Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne, KG, PC (24 June 1630 – 26 July 1691), styled Lord Henry Cavendish until 1659 and Viscount Mansfield from 1659 to 1676, was an English politician. He sat in the

House of Commons The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the nominally upper house of ...

from 1660 until 1676, when he inherited the dukedom.

Life and career

Cavendish was the only surviving son of

William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne, KG, KB, PC (25 December 1676), who after 1665 styled himself as Prince William Cavendish, was an English courtier and supporter of the arts. He was a renowned horse breeder, as well as being ...

, and his first wife, Elizabeth Basset. His maternal grandparents were William Basset and Judith Austen, daughter of Thomas Austen. After the Restoration of the Monarchy, he was appointed Master of the Robes (June 1660–62) and a

Gentleman of the Bedchamber Gentleman of the Bedchamber was a title in the Royal Household of the Kingdom of England from the 11th century, later used also in the Kingdom of Great Britain. A Lord of the Bedchamber was a courtier in the Royal Households of the United Kingdo ...

(1662–68). In April 1660, Lord Mansfield was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for

Derbyshire Derbyshire ( ) is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It borders Greater Manchester, West Yorkshire, and South Yorkshire to the north, Nottinghamshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south-east, Staffordshire to the south a ...

in the Convention Parliament. He was elected MP for

Northumberland Northumberland ( ) is a ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in North East England, on the Anglo-Scottish border, border with Scotland. It is bordered by the North Sea to the east, Tyne and Wear and County Durham to the south, Cumb ...

in 1661 for the

Cavalier Parliament The Cavalier Parliament of England lasted from 8 May 1661 until 24 January 1679. With the exception of the Long Parliament, it was the longest-lasting English Parliament, and longer than any Great British or UK Parliament to date, enduring ...

. In 1676, he inherited the title of

Duke of Newcastle Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne was a title that was created three times, once in the Peerage of England and twice in the Peerage of Great Britain. The first grant of the title was made in 1665 to William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, Willi ...

and the family seats of

Welbeck Abbey Welbeck Abbey is an English country house near the village of Welbeck in the Bassetlaw District of Nottinghamshire. It was the site of a monastery belonging to the Premonstratensian order, and after the Dissolution of the Monasteries a residen ...

Bolsover Castle Bolsover Castle is in the town of Bolsover (), in the north-east of the English county of Derbyshire. Built in the early 17th century, the present castle lies on the earthworks and ruins of the 12th-century medieval castle; the first structure ...

and

Nottingham Castle Nottingham Castle is a Stuart Restoration-era ducal mansion in Nottingham, England, built on the site of a Normans, Norman castle built starting in 1068, and added to extensively through the medieval period, when it was an important royal fortr ...

on the death of his father and was invested a

Knight of the Garter The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III of England in 1348. The most senior order of knighthood in the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom, British honours system, it is outranked in ...

in 1677. He died in 1691, leaving no surviving male heir, and thus the dukedom became extinct. Welbeck Abbey and other East Midlands estates passed to his favourite daughter Margaret, who had married John Holles, for whom the dukedom was recreated in 1694. The bequest was unsuccessfully contested by Cavendish's other daughters. The department of Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham, holds a number of papers relating to the 2nd Duke of Newcastle – the Cavendish Papers (Pw 1), part of the Portland (Welbeck) Collection, includes some of his personal papers; and the Newcastle (Clumber) Collection (Ne) includes estate papers and family settlements from the time of the 2nd Duke.

Marriage and issue

In 1652, Henry married Frances Pierrepont (b. 1 September 1630 in Thoresby, Nottinghamshire, d. 23 September 1695 in London), daughter of The Hon. William Pierrepont (who was the son of

Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull (6 August 158425 July 1643) was an English nobleman who joined the Royalist side in the English Civil War after some delay and became lieutenant-general of the counties of Lincoln, Rutland, Hunt ...

), and they had six children: * Lady Elizabeth Cavendish (1654–1734), known as the 'Mad Duchess', who married firstly

Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle (14 August 1653 – 6 October 1688) was an English Army officer, politician and colonial administrator who sat in the House of Commons of England, House of Commons from 1667 to 1670 when he inherited hi ...

; no issue. She married secondly Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu; no issue. *Lady Frances Cavendish (25 June 1660 – 4 February 1690), who married John Campbell, 2nd Earl of Breadalbane and Holland (19 November 1662 – 23 February 1752) before 1690; no issue. * Lady Margaret Cavendish (22 October 1661 – 24 December 1716), who married

John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle (9 January 1662 – 15 July 1711) was an English Peerage of the United Kingdom, peer and politician. Early life Holles was born in Edwinstowe, Nottinghamshire, the son of the Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare ...

on 1 March 1690 and had issue. (This was the second creation of the dukedom in 1694 after the first became extinct in 1691). *Henry Cavendish, Earl of Ogle (19 January 1663 – 1 November 1680), who married Lady Elizabeth Percy on 27 March 1679; no issue. In accordance with his marriage settlement, he adopted the surname of Percy in lieu of his patronymic. However he died the following year and was buried in the parish church at the Percy seat of

Petworth Petworth is a town and civil parishes in England, civil parish in the Chichester (district), Chichester District of West Sussex, England. It is located at the junction of the A272 road, A272 east–west road from Heathfield, East Sussex, Heat ...

. *Lady Catherine Cavendish (14 January 1665 – 20 April 1712), who married

Thomas Tufton, 6th Earl of Thanet Thomas Tufton, 6th Earl of Thanet, PC (30 August 1644 – 30 July 1729)G. E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors. The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, G ...

on 14 August 1684 and had issue. *Lady Arabella Cavendish (19 August 1673 – 4 June 1698), who married

Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland, KG, PC (23 April 167519 April 1722), known as Lord Spencer from 1688 to 1702, was a British statesman from the Spencer family. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1714–1717), Lord Privy Seal ( ...

on 12 January 1695 and had issue. Through Henry,

King Charles III Charles III (Charles Philip Arthur George; born 14 November 1948) is King of the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms. Charles was born at Buckingham Palace during the reign of his maternal grandfather, King George VI, and ...

and

Queen Camilla Camilla (born Camilla Rosemary Shand, later Parker Bowles, 17 July 1947) is List of British royal consorts, Queen of the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms as the wife of King Charles III. Camilla was raised in East ...

are ninth cousins once removed.;

Coat of arms

References

External links

Biography of Henry Cavendish, with links to online catalogues
, - , - , - , - , - , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Newcastle, Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of 1630 births 1691 deaths People from Welbeck 12 10 Henry Cavendish, 02nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Mansfield, Henry Cavendish, Viscount Lord-lieutenants of Northumberland Lord-lieutenants of Nottinghamshire Lord-lieutenants of the East Riding of Yorkshire Lord-lieutenants of the North Riding of Yorkshire Lord-lieutenants of the West Riding of Yorkshire Members of the Privy Council of England English MPs 1660 English MPs 1661–1679 Knights of the Garter