Het Fortuyn () is a tower mill in the

Netherlands Open Air Museum The Netherlands Open Air Museum () is a national open-air museum located in Arnhem. It focuses on the culture associated with the everyday lives of ordinary people, and demonstrating the old way of life in the Netherlands. The park was establishe ...

, located in

Arnhem Arnhem ( ; ; Central Dutch dialects, Ernems: ''Èrnem'') is a Cities of the Netherlands, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands, near the German border. It is the capita ...

Gelderland Gelderland ( , ), also known as Guelders ( ) in English, is a Provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands, located in the centre-east of the country. With a total area of of which is water, it is the largest province of the Nethe ...

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

which was built in 1920 and is in working order.

History

Jan de Vos I - Gezicht op Delft vanaf de Vliet vanuit het noorden

''Het Fortuyn'' was originally built at

Delft Delft () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is located between Rotterdam, to the southeast, ...

South Holland South Holland ( ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about , making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. ...

in 1696. The first mill on that site was a

post mill The post mill is the earliest type of European windmill. Its defining feature is that the whole body of the mill that houses the machinery is mounted on a single central vertical post. The vertical post is supported by four quarter bars. These ar ...

built in 1551 and demolished during the

Eighty Years' War The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt (; 1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish Empire, Spanish government. The Origins of the Eighty Years' War, causes of the w ...

. Permission was granted in 1603 for a replacement mill to be erected. This was also a post mill, known as the ''Slikmolen''. It is shown in the painting ''Gezicht op Delft gezien vanuit het noorden'' by Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom. The painting is in the

Museum Het Prinsenhof Het Prinsenhof ("The Court of the Prince") is a museum in the city of Delft in the Netherlands. Formerly the monastery of St Agatha, the building changed purpose over time. The whole building came into the possession of Delft City Council by 1925 ...

, Delft. ''Het Fortuyn'' was thus the third mill on this site. Circa 1800, the mill was still known as the ''Slikmolen'', gaining the name ''Het Fortuyn'' between 1807 and 1817. The mill drove four pairs of

millstones Millstones or mill stones are stones used in gristmills, used for Trituration, triturating, crusher, crushing or, more specifically, grinding wheat or other grains. They are sometimes referred to as grindstones or grinding stones. Millstone ...

. In 1873, a pair of millstones for the production of

pearl barley Pearl barley, or pearled barley, is barley that has been processed to remove its fibrous outer hull and polished to remove some or all of the bran Bran, also known as miller's bran, is the component of a Cereal, cereal grain consisting o ...

was added. In the late 19th century the mill was owned by the Rossum family, and was also known as the ''Molen van Rossum''. In the early 20th century, the Frans-Hollandse Oliefabrieken Calvé and the Nederlandsche Gist- en Spiritusfabriek purchased the mill as they were expanding their oil mills. The mill was dismantled in 1917. It was re-erected at the

in 1920. The mill's windshaft was broken during the dismantling of the mill. A new one was procured for use in the re-erected mill. The costs of demolishing and re-erecting the mill were shared between the oil mills and the Gemeente Arnhem. The mill was not restored to working order and its condition deteriorated over time. In 1975, it was restored so that it could turn in the wind. A pair of millstones were restored to working order at a later date. In 1990, the cement rendering was restored to the mill, covering the north, west and south of the tower, as it was when the mill stood in Delft. The mill was restored in 2011-12, with a new stage, cap and sails.

Description

''Het Fortuyn'' is what the Dutch describe as a "Ronde stellingmolen". It is a six-storey tower mill with a stage. The stage in above ground level. The cap is

thatch Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, Phragmites, water reed, Cyperaceae, sedge (''Cladium mariscus''), Juncus, rushes, Calluna, heather, or palm branches, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away fr ...

ed. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The sails are

Common sails Windmills are powered by their sails. Sails are found in different forms, from primitive common sails to the advanced patent sails. Jib sails The jib sail is found in Mediterranean countries and consists of a simple triangle of cloth wound r ...

. They have a span of . The sails are carried on a cast-iron ''windshaft'', which was cast by the IJzergieterij De Prins van Oranje,

The Hague The Hague ( ) is the capital city of the South Holland province of the Netherlands. With a population of over half a million, it is the third-largest city in the Netherlands. Situated on the west coast facing the North Sea, The Hague is the c ...

. The ''windshaft'' also carries the ''brake wheel'' which has 92 teeth. This drives a ''lantern pinion wallower'', which has 35 staves, and is located at the top of the ''upright shaft'' At the bottom of the ''upright shaft'' is the ''great spur wheel'', which has 86 teeth. This drives five pairs of millstones via ''lantern pinion stone nuts''. which have 32 staves each, apart from that driving the pearl barley stones, which has 24 staves. Three pairs are diameter Cullen

millstone Millstones or mill stones are stones used in gristmills, used for triturating, crushing or, more specifically, grinding wheat or other grains. They are sometimes referred to as grindstones or grinding stones. Millstones come in pairs: a s ...

s, and one pair are Cullens.

Public access

''Het Fortuyn'' is open during museum opening hours.

References

External links

Openluchtmuseum webpage about the mill
{{Dutch Windmills Windmills in Gelderland Windmills completed in 1920 Tower mills in the Netherlands Grinding mills in the Netherlands Agricultural buildings in the Netherlands

History

Description

Public access

See also

References

External links