Hawise Of Chester, Countess Of Lincoln
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Hawise of Chester, 1st Countess of Lincoln ''
suo jure ''Suo jure'' is a Latin phrase, used in English to mean 'in his own right' or 'in her own right'. In most nobility-related contexts, it means 'in her own right', since in those situations the phrase is normally used of women; in practice, especi ...
'' (1180- March 1243), was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman and a wealthy heiress. Her father was
Hugh de Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester Hugh of Cyfeiliog, 5th Earl of Chester ( , ; 1147 – 30 June 1181), also written Hugh de Kevelioc or Hugh de Kevilioc, was an Anglo-Norman magnate who was active in England, Wales, Ireland and France during the reign of King Henry II of Englan ...
. She was the sister and a co-heiress of
Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester and 1st Earl of Lincoln (1170 – 26 October 1232), known in some references as the 4th Earl of Chester (in the second lineage of the title after the original family line was broken after the 2nd Earl) ...
. She was created
suo jure ''Suo jure'' is a Latin phrase, used in English to mean 'in his own right' or 'in her own right'. In most nobility-related contexts, it means 'in her own right', since in those situations the phrase is normally used of women; in practice, especi ...
1st Countess of Lincoln in 1232.G.E. Cokayne; ''et al'', ''The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant'', new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume VII, page 676 She was the wife of Robert de Quincy, by whom she had one daughter, Margaret, who became heiress to her title and estates. She was also known as Hawise of Kevelioc.


Family

Hawise was born in 1180 in
Chester Chester is a cathedral city in Cheshire, England, on the River Dee, Wales, River Dee, close to the England–Wales border. With a built-up area population of 92,760 in 2021, it is the most populous settlement in the borough of Cheshire West an ...
,
Cheshire Cheshire ( ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in North West England. It is bordered by Merseyside to the north-west, Greater Manchester to the north-east, Derbyshire to the east, Staffordshire to the south-east, and Shrop ...
, England, the youngest child of Hugh de Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester and Bertrade de Montfort of Évreux, a cousin of King
Henry II of England Henry II () was King of England The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the form of government used by the United Kingdom by which a hereditary monarch reigns as the head of state, with the ...
. Hawise had five siblings, including
Maud of Chester Matilda of Chester, Countess of Huntingdon (1171 – 6 January 1233) was an Anglo-Normans, Anglo-Norman noblewoman, sometimes known as Maud and sometimes known with the surname de Kevelioc. She was a daughter of Hugh de Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Che ...
, Countess of Huntingdon, Mabel of Chester, Countess of Arundel, Agnes of Chester, Countess of Derby, Beatrice de Keviloc and a brother Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester. She also had an illegitimate half-sister, Amice of Chester who married Ralph de Mainwaring, Justice of Chester by whom she had children. Her paternal grandparents were Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester, and Maud of Gloucester, the granddaughter of King
Henry I of England Henry I ( – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. On William's death in 1087, Henr ...
, and her maternal grandparents were
Simon III de Montfort Simon III de Montfort (1117 – 13 March 1181), nicknamed the Bald (le chauve), was count of Évreux from 1140 until 1181 and the Seigneur of Montfort from 1137 to 1181. He was the son of Amaury III and Agnès de Garlande, daughter of Ansea ...
and Mahaut. In 1181, when Hawise was a year old, her father died. He had served in Henry II's Irish campaigns after his estates had been restored to him in 1177. They had been confiscated by the King as a result of his having taken part in the baronial
Revolt of 1173–1174 The Revolt of 1173–1174 (sometimes referred to as the Great Revolt) was a rebellion against King Henry II of England by three of his sons, his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine, and their rebel supporters. The revolt ended in failure after eighteen ...
. Her only brother Ranulf succeeded him as the 6th Earl of Chester. She inherited the castle and manor of Bolingbroke, and other large estates from her brother to whom she was co-heiress after his death on 26 October 1232. Hawise had already become 1st Countess of Lincoln in April 1231, when her brother Ranulf de Blondeville, 1st Earl of Lincoln resigned the title in her favour. He granted her the title by a formal charter under his seal which was confirmed by King Henry III. She was formally invested as ''suo jure'' 1st Countess of Lincoln by King Henry III on 27 October 1232 the day after her brother's death. Less than a month later, in the same manner as her brother Ranulf de Blondeville, 1st Earl of Lincoln, she likewise made an ''inter vivos'' gift, after receiving dispensation from the crown, of the Earldom of Lincoln to her daughter
Margaret de Quincy Margaret is a feminine given name, which means "pearl". It is of Latin origin, via Ancient Greek and ultimately from Old Iranian. It has been an English name since the 11th century, and remained popular throughout the Middle Ages. It became le ...
who then became 2nd Countess of Lincoln ''suo jure'' and her son-in-law John de Lacy, Baron of Pontefract who then became the 2nd Earl of Lincoln by right of his wife. (John de Lacy is mistakenly called the 1st Earl of Lincoln in many references.) They were formally invested by King Henry III as Countess and Earl of Lincoln on 23 November 1232.Linda E., ''Portraits of medieval women: family, marriage, and politics in England, 1255-1350''
/ref>


