austria-Hungary, existing from 1182 to 1918. It was officially administered by a margrave in cooperation with a provincial diet. I ...

. He was the eldest son of Count Franz Joseph of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (1776–1836), and Countess Maria Josepha McCaffry von Keanmore. Among his siblings was brother Count Robert of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz, who married Countess Felicitas von

Clary und Aldringen The House of Clary und Aldringen, also known as Clary-Aldringen, is one of the most prominent Austro-Hungarian princely families. Originally from Friuli, Northern Italy, one branch of the family moved to the County of Tyrol around 1500 and to the ...

(a daughter of

Carl Joseph, 3rd Prince of Clary-Aldringen Karel Josef von Clary und Aldringen (12 December 1777 – 31 May 1831) was an Austro-Hungarian prince. Early life Karel Josef was born on 12 December 1777 in Vienna, Austria. He was the son of Johann Nepomuk, 2nd Prince of Clary-Aldringen (1753� ...

). His paternal grandparents were Karl Joseph, 1st Prince of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz and Princess Maria Franziska of Auersperg (a daughter of Karl Josef, 5th Prince of Auersperg and sister of Wilhelm, 6th Prince of Auersperg). After his grandmother's death, his grandfather married Countess Antonia Maria Paar (a daughter of Prince Wenzel Chrisostumus Paar and Princess Maria Antonia of Liechtenstein, herself a daughter of

Johann Nepomuk Karl, Prince of Liechtenstein Johann Nepomuk Karl (Johann Nepomuk Karl Borromäus Josef Franz de Paula; 6 July 1724 – 22 December 1748) was the Prince of Liechtenstein between 1732 and 1748. Early life He was the son of Joseph Johann Adam, Prince of Liechtenstein and hi ...

). His maternal grandparents were Count Robert McCaffry von Keanmore and Countess Maria Anna von Blümegen.

Career

As his father predeceased his grandfather, upon the latter's death on 16 June 1838, he succeeded as the 2nd

Prince of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz The House of Salm-Reifferscheidt-salM is a noble family of Germany, German descent established in Central Moravia (now part of the Czech Republic). It came into existence after a partition of Salm-Reifferscheid-Bedburg line in 1734, and was elevate ...

. His grandfather had previously succeeded his father as the 2nd Count of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz, before he was elevated to

Reichsfürst Prince of the Holy Roman Empire (, , cf. ''Fürst'') was a title attributed to a hereditary ruler, nobleman or prelate recognised by the Holy Roman Emperor. Definition Originally, possessors of the princely title bore it as immediate vassal ...

in 1790. His grandfather's reign over his

Imperial Estate An Imperial Estate (; , plural: ') was an entity or an individual of the Holy Roman Empire with representation and the right to vote in the Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire), Imperial Diet ('). Rulers of these Estates were able to exercise signi ...

as Prince of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz was shortlived, however, as his territory was

in 1811. In 1852, he received the title of Privy Councilor and was a holder of the

Order of the Golden Fleece The Distinguished Order of the Golden Fleece (, ) is a Catholic order of chivalry founded in 1430 in Brugge by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to celebrate his marriage to Isabella of Portugal, Duchess of Burgundy, Isabella of Portugal. T ...

. Between 1849 and 1864, he was director of the Moravian-Silesian Agricultural Society and oversaw the establishment of a chemical research station for agriculture. He was also the owner of the ironworks in

Blansko Blansko (; ) is a town in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 20,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Svitava River on the border of the Moravian Karst. It is mainly an industrial town. Administrative division Blansko consi ...

, the

lignite Lignite (derived from Latin ''lignum'' meaning 'wood'), often referred to as brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest ...

mines in Gaya, and the hard coal mines in

Ostrava Ostrava (; ; ) is a city in the north-east of the Czech Republic and the capital of the Moravian-Silesian Region. It has about 283,000 inhabitants. It lies from the border with Poland, at the confluences of four rivers: Oder, Opava (river), Opa ...

Political career

From 1848 to 1849 he was president of the newly established

Moravian Diet The Moravian Diet (; ; earlier Moravský stavovský sněm; ) was the legislature of Moravia, the general assembly of the estates of the Margraviate of Moravia. It emerged from earlier informal assemblies known as the Moravian corporate Diet (or D ...

. In 1861 he was again elected to the Diet and served as Governor of

Moravia Moravia ( ; ) is a historical region in the eastern Czech Republic, roughly encompassing its territory within the Danube River's drainage basin. It is one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The medieval and early ...

until 1867. In 1857 he became a member of the permanent Imperial Council, and of the expanded Imperial Council in 1860. In Parliament he represented the positions of the conservative nobility. In 1861 he became a hereditary member of the

House of Lords The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the lower house, the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster in London, England. One of the oldest ext ...

. In 1868 he protested against

dualism Dualism most commonly refers to: * Mind–body dualism, a philosophical view which holds that mental phenomena are, at least in certain respects, not physical phenomena, or that the mind and the body are distinct and separable from one another * P ...

, which he saw as a violation of the historical individuality of the

Personal life

The family of Hugo II of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz

On 6 September 1830, Hugo was married to Countess Leopoldine Polyxene Christiane of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Krautheim (1805–1878), a daughter of Prince Franz Wilhelm of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Krautheim and Princess Franziska Luise of

Hohenlohe-Bartenstein Hohenlohe-Bartenstein was a German principality of the House of Hohenlohe, located in northeastern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, around Bartenstein. Hohenlohe-Bartenstein was a partition of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst and was raised from a cou ...

