The Houston Automatic Spooling Priority Program, commonly known as HASP, is an extension of the
IBM OS/360 operating system and its successors providing extended support for "job management, data management, task management, and
remote job entry
Remote job entry, or Remote Batch, is the procedure for sending requests for non-interactive data processing tasks ( jobs) to mainframe computers from remote workstations, and by extension the process of receiving the output from such jobs at a re ...
."
History
OS/360 included spooling routines, called ''reader/interpreters'' and ''output writers''.
Each reader/interpreter was "responsible for reading one input job stream" – that is one input device. Likewise each output writer was responsible for controlling one printer or
punch. Spooled data were stored in OS ''temporary datasets'' controlled by standard OS services. Each reader/interpreter or output writer was a separate operating system task in its own partition or region. A system with a large number of readers, printers, and punches might have a large number of spooling tasks.
HASP was developed by
IBM Federal Systems Division contractors at the
Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in
Houston
Houston ( ) is the List of cities in Texas by population, most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and in the Southern United States. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the county seat, seat of ...
. The developers were Tom Simpson and Bob Crabtree. HASP was a program that ran on a mainframe, and performed functions such as:
scheduling
A schedule (, ) or a timetable, as a basic time-management tool, consists of a list of times at which possible tasks, events, or actions are intended to take place, or of a sequence of events in the chronological order in which such things ...
, control of job flow,
spooling
In computing, spooling is a specialized form of multi-programming for the purpose of copying data between different devices. In contemporary systems, it is usually used for mediating between a computer application and a slow peripheral, such a ...
and printing/punching. HASP had no support for ''IBM System/360 Operating System Remote Job Entry'', 360S-RC-536, but provided roughly equivalent facilities of its own.
In HASP II V3, Roger Fajman, Bill Jones, and Jim Oberthaler of
NIH created the shared spool capability for HASP that was used by many mainframe sites. It allowed each HASP system to share a common spool and checkpoint. This enabled workload balancing in a multi-mainframe environment. In HASP II V4, Don Greb and Dave Miko of
Mellon Bank moved HASP shared spool to this version. Don Greb of Mellon Bank carried it forward into
JES2
The Job Entry Subsystem (JES) is a component of IBM's MVS ( MVS/370 through z/OS) mainframe operating systems that is responsible for managing batch workloads. In modern times, there are two distinct implementations of the Job Entry System call ...
multi-access spool (IBM's formal support of HASP in
MVS
Multiple Virtual Storage, more commonly called MVS, is the most commonly used operating system on the System/370, System/390 and IBM Z IBM mainframe computers. IBM developed MVS, along with OS/VS1 and SVS, as a successor to OS/360. It is unr ...
). Over 350 copies of the HASP II V4 shared spool mods were distributed around the world by Mellon Bank. The shared spool Mellon Mods were added to the SHARE distribution process so they could be more widely accessed. The "Mellon Mods" were the base for Jes/2 Multi Access Spool.
The program was sometimes referred to under various other names, but there is no indication of IBM ever using them in official documents.
The program became classified as part of the
IBM Type-III Library. It had a competitor,
ASP (Attached Support Processor), which ran on one mainframe and controlled scheduling of other attached mainframes. ASP later became
JES3.
In
MVS
Multiple Virtual Storage, more commonly called MVS, is the most commonly used operating system on the System/370, System/390 and IBM Z IBM mainframe computers. IBM developed MVS, along with OS/VS1 and SVS, as a successor to OS/360. It is unr ...
, HASP became JES2, one of two
Job Entry Subsystems. It was many years before the HASP labels were removed from the JES2 source, and the messages issued by JES2 are still prefixed with "$HASP".
A modified version of HASP was used to provide batch spooling and remote job entry services for the
Michigan Terminal System
The Michigan Terminal System (MTS) is one of the first time-sharing computer operating systems.. Created in 1967 at the University of Michigan for use on IBM System/360, IBM S/360-67, S/370 and compatible mainframe computers, it was developed and ...
during the late 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.
