Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria (29 September 1305 – 1 September 1339), was Duke of Lower Bavaria (also called Henry II).

Family

Henry was born in

Landshut Landshut (; ) is a town in Bavaria, Germany, on the banks of the Isar, River Isar. Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free state (government), Free State of Bavaria, and the seat of the surrou ...

, a son of Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria, and Jutta of Schweidnitz. His maternal grandparents were

Bolko I, Duke of Jawor and Świdnica Bolko is a given name. Notable people with the name include: * Bolko I of Opole (1258–1313), Duke of Opole from 1282, Niemodlin and Strzelce Opolskie until his death *Bolko I the Strict Bolko (Bolesław) I the Strict, also known as Bolko (Boles� ...

and

Beatrice of Brandenburg Beatrice of Brandenburg (, ; – before 26 April 1316), was a German princess and a member of the House of Ascania in the Brandenburg branch. By her two marriages she was Duchess of Świdnica and Koźle- Bytom- Siewierz. She was the second ...

. Bolko was a son of Bolesław II the Bald and his first wife Hedwig of

Anhalt Saxony-Anhalt ( ; ) is a state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony, Thuringia and Lower Saxony. It covers an area of and has a population of 2.17 million inhabitants, making it the 8th-largest state in Germany by area an ...

. Beatrix was a daughter of Otto V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel and Jutta of Hennenberg.

Biography

After the death of his father he became duke of Lower Bavaria together with his brother

Otto IV Otto IV (1175 – 19 May 1218) was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 until his death in 1218. Otto spent most of his early life in England and France. He was a follower of his uncle Richard the Lionheart, who made him Count of Poitou in 1196 ...

under the tutelage of

Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV (; 1 April 1282 – 11 October 1347), called the Bavarian (, ), was King of the Romans from 1314, King of Italy from 1327, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 until his death in 1347. 20 October 1314 imperial election, Louis' election a ...

. Henry supported Louis against Frederick I and became a candidate for the German crown when Louis considered temporarily his resignation in 1333. Conflicts with his brother Otto IV (d. 1334) and his cousin Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria on the partition of their lands worsened the relationship between the emperor and Henry XIV, who allied with his father-in-law

John I of Bohemia John of Bohemia, also called the Blind or of Luxembourg (; ; ; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346), was the Count of Luxembourg from 1313 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of Poland. He is well known for having died while fighting ...

. Notwithstanding this, Henry joined John, with large retinues, to crusade with the

Teutonic Order The Teutonic Order is a religious order (Catholic), Catholic religious institution founded as a military order (religious society), military society in Acre, Israel, Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. The Order of Brothers of the German House of Sa ...

in Prussia in the winter of 1337.Urban, William, ''The Teutonic Knights'', London & Pennsylvania, 2003, p. 133, Some months after the reconciliation with Louis IV in February 1339 Henry died from

leprosy Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a Chronic condition, long-term infection by the bacteria ''Mycobacterium leprae'' or ''Mycobacterium lepromatosis''. Infection can lead to damage of the Peripheral nervous system, nerves, respir ...

and was succeeded by his son

John I, Duke of Bavaria John I of Bavaria (29 November 1329 – 20 December 1340), was the Duke of Lower Bavaria since 1339. John I was the son of Henry XIV, Duke of Lower Bavaria, and Margaret of Bohemia. His maternal grandparents were John I of Bohemia and Elisabe ...

Marriage

On 12 August 1328, Henry married Margaret of Bohemia. She was a daughter of

and

Elisabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330) Elisabeth (or Elizabeth) of Bohemia may refer to: * Elisabeth Richeza of Poland (1286–1335), daughter of Przemysl II of Poland and wife of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia. * Elisabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330), daughter of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and w ...

. They had two children: *

(29 November 1329 – 20 December 1340) * Henry of Wittelsbach (1330). Died within the year of his birth. An illegitimate son named Eberhard is also mentioned in genealogies. Nothing is known of his mother and later life.

References

Sources

External links

*
A pedigree of him
{{DEFAULTSORT:Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria 1305 births 1339 deaths 14th-century dukes of Bavaria House of Wittelsbach Medieval child monarchs Deaths from leprosy