Gällivare dialects are a dialect group of
Meänkieli
(literally 'our language') is a group of distinct Finnish dialects or a Finnic language spoken in the northernmost part of Sweden along the valley of the Torne River. Its status as an independent language is disputed, but in Sweden it is recogni ...
or
Northern Finnish. They are spoken around
Gällivare
Gällivare (; fi, Jällivaara; se, Jiellevárri or ; smj, Jiellevárre or ; fit, Jellivaara) is a locality and the seat of Gällivare Municipality in Norrbotten County, province of Lapland, Sweden with 8,449 inhabitants in 2010. The town w ...
, but also in
Killivaara and
Nattavaara
Nattavaara is a minor locality in Gällivare Municipality, Norrbotten County in the province of Lapland in Sweden. The settlement had a permanent population of 114 as of the year 2015. Nattavaara is located by road south of municipal seat Gäll ...
. Features of the dialects are absence of
Vowel harmony
In phonology, vowel harmony is an assimilatory process in which the vowels of a given domain – typically a phonological word – have to be members of the same natural class (thus "in harmony"). Vowel harmony is typically long distance, me ...
: kyla 'village' (
Meänkieli
(literally 'our language') is a group of distinct Finnish dialects or a Finnic language spoken in the northernmost part of Sweden along the valley of the Torne River. Its status as an independent language is disputed, but in Sweden it is recogni ...
and
Finnish: kylä), and the passive being used for the third person plural ending: ''äijät poltethin'' (
Finnish: ukot polttivat). The dialect is also heavily influenced by
Swedish
Swedish or ' may refer to:
Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically:
* Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland
** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...
and many loanwords have entered the Gällivare dialects.
A Gällivare dialect dictionary was made in 1992 by Birger Winsa.
Features
* Passive being used for the third person plural ending
* /o/ has changed to /u/ often: isu 'big', (Finnish: iso).
* Triphthongs: syöi 'ate'.
Example
*Oliko tännet tietä ennen?
* ei.
* eei oles, tie on. jaa, kyllä se on kuuskymmentä vuotta aikaa tullu.
* juust vasta tie tehty.
* sit ei ol ollu tietä, se on ollu liki Jällivaarhaav viis peniŋkulmaa kantant.
* ei se niiv niin ra hauska homma sekkää.
* ei ole miellùtta olleŋkha.
* täältä kaloja vienhet ja vaihethanhej jauhuja ja kaffi(a ja sokkeri(a.
* takka mennessä takka tullessa.
* joo.
* joo mie olen kans kokenu se reissu.
* joo hän on kantannu mutta mi en ole kantan.
* niit on ollu äijjiä jokka oŋ kantanhe sata kilua jauhuja. se on ollu lujat miehet en enne vanhast. Seon niemess oll yks äijä joka oŋ kantanu, sata kilu- Ollin Filppaaksi sanotti. sata kilua lyöny selkhän̬, ja lähteny marsii. ja eikä sollu pitkä.
[{{Cite web, title=Jällivaaran näyte, url=https://www.kotus.fi/aineistot/puhutun_kielen_aineistot/murreaanitteita/suomen_murrealueet_-kokoelma/perapohjalaisten_murteiden_naytteet/jallivaaran_nayte, access-date=2021-03-30, website=Kotimaisten kielten keskus, language=fi]
See also
*
Meänkieli
(literally 'our language') is a group of distinct Finnish dialects or a Finnic language spoken in the northernmost part of Sweden along the valley of the Torne River. Its status as an independent language is disputed, but in Sweden it is recogni ...
*
Peräpohja dialects
References
Finnic languages
Finnish dialects
Languages of Sweden
External links
Meänkieli dictionary (Includes Gällivare dialect)