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The gourde () or goud () is the currency of
The gourde () or goud () is the currency of Haiti
Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...
. Its ISO 4217
ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual ...
code is HTG and it is divided into 100 ''centimes'' (French) or ''santim'' (Creole).
The word "gourde" is a French cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words in different languages that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language. Because language change can have radical e ...
for the Spanish term "gordo", from the "pesos gordos" (also known in English as "hard" pieces of eight, and in French as "piastres fortes espagnoles") in which colonial-era contracts within the Spanish sphere of influence were often denominated.
First gourde, 1813-1870
The first gourde was introduced in 1813 and replaced the livre at a rate of G 1 = 8 livres and 5 sous.Coins
The first issues of coins were silver pieces of 6, 12, and 25 centimes. In 1827, 50c and 100c coins were introduced, followed by 1c and 2c in 1828. In 1846 and 1850, c coins were issued as well as 6c coins. In 1863, bronze coins, produced by the Heaton mint ofBirmingham
Birmingham ( ) is a city and metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of West Midlands in England. It is the second-largest city in the United Kingdom with a population of 1.145 million in the city proper, 2.92 million in the We ...
, were issued. These were in denominations of 5c, 10c and 20c and were the last coins of the first gourde.
Banknotes
The governments of Haiti issued paper money in denominations of G 1, G 2, G 5, G 10, G 20, G 25, G 50, G 100, G 500, and G 1,000.Second gourde, 1870-1872
In 1870 the gourde was revalued at a rate of ten to one. Only banknotes were issued for this second gourde, with the government issuing notes of G 10 and G 25.Third gourde, 1872-
In 1872, the gourde was again revalued, this time at a rate of three hundred to one. In the early years of this third gourde, only banknotes were being issued and the name '' piastre'' was sometimes used instead of