Marriage and issue

Sometime before 1206, she married Robert de Quincy, oldest son of
Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester (c. 1155 – 3 November 1219) was one of the leaders of the baronial rebellion against John, King of England, and a major figure in both the kingdoms of Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland and Kingdom of England, ...
and his wife Margaret de Beaumont of Leicester. The marriage produced one daughter: * Margaret de Quincy, 2nd Countess of Lincoln ''suo jure'' (c.1206 – March 1266), married firstly in 1221
John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln ( – 22 July 1240) was hereditary Constable of Chester, 7th Baron of Pontefract, 8th Barony of Halton, Baron of Halton and 8th Lord of Bowland. Origins He was the eldest son and heir of Roger de Lacy (1170–1 ...
by whom she had two children, Edmund de Lacy, Baron of Pontefract, and
Maud de Lacy Maud de Lacy (25 January 1223 – 10 March 1289) was an English noblewoman, being the eldest child of John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln, and the wife of Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, 6th Earl of Gloucester. Life Maud de Lacy ...
; she married secondly on 6 January 1242
Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (119927 November 1245) was the fourth son of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Countess Isabel, the daughter of Richard son of Gilbert, earl of Striguil. He was a member of the Marshal Family. Early ...
. Hawise's husband Robert died in 1217 in
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
. He had been accidentally poisoned through medicine prepared by a
Cistercian The Cistercians (), officially the Order of Cistercians (, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint Benedict, as well as the contri ...
monk. Robert and his father had both been
excommunicated Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it, in particular those of being in communion with other members of the con ...
in December 1215 as a result of the latter having been one of the 25 sureties of
Magna Carta (Medieval Latin for "Great Charter"), sometimes spelled Magna Charta, is a royal charter of rights agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Cardin ...
six months before. Hawise died March 1243. She was more than sixty years of age. She married secondly Sir Warren de Bostoke "The Visitation of Cheshire 1580" Harleian Society, vol. 18, p. 27.


Sources

*Burke's Landed Gentry (1847), vol. 1, p. 81 *G. Ormerod, "History of the County Palatine and City of Chester" (1882), vol. 3, pp. 253, 259 *J. P. Rylands, "The Visitation of Cheshire in the Year 1580", Harleian Society, vol. 18, p. 27.


References


Sources

* * * *27 {{DEFAULTSORT:Hawise Of Chester, 1st Countess Of Lincoln 1180 births 1240s deaths Lincoln, Hawise 12th-century English nobility 12th-century English women 13th-century English nobility 13th-century English women 12th-century English landowners 12th-century women landowners 13th-century women landowners 13th-century English landowners Daughters of British earls