Habermann's Mill and Villa () is a pair of monuments in Bludov municipality in the

Olomouc Region Olomouc Region (; , ; ) is an administrative unit () of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (''Morava'') and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (''České Sl ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

. It is formed by a

watermill A watermill or water mill is a mill that uses hydropower. It is a structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to drive a mechanical process such as mill (grinding), milling (grinding), rolling, or hammering. Such processes are needed in ...

and an

Art Nouveau Art Nouveau ( ; ; ), Jugendstil and Sezessionstil in German, is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and ...

villa. Together it forms a small hamlet named Habermannův mlýn.

Geography

The Morava River flows next to the hamlet. The watermill is powered by a branch of the Morava.

History

The area was owned by the

Sudeten German German Bohemians ( ; ), later known as Sudeten Germans ( ; ), were ethnic Germans living in the Czech lands of the Bohemian Crown, which later became an integral part of Czechoslovakia. Before 1945, over three million German Bohemians constitu ...

Habermann family. The

villa was built in 1920 as Hubert Habermann's residence. The adjoining buildings were used as a sawmill, watermill and

cooperage A cooper is a craftsman who produces wooden casks, barrels, vats, buckets, tubs, troughs, and other similar containers from timber staves that were usually heated or steamed to make them pliable. Journeymen coopers also traditionally made w ...

. A small business producing

wooden box A wooden box is a container made of wood for storage or as a shipping container. Construction may include several types of wood; lumber (timber), plywood, engineered woods, etc. For some purposes, decorative woods are used. Boxes as shi ...

es was established in the mill too. The mill as well as the villa was confiscated by

law enforcement Law enforcement is the activity of some members of the government or other social institutions who act in an organized manner to enforce the law by investigating, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate the rules and norms gove ...

in 1945. Habermann was arrested and murdered by a local barber. The villa was rebuilt and turned into public housing. A

turbine A turbine ( or ) (from the Greek , ''tyrbē'', or Latin ''turbo'', meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical ...

was installed in the mill. Mill warehouses were used as a garage for a

collective farm Collective farming and communal farming are various types of "agricultural production in which multiple farmers run their holdings as a joint enterprise". There are two broad types of communal farms: agricultural cooperatives, in which member-o ...

Economy

In the 1990s, the villa was rebuilt as a 4-star hotel and a restaurant, and is still used today. Part of the mill was rebuilt as

subsidized housing Subsidized housing is a subsidy aimed towards alleviating housing costs and expenses for impoverished people with low to moderate incomes. In the United States, subsidized housing is often called "affordable housing". Forms of subsidies include d ...

. Two

Francis turbine The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine. It is an inward-flow reaction turbine that combines radial and axial flow concepts. Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today, and can achieve over 95% efficiency. The pro ...

s are installed in former mill. Turbines outputs are 41.44 kW and 25.90 kW. Two overshot water wheels are installed in former sawmill. Its output is 8.8 kW and 6.29 kW. Its water source is the Morava.

Transport

A bus stop is situated in the hamlet. The I/44 road passes between the villa and the mill.

Art

The place is reflected in Josef Urban's ''Habermann's Mill'' book. A real story of Hubert Habermann's murder was imagined. The book was controversial because it blames the Pospíšil family who still live in Bludov. The '' Habermann'' film was made based on the events that took place here.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Habermann Populated places in Šumperk District Art Nouveau architecture in the Czech Republic Art Nouveau houses Houses completed in 1920 Houses in the Czech Republic Sawmills Flour mills