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Henderson is a
town A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...
in Jefferson County,
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...
, United States. The population was 1,438 at the 2020 census. The town is named after William Henderson, the original European-American land owner. Henderson is in the western part of the county and is southwest of Watertown. The Great Lakes Seaway Trail runs through the town along New York State Route 3 and includes a monument to its founder, William E. Tyson.


History

This area had long been occupied by the
Onondaga people The Onondaga people (Onontaerrhonon, Onondaga language, Onondaga: , "People of the Hills") are one of the five original nations of the Iroquois, Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy in the Northeastern Woodlands. Their historical homelands are in ...
, a nation of the
Iroquois Confederacy The Iroquois ( ), also known as the Five Nations, and later as the Six Nations from 1722 onwards; alternatively referred to by the Endonym and exonym, endonym Haudenosaunee ( ; ) are an Iroquoian languages, Iroquoian-speaking Confederation#Ind ...
, a Native American coalition of tribes who controlled most of upstate and western New York around the Great Lakes by the 15th century. Because most nations of the confederacy had allied with the British in the
American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which Am ...
, after the defeat of Britain the United States forced the Iroquois to cede most of their land in New York under the terms of the peace treaty. The tribes moved to Canada, where the British offered them land in what is now
Ontario Ontario is the southernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Located in Central Canada, Ontario is the Population of Canada by province and territory, country's most populous province. As of the 2021 Canadian census, it ...
. New York made available for sale millions of acres of the former Iroquois lands at very low prices in an effort to stimulate settlement and agricultural development of its western and upstate territories. It offered some land to veterans as payment for their service during the war. Speculators based in New York City bought huge portions of land and sold them later for development. In 1801 Benjamin Wright surveyed and divided the town into lots,Haddock, John A. ''The Growth of a Century As Illustrated in the History of Jefferson County, New York, from 1793-1894,'' (1895), Weed-Parsons Printing Company, Albany, NY. p. 570 but settlers did not begin to arrive until 1802. Most settlers migrated from
New England New England is a region consisting of six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York (state), New York to the west and by the ...
, which had limited lands available for farming. The town was officially organized in 1806 from territory previously part of the town of Ellisburg. The Cyrus Bates House was listed on the
National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government's official United States National Register of Historic Places listings, list of sites, buildings, structures, Hist ...
in 2004 and the Norton–Burnham House, the birthplace of architect
Daniel Burnham Daniel Hudson Burnham (September 4, 1846 – June 1, 1912) was an American architect and urban designer. A proponent of the ''Beaux-Arts architecture, Beaux-Arts'' movement, he may have been "the most successful power broker the American archi ...
, was added in 2016.


Notable people

* Joseph Hawkins, (1781 – 1832) United States Representative * Charles G. Finney, (1792 – 1875) Presbyterian minister, revivalist, abolitionist,
coeducation Mixed-sex education, also known as mixed-gender education, co-education, or coeducation (abbreviated to co-ed or coed), is a system of education where males and females are educated together. Whereas single-sex education was more common up to ...
alist, and 2nd president of
Oberlin College Oberlin College is a Private university, private Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college and conservatory of music in Oberlin, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1833, it is the oldest Mixed-sex education, coeducational lib ...
* Hiram Barney, (1811 – 1895) lawyer and
abolitionist Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the political movement to end slavery and liberate enslaved individuals around the world. The first country to fully outlaw slavery was Kingdom of France, France in 1315, but it was later used ...
* Horatio N. Davis, (1812 – 1907) member of the
Wisconsin State Senate The Wisconsin Senate is the upper house of the Wisconsin State Legislature. Together with the Wisconsin State Assembly they constitute the legislative branch of the state of Wisconsin. The powers of the Wisconsin Senate are modeled after those o ...
* Cyrus H. Wheelock, (1813 – 1894) early Mormon missionary and hymn writer * Mark Hopkins, (1813 – 1878) railroad magnate, one of the " Big Four" behind the
Central Pacific Railroad The Central Pacific Railroad (CPRR) was a rail company chartered by U.S. Congress in 1862 to build a railroad eastwards from Sacramento, California, to complete most of the western part of the "First transcontinental railroad" in North Americ ...
* Buel Hutchinson, (1826 – 1903) politician and lawyer * John Watson Foster, (1836 – 1913) U.S. Secretary of State, ambassador and military officer, summered in Henderson Harbor *
Cushman Kellogg Davis Cushman Kellogg Davis (June 16, 1838November 27, 1900) was an American United States Republican Party, Republican politician who served as the List of Governors of Minnesota, seventh Governor of Minnesota and as a United States Senate, U.S. Senat ...
, (1838 – 1900) son of Horatio N. Davis, governor and U.S. senator from Minnesota * George Wilbur Peck, (1840 – 1916) governor of
Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...
, mayor of
Milwaukee Milwaukee is the List of cities in Wisconsin, most populous city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Located on the western shore of Lake Michigan, it is the List of United States cities by population, 31st-most populous city in the United States ...
, newspaper publisher and author of " Peck's Bad Boy" stories *
Daniel Burnham Daniel Hudson Burnham (September 4, 1846 – June 1, 1912) was an American architect and urban designer. A proponent of the ''Beaux-Arts architecture, Beaux-Arts'' movement, he may have been "the most successful power broker the American archi ...
, (1846 – 1912) architect of several famous buildings, including the
Flatiron Building The Flatiron Building, originally the Fuller Building, is a 22-story, steel-framed triangular building at 175 Fifth Avenue in the Flatiron District neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Designed by Daniel Burnham and Frederick P. Dinke ...
in New York City,
Union Station A union station, union terminal, joint station, or joint-use station is a railway station at which the tracks and facilities are shared by two or more separate railway company, railway companies, allowing passengers to connect conveniently bet ...
in Washington D.C., the Continental Trust Company Building tower skyscraper in Baltimore (now One South Calvert Plaza), and a number of notable skyscrapers in
Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...
; urban planner of numerous cities *
John Foster Dulles John Foster Dulles (February 25, 1888 – May 24, 1959) was an American politician, lawyer, and diplomat who served as United States secretary of state under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 until his resignation in 1959. A member of the ...
, (1888 – 1959) United States Senator and U.S. Secretary of State, summered at Henderson Harbor. *
Allen Dulles Allen Welsh Dulles ( ; April 7, 1893 – January 29, 1969) was an American lawyer who was the first civilian director of central intelligence (DCI), and its longest serving director. As head of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) during the ea ...
, (1893 – 1969) first civilian director of the
Central Intelligence Agency The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA; ) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with advancing national security through collecting and analyzing intelligence from around the world and ...
, summered at Henderson Harbor.Ferrell, Robert H. (1963). ''The American Secretaries of State and Their Diplomacy: John Foster Dulles'' Cooper Square Publishers, New York, NY, p. 4 * Eleanor Lansing Dulles, (1895 – 1996) author, professor, and Government envoy. *
Craig Conroy Craig Michael Conroy (born September 4, 1971) is an Americans, American former professional ice hockey player and the current general manager of the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). A sixth-round selection of the Montreal Cana ...
, professional ice hockey player, two-time Olympian, and current assistant general manager of the
Calgary Flames The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary. The Flames compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division (NHL), Pacific Division in the Western Conference (NHL), Western Conference. The ...
of the
National Hockey League The National Hockey League (NHL; , ''LNH'') is a professional ice hockey league in North America composed of 32 teams25 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NHL is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Cana ...
.


