Tuzla Canton
The Tuzla Canton Official name of canton is Tuzla Canton (; ; ) is one of 10
of the
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: ''Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine'' / ''Федерација Босне и Херцеговине'') is one of the two Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, entities composing Bo ...
, an entity of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...
. It is situated in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, roughly south of the
Sava
The Sava, is a river in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, a right-bank and the longest tributary of the Danube. From its source in Slovenia it flows through Croatia and along its border with Bosnia and Herzegovina, and finally reac ...
river. As of 2013, it has a population of 39,340 inhabitants. The city is well known for its
castle
A castle is a type of fortification, fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by Military order (monastic society), military orders. Scholars usually consider a ''castle'' to be the private ...
župa
A župa, or zhupa, is a historical type of administrative division in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that originated in medieval South Slavs, South Slavic culture, commonly translated as "county" or "parish". It was mentioned for the first t ...
'' of Gradačac was first mentioned in 1302, while the town's first written mention dates from 1465 (also as ''Gračac''). The town became part of the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
in 1512, its ''nahija'' (municipality) was first recorded in the defter of 1533, while its ''kadiluk'' (county) was recorded in 1634.
In 1701, the settlement was given the status of a ''palanka'' (city), and it became the headquarters of a military captaincy in 1710. The captains of the Gradaščević family led the development of the city, and the most famous of them, Husein-kapetan Gradaščević or ''Zmaj od Bosne'' ("Dragon of Bosnia"), led an uprising that raised to arms most of the Bosnian captains in 1831.
The town has a fort with 18-meter high walls built between 1765 and 1821, and a 22-meter high watchtower built in 1824 by Husein-kapetan Gradaščević on foundations made originally by the Romans. Husejnija Mosque was built in 1826.
From 1929 to 1939, Gradačac was part of the Vrbas Banovina and from 1939 to 1941 of the Banovina of Croatia within the
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a country in Southeast Europe, Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 to 1929, it was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, but the term "Yugoslavia" () h ...
.
In 1964 and 1967, Gradačac suffered serious floods, which led to significant interventions in the local streams in the 1970s.
It was severely bombed during the
Bosnian War
The Bosnian War ( / Рат у Босни и Херцеговини) was an international armed conflict that took place in Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995. Following several earlier violent incid ...
1992–1995. It is located near the narrow northern Brčko corridor that connects two major portions of the Bosnian Serb entity
Republika Srpska
Republika Srpska ( sr-Cyrl, Република Српска, ; also referred to as the Republic of Srpska or Serb Republic) is one of the two Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, entities within Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other bein ...
. Gradačac became part of the
Tuzla Canton
The Tuzla Canton Official name of canton is Tuzla Canton (; ; ) is one of 10
in the
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: ''Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine'' / ''Федерација Босне и Херцеговине'') is one of the two Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, entities composing Bo ...
after the war.
Thermal springs
The first spa facility, Ilidža Spa Treatment Centre was built on the thermal springs in Gradačac in 1882. The water temperature is 29.30˚C found at depth of 286 meters. In the area nearby are also two lakes Hazna and Vidara. Both lakes were built as part of project for protecting city from floods who took final stroke in 1964 and 1967, when the city's industrial part was underwater due to extensive floods.
Economy
The most important industries in Gradačac are textile, chemical, mechanical and food processing. Gradačac is the place where the traditional international fair for plums "Sajam šljive" (also known as "Šljivarevo") is held. In August 2015, the traditional international plum fair "Sajam šljive" was held. It was attended by 250 presenters from Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Germany, Turkey and Hungary. One of the more notable local firms is "Kula", who was founded in 1960 as a small local factory producing clothing. Today, Kula is modern and respective company in Eastern Europe with 700 employees and annual production of 300.000 pieces. Kula visits fashion fairs in country and Europe. Kula's models were seen in fashion fairs in Brussel, Leipzig, Düsseldorf and Brno.
Education
In the municipality there are two high schools, seven elementary and 14 regional schools.
Sport
*NK Zvijezda Gradačac
*KK Gradacac
*KIK Zmaj Gradačac
Düren
Düren (; Ripuarian language, Ripuarian: Düre) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, between Aachen and Cologne, on the river Rur (river), Rur.
History
Roman era
The area of Düren was part of Gallia Belgica, more specifically the ter ...
, Germany
*
Sivas
Sivas is a city in central Turkey. It is the seat of Sivas Province and Sivas District.İl Beledi ...
File:Kula husein kapetan.jpg, Castle of Gradačac
File:Gradacac 11 - Jezero Hazna (III).JPG, Hazna Lake
File:Gradacac 15 - Rodna kuca Husejn kapetana.JPG, Birth house of Captain Husein Gradaščević
File:Gradacac 17 - Sahat-kula (II).JPG, Old Clock Tower
File:A Yugoslav postage stamp depicting Gradacac with its Gradacac Castle and the Husejnija Mosque.png, A Yugoslav postage stamp depicting Gradačac with its Gradačac castle and the Husejnija Mosque