Gabriel ( hu, Gábor; died after 1164) was a nobleman in the
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
, who served as
Judge royal
The judge royal, also justiciar,Rady 2000, p. 49. chief justiceSegeš 2002, p. 202. or Lord Chief JusticeFallenbüchl 1988, p. 145. (german: Oberster Landesrichter,Fallenbüchl 1988, p. 72. hu, országbíró,Zsoldos 2011, p. 26. sk, krajinsk� ...
( la, curialis comes) between 1162 and 1164, during the reign of
Stephen III of Hungary
Stephen III ( hu, István, hr, Stjepan, sk, Štefan; summer of 11474 March 1172) was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1162 and 1172. He was crowned king in early June 1162, shortly after the death of his father, Géza II. However, his two un ...
.
[Zsoldos 2011, p. 27.]
He participated in the
Battle of the Fischa
The Battle of the Fischa or Battle of the Leitha took place on 11 September 1146 near the Fischa River at the border of the Kingdom of Hungary and the March of Austria, which then belonged to the overlordship of the Dukes of Bavaria and it was r ...
in September 1146. During the skirmish, he captured a certain German lord Accio (or Otto). In 1148, he held the position of
Master of the stewards
The master of the stewards or master of the table (german: Königliche Obertruchsess, hu, étekfogómester, and la, dapiferorum regalium magistri or magister dapiferorum) was one of the high officials of the royal household in the Kingdom of Hung ...
( la, dapiferum
ic) thus he was the first noble who undoubtedly bore the office according to an authentic charter.
[Markó 2006, p. 280.][Zsoldos 2011, p. 54.] Gabriel was mentioned as ''
ispán
The ispánRady 2000, p. 19.''Stephen Werbőczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)'', p. 450. or countEngel 2001, p. 40.Curta 2006, p. 355. ( hu, ispán, la, comes or comes parochialis, and sk, župan)Kirs ...
'' (''comes'') among the great barons in 1157.
When the civil war broke out between Stephen III and his uncles (
Ladislaus and
Stephen IV) in 1162, he supported the young king.
[Makk 1989, p. 93.] In 1163, Anti-king Stephen IV of Hungary appointed a rival Judge royal
Brocca who contested Gabriel's legitimacy.
Following the wars and intervention of the
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...
, in order to compromise the peace treaty, Gabriel also agreed to send
Duke Béla, younger brother of Stephen III, to
Constantinople
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه
, alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...
and his betrothal to
Maria Komnene, and also to allow the Byzantines to take possession of
Béla's duchy.
References
Sources
* Makk, Ferenc (1989). ''The Árpáds and the Comneni: Political Relations between Hungary and Byzantium in the 12th century'' (Translated by György Novák). Akadémiai Kiadó. .
* Markó, László: A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig – Életrajzi Lexikon ''(The High Officers of the Hungarian State from Saint Stephen to the Present Days – A Biographical Encyclopedia)'' (2nd edition); Helikon Kiadó Kft., 2006, Budapest; .
* Zsoldos, Attila (2011). ''Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301'' ("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301"). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. Budapest.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gabriel
Judges royal
12th-century Hungarian people
Masters of the stewards