Geography

According to the
United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau, officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the Federal statistical system, U.S. federal statistical system, responsible for producing data about the American people and American economy, econ ...
, the town has a total area of , of which are land and , or 22.21%, are water. The western boundary of the town is
Lake Ontario Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. It is bounded on the north, west, and southwest by the Canadian province of Ontario, and on the south and east by the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. The Canada–United Sta ...
. New York State Route 3 is a north-south highway. New York State Route 178 is an east-west highway, which intersects NY-3 at Aspinwall Corners.


Demographics

As of the
census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...
of 2000, there were 1,377 people, 577 households, and 406 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 1,557 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 98.69%
White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...
, 0.22% Native American, 0.58% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races.
Hispanic The term Hispanic () are people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or broadly. In some contexts, Hispanic and Latino Americans, especially within the United States, "Hispanic" is used as an Ethnici ...
or Latino of any race were 0.65% of the population. There were 577 households, out of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.3% were
married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognised union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children (if any), and b ...
living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.6% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.76. In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.3% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 29.8% from 45 to 64, and 19.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.3 males. The median income for a household in the town was $37,019, and the median income for a family was $45,357. Males had a median income of $32,050 versus $24,792 for females. The
per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or average income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. In many countries, per capita income is determined using regular population surveys, such ...
for the town was $20,071. About 8.1% of families and 11.1% of the population were below the
poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line, or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for ...
, including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.


Communities and locations in Henderson


Communities and inhabited places

*Alexander Corners – A location southwest of Henderson village on NY-3. *Aspinwall Corners – A location west of Henderson village on NY-3. *Babbitt Corners – A location in the northeastern part of the town on County Road 71. *Bishop Street – A location west of Butterville. *Butterville – A hamlet by the eastern town line on County Road 75. *Clark Point – A hamlet on the shore of Lake Ontario on Stony Point. * Henderson – The hamlet of Henderson is on NY-178. It became an incorporated village in 1886, but subsequently dissolved the incorporation in 1992. The community is now a
census-designated place A census-designated place (CDP) is a Place (United States Census Bureau), concentration of population defined by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only. CDPs have been used in each decennial census since 1980 as the counte ...
. *Henderson Harbor – A hamlet on the shore of Henderson Bay, The community was originally called "Naples" before 1820. *Hungerford Corners – A hamlet west of Henderson village. *Roberts Corners – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town on NY-178 at County Road 75. *Scotts Corners – A location near the southern town line on NY-178 at County Road 152.


Geographical features and locations

* Association Island – An island near the northern tip of Stony Point. *Clark Point – A spit of land west of Sawyers Bay. * Crystal Lake – A lake in the southeastern part of the town, also called "Sixtown Pond." *Gravely Bay – A bay at the western tip of Stoney Point. *Henderson Bay – An arm of Lake Ontario in the northwestern part of the town, partly defined by Stony Point and the mainland. *Henderson Pond – A lake southwest of Henderson village. *Hoveys Island – A location at the northern tip of Stony Point. *Rays Bay – A bay at the southwestern tip of Stony Point. * Robert G. Wehle State Park – A state park on Stony Point. *Sawyers Bay – A bay located where Stony Point meets the mainland. *Sawyer Point – A spit of land east of Sawyer Bay. *Six Town Point – A location near the northern tip of Stony Point. *Stony Creek – A stream flowing westward in the northern part of Henderson. *Stony Point – A
peninsula A peninsula is a landform that extends from a mainland and is only connected to land on one side. Peninsulas exist on each continent. The largest peninsula in the world is the Arabian Peninsula. Etymology The word ''peninsula'' derives , . T ...
into Lake Ontario in the western part of the town. * Westcott Beach State Park – A state park by the northern town line and Lake Ontario.


References


External links


Town of Henderson official website

Henderson information and links






{{authority control Towns in Jefferson County, New York Towns in New York (state) Populated places on Lake Ontario in the United States