"Resource Manager Printing Comes to U-M (replacing HASP)"
''U-M Computing News'', Vol. 5 No. 1 (8 January 1990), University of Michigan (Ann Arbor), page 19
Program organization
HASP bypassed most operating system services with code specially tailored for efficiency. HASP operated as a single operating system task and used cooperative multitasking
Cooperative multitasking, also known as non-preemptive multitasking, is a computer multitasking technique in which the operating system never initiates a context switch from a running Process (computing), process to another process. Instead, in o ...
internally to run ''processors'' to perform tasks such as running card readers, printers, and punches, managing the spool files, communicating with the system operator, and driving multiple communication lines for remote job entry.
Hasp was written entirely in System/360 assembler and a ''typical'' HASP system might require 86KB of memory, which could be virtual memory on OS/VS systems.
pre-JES JECL
Much of what would become JES2
The Job Entry Subsystem (JES) is a component of IBM's MVS ( MVS/370 through z/OS) mainframe operating systems that is responsible for managing batch workloads. In modern times, there are two distinct implementations of the Job Entry System call ...
's JECL was a part of HASP.
* ''/*MESSAGE'' permitted sending a message to the console operator.
* ''/*SETUP'' would notify the operator what was needed (tapes, disks, etc.)
and in the meantime the job was in a HOLD queue.
* ''/*ROUTE PRINT'' & ''/*ROUTE PUNCH'' allowed flexibility, as needed.
Remote job entry
Hasp originally supported IBM Synchronous Transmit-Receive (STR) batch
terminals; however, HASP II dropped support for STR and only supported the
Binary Synchronous Communications (BSC) protocol. HASP II supported
IBM terminals such as
2770,
2780,
3770,
3780,
but additionally provided support for ''multi-leaving''[
] communication with intelligent workstations such as the IBM 1130
The IBM 1130 Computing System, introduced in 1965, was IBM's least expensive computer at that time. A binary 16-bit machine, it was marketed to price-sensitive, computing-intensive technical markets, like education and engineering, succeeding th ...
, IBM System/3
The IBM System/3 was an IBM midrange computer introduced in 1969, and marketed until 1985. It was produced by IBM Rochester in Minnesota as a low-end business computer aimed at smaller organizations that still used IBM 1400 series computers or u ...
and the System/360 Model 20. Multi-leaving is "fully synchronous, pseudo-simultaneous, bi-directional transmission of a variable number of data streams between two or more computers utilizing binary-synchronous communications facilities."
Third party vendors developed a variety of 2770/2780/3780 simulators and Multi-leaving implementations for use with HASP and ASP. Some of these vendors incorrectly referred to their products as HASP emulator
In computing, an emulator is Computer hardware, hardware or software that enables one computer system (called the ''host'') to behave like another computer system (called the ''guest''). An emulator typically enables the host system to run sof ...
s, but the products were actually terminals that talked to HASP; they did not perform any of the functions of HASP.
Operator Commands
The RJE console operator could enter a restricted set of HASP Console Operator Commands. These HASP commands were the precursor of JES2
The Job Entry Subsystem (JES) is a component of IBM's MVS ( MVS/370 through z/OS) mainframe operating systems that is responsible for managing batch workloads. In modern times, there are two distinct implementations of the Job Entry System call ...
's Job Entry Control Language ( JES2 JECL).
Operands were restricted to those from this remote site, hence DJ1-999 (below) would only display typically a few, those still outstanding from the operator's remote site.
Some of the HASP RJE Console commands, which could be entered in short (single letter) form, or spelled out, are:
A command line "C rm1.rdr" was meant to cancel rather than submit the current deck of cards being read. This might have been of use if a card jam made it more sensible to let other jobs go ahead while one or more cards were replaced at a nearby keypunch.
Job log
HASP job log output provided a summary of the resources used for the job (output appeared in all caps):
* Start time
* Stop time
* Execution time
* Memory usage
* Spool space used
* Cards read
* Cards punched
* Lines printed
See also
* Remote Job Entry
Remote job entry, or Remote Batch, is the procedure for sending requests for non-interactive data processing tasks ( jobs) to mainframe computers from remote workstations, and by extension the process of receiving the output from such jobs at a re ...
* Job Entry Subsystem 2/3
* Peter G. Gyarmati
* Anthony James Barr
Notes
References
*
* A History of Modern Computing, page 124, By Paul E. Ceruzzi, Published by MIT Press, 2003, . 445 pages
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Houston Automated Spooling Program (section)
IBM mainframe operating systems
Job scheduling
Remote job entry
Assembly language software