HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Greenwood–Hercowitz–Huffman preferences are a particular functional form of
utility In economics, utility is a measure of a certain person's satisfaction from a certain state of the world. Over time, the term has been used with at least two meanings. * In a normative context, utility refers to a goal or objective that we wish ...
developed by Jeremy Greenwood, Zvi Hercowitz, and Gregory Huffman, in their 1988 paper ''Investment, Capacity Utilization, and the Real Business Cycle''.An archive for the original research is here: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/2688 It describes the
macroeconomic Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole. This includes regional, national, and global economies. Macroeconomists study topics such as output/ GDP ...
impact of technological changes that affect the productivity of new capital goods. The paper also introduced the notions of investment-specific technological progress and capacity utilization into modern macroeconomics. GHH preferences have Gorman form. Often macroeconomic models assume that agents' utility is additively separable in consumption and labor. I.e., frequently the period utility function is something like :u(c,l) = \frac- \psi \frac where c is consumption and l is labor (e.g., hours worked). Note that this is separable in that the utility (loss) from working does not directly affect the utility (gain or loss) from consumption, i.e. the cross-derivative of utility with respect to consumption and labor is 0. GHH preferences might instead have a form like: :u(c,l) = \frac\left(c - \psi \frac \right)^ where now consumption and labor are not additively separable in the same way. For an agent with this utility function, the amount she/he works will actually affect the amount of utility she/he receives from consumption, i.e. the cross-derivative of utility with respect to consumption and labor is unequal to 0. More generally, the preferences are of the form :u(c,l) = U\left(c - G(l)\right), U'>0, U''<0, G'>0, G''>0. The first order condition of u(c,l) with respect l is given by : U'\left(c - G(l)\right)\left(\frac - G'(l) \right) = 0 which implies : \frac = G'(l). As dc/dl is typically just a wage w, this means the labor choice l is a function of only the wage and has a closed form with l = G'^(w). As a result, the preferences are exceptionally convenient to work with. Moreover, as the marginal rate of substitution is independent of consumption and only depends on the real wage, there is no
wealth effect The wealth effect is the change in spending that accompanies a change in perceived wealth. Usually the wealth effect is positive: spending changes in the same direction as perceived wealth. Effect on individuals Changes in a consumer's wealth caus ...
on the labor supply. Using preference without a wealth effect on the labor supply might help to explain the aggregate economic behavior following news shocks, and government spending shocks. Their use is also very common in open macro studies.


Generalization: Jaimovich–Rebelo preferences

GHH preferences are not consistent with a balanced growth path. Jaimovich and Rebelo proposed a preference specification that allows scaling the short-run wealth effect on the labor supply. The two polar cases are the standard King–Plosser–Rebelo preferences and the GHH-preferences.


References

*Jeremy Greenwood, Zvi Hercowitz and Gregory W. Huffman (1988
"Investment, capacity utilization, and the real business cycle"
(Jeremy Greenwood's website) ''American Economic Review'' 78 (3): 402–17. ;Notes {{DEFAULTSORT:Greenwood-Hercowitz-Huffman preferences Business cycle theories Utility function types