(sister of Louis Aloysius, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein). Together, they were the parents of five children: * Countess ''Maria Rosine'' Leopoldine Auguste Franziska Wilhelmine Aloysia (1831–1845), who died young. * ''Hugo Karl'' Franz de Paula Theodor of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (1832–1890), who married Princess Elisabeth of

Liechtenstein Liechtenstein (, ; ; ), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein ( ), is a Landlocked country#Doubly landlocked, doubly landlocked Swiss Standard German, German-speaking microstate in the Central European Alps, between Austria in the east ...

, a daughter of Prince Karl Joseph of Liechtenstein and Countess Franziska von Würben und Freudenthal, in 1858. * Countess ''Augusta'' Aloysia Marie Eleonore Rosine Leopoldine Berthilde of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (1833–1891), who married Count , a son of Count Karl Johann Nepomuk of

Clam-Martinic The House of Clam-Martinic is the name of an old and influential noble family, whose family members occupied many important positions within the Habsburg Empire. History The family originates from Berg near Henndorf am Wallersee and appeare ...

and the former Lady Selina Meade (a daughter of the 2nd Earl of Clanwilliam), in 1851. * Count ''Siegfried'' Constantin Bardo of Salm-Reifferscheid-Raitz (1835–1898), a member of the

House of Deputies The House of Deputies is one of the legislative houses of the bicameral General Convention of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. The other is the House of Bishops. Membership Each diocese of the Episcopal Church, as well as the ...

and

Bohemian Diet The Bohemian Diet (, ) was the parliament of the Kingdom of Bohemia within the Austro-Hungarian Empire between 1861 and Czechoslovak independence in 1918. The Diet during the Absolutist Period In 1471, the Bohemian estates elected the Ja ...

; he married Countess Rudolfine Czernin von und zu Chudenitz, a daughter of Count Jaromir Czernin von und zu Chudenitz and Countess Karolina

Schaffgotsch The Schaffgotsch family is an old and influential Silesian nobility which dates back to the thirteenth century. Some of its members played important roles in the public life of Bohemia, then Habsburg monarchy and later Prussia. History Around 124 ...

, in 1864. * Count ''Erich'' Adolf Karl Georg Leodgar of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (1836–1884), who married '' Donna'' Maria Alvarez de Toledo, a daughter of '' Don'' Ignacio Álvarez de Toledo Palafox and Teresa Álvarez de Toledo Silva-Bazán. His wife died on 4 July 1878 in Brühl near Vienna. Prince Hugo died in

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

, on 18 April 1888. He was buried at Salm Cemetery in Sloup.

Descendants

Through his eldest son Hugo, he was a grandfather of Countess Maria Leopoldine of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (who married Count

Karol Lanckoroński Count Karol Lanckoroński () (born 4 November 1848 in Vienna; died 15 July 1933 in Vienna) was a Polish writer, art collector, patron, historian, traveler, and vice-president of the Society for Cultural Protection in his native Galicia. He was ...

and Count Marko Heinrich von

Bombelles The Bombelles family is an old aristocratic family which originated from the Duchy of Lorraine. Members of the family later settled in the Holy Roman Empire and in Portugal. They held the title of Marquis in France and Count in Austria. Notable ...

); Hugo Leopold, 4th Prince of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (1863–1903); Countess Elisabeth of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (who married Count Wladimir Mittrowsky); Count Karl Boromäus of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (who married Princess Elisabeth of Fürstenberg); and Countess Eleonore of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (who married Count Albert von Herberstein). Through his second son Siegfried, he was a grandfather of Count Rudolf of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (who married Countess Marie von Wallis); Count Erich of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz; Count Robert of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Rait; Countess Augustine of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz; and Countess Leopoldine of Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz.

Gallery

Engelbert Seibertz - Hugo II. Salm-Reifferscheidt.jpg, Portrait of Prince Hugo by Engelbert Seibertz Hugo Karel Eduard Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz (1803-1888).jpg, Portrait of Prince Hugo by Jan Adolf Brandeis Jan Adolf Brandeis - Leopoldina Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz, roz. Salm-Reifferscheidt-Krautheim.jpg, Portrait of his wife, Princess Leopoldina, by Jan Adolf Brandeis Hugo Karel Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz + 1890.jpg, Portrait of his eldest son, Prince Hugo, by

Heinrich von Angeli Heinrich Anton von Angeli (8 July 1840 – 21 October 1925) was an Austrian historian and portrait painter. Life The Angeli family was originally from Venice and was ennobled by the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II in 1565.Braun-Ronsdorf (1953 ...

, Princess Elisabeth of Salm-Reifferscheidt née Liechtenstein.jpg, Portrait of his daughter-in-law, Princess Elisabeth of Liechtenstein, by

, 1885

Notes

References

External links

*{{commons category-inline, Hugo Karel Eduard Salm-Reifferscheidt-Raitz 1803 births 1888 deaths 02 Politicians from Vienna Politicians from Brno People from the Margraviate of Moravia Members of the Moravian Diet Habsburg Bohemian nobility Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria