Hinteriss WV kirche gasthof zur post ds 05 2007

Hinterriß is a Tyrolean village in

Schwaz District The Bezirk Schwaz is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in Tyrol, Austria. It borders Bavaria (Germany) in the north, the districts of Kufstein, Kitzbühel and Pinzgau (Salzburg) in the east, South Tyrol (Italy) in the south, and the Innsbr ...

Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...

, located at the Rißbach river at a height of 928 metres. Legally, Hinterriß is split up between the municipalities of

Vomp Vomp is a municipality in the Schwaz district in the Austrian state of Tyrol Tyrol ( ; historically the Tyrole; ; ) is a historical region in the Alps of Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County o ...

and

Eben am Achensee Eben am Achensee is a municipality in the Schwaz district in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Geography Eben lies in the Achen valley on the shores of the Achensee above the lower Inn Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers ...

Population

According to the 2001 census, Hinterriß had a total population of 41; 28 in the community of

and 13 in

. In 2010 3 buildings (2 inhabitants) were moved from Eben to Vomp .

Geography

The

Karwendel The Karwendel is the largest mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps. It is located on the Austria–Germany border. The major part belongs to the Austrian federal state of Tyrol (state), Tyrol, while the adjacent area in the north is part ...

mountain range separates Hinterriß from the rest of Austria. The only road connection to Hinterriß leads through

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

territory, as such Hinterriß is considered a practical

exclave An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity. An enclave can be an independent territory or part of a larger one. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is s ...

. Unlike

Jungholz Jungholz () is a village in the district of Reutte in the Austrian state of Tyrol that is only accessible via Germany. The lack of a road connection to anywhere else in Austria led to Jungholz being included in the German customs area before Austr ...

and the

Kleinwalsertal Kleinwalsertal is a valley in the Austrian province of Vorarlberg and part of the Bregenz district. It includes the municipality of Mittelberg and consists of three villages along the River Breitach. Due to the geographic location in the All ...

, Hinterriß never had a special status. The toll-free road connects Hinterriß with the German Vorderriß. In the other direction, a toll road of 15 km accessible only in summer connects Hinterriß with the small village of

Eng Eng or ENG may refer to: Language and linguistics * Eng (letter), Ŋ ŋ * En with descender, Ң ң * eng, ISO 639-3 and ISO 639-2 code for English language * Velar nasal, a phoneme People * Eng (name), a given name and surname in various cu ...

at the end of the valley.

Ahornboden

At the end of the Rißbach valley, between 1080 and 1300m just before the village of Eng in the municipal area of

lies the "Große Ahornboden" ("large maple grove"). Humans settled here 4500 BC. In 1927, the maple trees were declared a

natural monument A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. They can be natural geological and geographical features such as w ...

, as one of the oldest protected areas of natural monuments in Tyrol. During the Ice Age a classic

U-shaped valley U-shaped valleys, also called trough valleys or glacial troughs, are formed by the process of Glacial period, glaciation. They are characteristic of mountain glaciation in particular. They have a characteristic U shape in cross-section, with s ...

was formed, and the valley bottom of the Enger Grundbach was filled with 80 to 120 meters of gravel, which is continuing to accumulate in large quantities due to erosion. the sycamore maple was able to make optimum use of these conditions due to its special root system. The removal of conifers, bushes, etc., was probably due to alpine farming since the 12th century. Thus, unique maple groves are a product of special natural conditions and traditional human use. In December 1988, the Große Ahornboden was designated as Protected Landscape Area, which includes 267,28

Hectare The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), that is, square metres (), and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. ...

LGBl. 28/1989 It is also part of the Karwendel Nature Park. The area is overgrown with numerous 300 to 600 year old and very gnarled

maple trees ''Acer'' is a genus of trees and shrubs commonly known as maples. The genus is placed in the soapberry family Sapindaceae.Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 9, June 2008 Tayloria rudolphiana. From a zoological point of view, the old trees are very attractive for cave breeders such as woodpeckers and bats. The "Kleine Ahornboden" is located at the southern end of the Johannestal at around 1400 metres altitude directly below the steeply sloping north faces of the Hinterautal-Vomper Chain. It can be reached on foot in about 2.5 hours from Hinterriß and in about 2 hours from Karwendelhaus.

History

As early as 1484, iron ore deposits were discovered, which since have been mined and smelted locally in a

smelter Smelting is a process of applying heat and a chemical reducing agent to an ore to extract a desired base metal product. It is a form of extractive metallurgy that is used to obtain many metals such as iron, copper, silver, tin, lead and zin ...

. In 1544, the mining industry came into the possession of

Fugger The House of Fugger () is a German family that was historically a prominent group of European bankers, members of the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century mercantile patriciate of Augsburg, international mercantile bankers, and venture capitalists. ...

. The miners built a small chapel "Maria auf der Schmelz", which over time became the destination of a lively pilgrimage, especially from the Bavarian region.Robert R. v. Srbik: ''Überblick des Bergbaues von Tirol und Vorarlberg in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart.'' In: Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereines in Innsbruck, Band 41 (1929), S. 113–279
PDF; 7,2 MB
Until 1822, Hinterriß belonged to the

Diocese of Freising The Archdiocese of Munich and Freising (, ) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Bavaria, Germany.Diocese of Brixen The Diocese of Bolzano-Brixen (, , ) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in northern Italy, with its seat in the city of Bolzano. Its territory corresponds with that of the province of South Tyrol with its predominantly German-speaking pop ...

. At the request of the Bressanone Ordinariate the Franciscan Monastery of

Schwaz Schwaz () is a city in the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is the administrative center of the Schwaz district. Schwaz is located in the lower Inn valley. Location Schwaz lies in the middle of the Lower Inn Valley at the foot of the Kellerjoch ...

took over the pastoral care temporarily. In 1831, they took over the

Expositur A chapelry was a subdivision of an ecclesiastical parish in England and parts of Lowland Scotland up to the mid 19th century. Status A chapelry had a similar status to a township, but was so named as it had a chapel of ease (chapel) which was t ...

with two fathers and a lay brother. The settlement at that time consisted of church and Widum;including stable and barn as well as a forester’s house and individual scattered buildings and pastures in the area.Pascal Hollaus: 'The little monastery in the Karwendel. '' In: Austria franciscana No. 5 (2010), S. 78-85
PDF; 391 kB
Tourism began in the middle of the 19th century. Prince

Karl, Prince of Leiningen (1804–1856) Karl, Prince of Leiningen, Order of the Garter, KG (Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Emich; 12 September 1804 – 13 November 1856) was the third Prince of Leiningen and maternal half-brother of Queen Victoria. Leiningen served as a Kingdom of Bavari ...

renewed the roads to Hinterriß and built a hunting lodge near the church, which in 1859 was taken over by

Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Ernest II (; 21 June 181822 August 1893) was Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 29 January 1844 to his death in 1893. He was born in Coburg to Ernest III, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, and Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. His father be ...

. As of March 1928, an oil shale mine of 36 hectares was out of operation. On 6 June 2009, the Nature Park House was inaugurated as the information centre of the Karwendel Alpine Park.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hinterriss Cities and towns in Schwaz District